婴幼儿肾脏疾病肾组织病理类型的分布与临床

目的分析婴幼儿肾脏疾病病理类型的分布及其对诊断治疗的指导意义。 方法中南大学湘雅二院于1996 01—2005 09采用快速经皮肾活检术，对73例临床诊断为10种肾脏疾病的婴幼儿进行肾组织病理检查。将穿刺取得的每份组织标本分成3部分，按常规方法对所有标本均分别进行光镜、电镜及免疫荧光检查，标本均做HE、PAS、PASM、Masson染色，均应用免疫荧光检测肾组织中IgG、IgM、IgA、C3、C4、C1q、Fb，部分病例根据血化验乙肝抗原阳性者加做免疫荧光，检测肾组织中的HBsAg、HBcAg。 结果肾活检成功率为100%；最常见的病理类型为系膜增生性肾炎(51/73例，占69.9%)；临床表现类似的疾病病理类型不同，同一病理类型的疾病，临床表现可以多样。 结论肾活检病理诊断对婴幼儿肾脏疾病的诊断、治疗、估计预后均有重要价值。电镜在婴幼儿肾病理检查中起到不可忽视的作用。     

Micelles Based on Polyvinyl Alcohol Substituted with Oleic Acid for Targeting of Lipophilic Drugs

Polymeric micelles based on polyvinyl alcohol substituted with oleic acid were used as vehicles for progesterone and folic acid. The ability of this amphiphilic polymer to entrap lipophilic drugs and to generate stable micelles in aqueous neutral medium makes it a good candidate for drug delivery. The release of the loaded drugs in acidic environments represents another important property of these systems. Size of micelles, their stability, and their drug-loading capacity were evaluated, as well as the in vitro controlled-release profiles at pH 7.4 and 5.5.     

Sex,hormones, and stress: How they impact development and function of the carotid bodies and related reflexes

Progesterone and corticosterone are key modulators of the respiratory control system. While progesterone is widely recognized as an important respiratory stimulant in adult and newborn animals, much remains to be described regarding the underlying mechanisms. We review the potential implication of nuclear and membrane progesterone receptors in adults and in newborns. This raises intriguing questions regarding the contribution of progesterone as a protective factor against some respiratory control disorders during early life. We then discuss our current understanding of the central integration of stressful stimuli and the responses they elicit. The fact that this system interacts with the respiratory control system, either because both share some common neural pathways in the brainstem and hypothalamus, or because corticosterone directly modulates the function of the respiratory control network, is a fascinating field of research that has emerged over the past few years. Finally, we review the short- and long-term consequences of disruption of stress circuitry during postnatal development on these systems.     

Oral administration of leaf extracts of Momordica charantia affect reproductive hormones of adult female Wistar rats

ObjectiveTo determine the effect of graded doses of aqueous leaf extracts of Momordica charantia on fertility hormones of female albino rats.MethodsTwenty adult, healthy, female Wistar rats were divided into four groups: low dose (LD), moderate dose (MD) and high dose (HD) groups which received 12.5 g, 25.0 g, 50.0 g of the leaf extract respectively and control group that was given with water ad libatum.ResultEstrogen levels reduced by 6.40 nmol/L, 10.80 nmol/L and 28.00 nmol/L in the LD, MD and HD groups respectively while plasma progesterone of rats in the LD, MD and HD groups reduced by 24.20 nmol/L, 40.8 nmol/L and 59.20 nmol/L respectively.ConclusionOur study has shown that the antifertility effect of Momordica charantia is achieved in a dose dependent manner. Hence, cautious use of such medication should be advocated especially when managing couples for infertility.     

血清β-HCG、孕酮水平在异位妊娠早期诊断中的临床价值

目的探讨观察血清β-HCG、孕酮水平在异位妊娠早期诊断中的临床价值。方法选取2012年6月~2014年6月于本院治疗的112例患者作为研究对象,随机分为对照组(正常妊娠组,58例),观察组(异位妊娠组,54例),检测两组孕妇的血清β-HCG和孕酮,并进行比较分析。结果 检测两组孕妇的血清β-HCG、孕酮,观察组显著低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论 联合检测血清β-HCG、孕酮可以提高异位妊娠早期诊断率。     

子宫内膜异位症孕酮抵抗机制研究进展

子宫内膜异位症（EMs）中异位内膜周期性出血形成的病灶导致女性严重的盆腔疼痛与不孕.EMs是一种雌二醇（E2）依赖性疾病,孕酮是拮抗E2的经典药物.EMs患者血清孕酮水平正常,但子宫内膜对孕酮的反应性却明显下降,导致着床期子宫内膜容受性下降,不孕症发生率增加.在临床治疗中,多数EMs患者对孕酮治疗呈现低反应或无反应,这些都称为EMs的孕酮抵抗现象.孕酮抵抗机制涉及孕酮受体（PR）的缺陷,PR辅激活子的改变,基因和环境因素的变化以及雌激素受体亚型的改变等.综述有关EMs孕酮抵抗的相关机制,为克服EMs孕酮抵抗提供理论基础.     

黄体酮对新生儿缺氧缺血性脑病作用的研究进展

新生儿缺氧缺血性脑病病死率和致残率较高,且缺乏有效的治疗方法,所以至今仍为医学界的难题.黄体酮作为神经类固醇激素已经证实对新生儿缺氧缺血性脑病有保护作用,且已经应用于Ⅱ期临床试验.该文综述黄体酮对新生儿缺氧缺血性脑病的治疗进展.     

以孕酮水平确定冻融胚胎移植时间的临床研究

目的比较基于排卵监测的方案(MOR)与基于孕酮水平监测的方案(MPR)确定自然周期冻融胚胎移植(FET)时机的临床结局。方法回顾性分析190个自然周期FET的临床资料。结果 61.1%(116/190)的周期应用MPR方案,38.9%(74/190)为MOR方案;MOR组生化妊娠率为9.5%,同MPR组(1.7%)相比显著升高(P=0.014);然而,MPR、MOR组的临床妊娠率相似,分别为53.4%及51.4%,种植率、持续妊娠率及活产率的差异亦无统计学意义(P0.05)。多元Logistic回归分析显示移植方案是生化妊娠的独立影响因素,MPR与生化妊娠呈负相关[(OR0.050,95%CI(0.004,0.593)](P=0.018)。结论在基本情况及周期治疗情况相似的患者中,与MOR方案相比,MPR方案进行自然周期FET可能获得更低的生化妊娠率(即更低的妊娠丢失率),但仍需进一步研究证实。