单绒毛膜双羊膜囊双胎减胎的研究进展

与辅助生殖技术(ART)相关的单卵双胎(MZT)的发生率不断升高。双胎妊娠绒毛膜性的判定可对其风险进行分层。单绒毛膜双羊膜囊(MCDA)双胎围生期具有高发病率和死亡率,其各种减胎方法各有利弊。传统的阴道超声引导下的胚胎组织穿刺抽吸术具有局限性,现主要采用血管闭塞技术用于对MCDA双胎进行选择性减胎,比如脐带双极电凝术和射频消融术等。减胎术的并发症主要有未足月胎膜早破(PPROM)和早产,但有关MCDA的各种减胎方法的时机、适应证及预后等尚未形成统一的标准,故对于减胎术后的新生儿必须进行长期的随访。     

中西医结合治疗卵巢储备功能减退患者成功妊娠二例并文献复习

卵巢储备功能减退（diminished ovarian reserve,DOR）是卵巢因素所致不孕症的主要原因之一,西医临床治疗方法主要依赖于口服提高卵巢储备功能的药物、人工激素周期替代疗法和辅助生殖技术助孕,中医运用补肾健脾法治疗DOR具有不良反应少、疗效持久、治疗手段多样化等优势。报告2例在常规西医治疗基础上应用中医补肾健脾法综合治疗DOR患者成功妊娠的情况,强调个体化中西医结合治疗方案对于解决疑难病证的重要性,为临床应用中医药治疗DOR患者提供证据。     

Pregnancy in the Sickle Cell Disease and Fetomaternal Outcomes in Different Sickle cell Genotypes: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

BackgroundPregnancy is a major concern among women with the sickle cell disease (SCD), and it is associated with increased adverse outcomes. The aim of the present meta-analysis is to report the fetomaternal outcomes in different sickle cell genotypes.MethodsIn this systematic review and meta-analysis, a comprehensive search of databases and search engines such as PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, ProQuest, Cochrane Library, Science Direct and Google Scholar were performed. Any observational studies that had compared at least one outcome such as maternal outcomes, fetal outcomes, and morbidity between two groups of pregnant women with different types of sickle cell genotypes and pregnant women without SCD were evaluated.ResultsA total number of 9,827 pregnant women with SCD were examined. The results showed that pregnancy in SCD increased the risk of adverse outcomes for the mothers (including postpartum hemorrhage, prematurity, pregnancy-induced hypertension, pre-eclampsia, eclampsia, cesarean section, lower segment cesareansection, maternal death), fetus (including live births, low birth weight, intrauterine growth restriction, APGAR score at 5 min <7, stillbirth, neonatal death, perinatal mortality, acute fetal distress, intrauterine fetal death) and morbidity among the SCD(severe anemia, urinary tract infection, blood transfusion, painful crisis, acute chest syndrome, vaso-occlusive crises).ConclusionAccording to the results of this meta-analysis, pregnancy in the SCD is associated with an increased risk of maternal outcomes, fetal outcomes, and morbidity among SCD patients with different genotypes. Pregnancy in sickle cell hemoglobinopathies needs careful multidisciplinary management and cautious caring so as to decrease maternal and fetal morbidity and mortality.     

Anaesthetic management of an obstetric patient with Pompe disease

Pompe disease (Glycogen storage disease type II) leads to abnormal glycogen deposition in various vital organs resulting in multiple systemic sequelae. We present the anaesthetic management for caesarean section of a 31-year-old parturient with known Pompe disease. The parturient had symptoms and signs of respiratory dysfunction and the pregnancy was complicated by preeclampsia. She underwent urgent caesarean section under regional anaesthesia resulting in the birth of a healthy baby girl. To our knowledge, this is the first reported case of both spinal anaesthesia for caesarean section and successful live birth in a patient with Pompe disease.     

超声引导下行胚胎移植对妊娠结局的影响

目的研究超声引导下行胚胎移植对体外受精-胚胎移植结局的影响。方法回顾性分析2008年6月至2010年1月,接受体外受精-胚胎移植（包括卵母细胞内单精子注射）治疗的436个移植周期的资料,按照胚胎移植时有无B超引导分为常规胚胎移植组（常规组）和超声引导下胚胎移植组（超声组）,分别有110个周期和326个周期,比较两组患者的临床妊娠率、胚胎种植率、胚胎残留率、异位妊娠率,困难移植率及内外移植管血染率。结果常规组和超声引导组的周期临床妊娠率分别是36.4%（40/110）和40.5%（132/326）,P〈0.05;胎种植率分别是16.4%（47/286）和23.5%（207/880）,P〈0.05;困难移植率分别是7.3%（8/110）和2.1%（7/326）,P〈0.05;内外移植管出血率7.3%（8/110）和4.6%（5/326）,P〈0.05;胚胎残留率分别是3.6%（4/110）和2.6%（8/326）,P〉0.05;异位妊娠率分别是2.2%（2/110）和1.5%（5/326）,P〉0.05。结论超声引导下行胚胎移植能提高体外受精-胚胎移植的胚胎种植率,降低困难移植率及内外移植管血染率,能有助于改善临床妊娠率,是一种有效的胚胎移植方法。     

中西药结合治疗输卵管妊娠的疗效分析

目的探讨中西药结合治疗输卵管妊娠的临床效果。方法56例未破裂型输卵管妊娠患者,将其分成两组,中西药结合组40例给予甲氨喋呤(MTX)多次静脉注射,次日加四氢叶酸钙解毒,并辅以具有灭胚胎及活血化瘀作用的中药治疗。对照组16例,MTX多次静脉注射,次日加四氢叶酸钙解毒。治疗后定期检查血-βHCG及B超,注意患者的腹痛、阴道流血、腹泻、肛门坠胀感、黑色大便等及生命体征情况。结果中西药结合组38例治愈,治愈率95.00%,血-βHCG平均3.6 d开始下降,18.7 d下降为正常,47.5%呈现一过性上升;再次异位妊娠率2.5%;副反应发生率30.00%。对照组15例治愈,治愈率93.75%,血HCG平均9.9d开始下降,28.9 d下降为正常。两组相比,治愈率无显著性差异,血-βHCG下降时间和速度均有显著性差异(P<0.05)。结论符合保守治疗条件的输卵管妊娠患者采用中西药结合治疗效果良好,疗程缩短。     

妊娠期阑尾炎临床病例分析(附33例报告)

目的探讨妊娠期阑尾炎的临床表现,研究其诊治分析影响措施与母儿预后的。方法回顾性分析1990年至2005年收治的妊娠期阑尾炎33例的诊治方法。结果延误诊断3例治疗后2例流产,及时准确诊断并手术治疗30例,母儿安全,足月顺产。结论妊娠期阑尾炎影响母儿生命安全的主要原因是延误诊断或延误手术,准确诊断和及时手术,辅以积极的保胎和抗感染治疗是确保母儿生命安全的关键措施。     

妊娠合并肾绞痛的治疗体会

目的探讨妊娠合并肾绞痛内引流的治疗效果。方法采用经膀胱镜下置入输尿管双J管支架治疗妊娠合并肾绞痛31例。年龄为23~37岁,平均28岁。发病孕周为9~30周。结果31例全部顺利置入输尿管双J管;症状逐渐消失,11例有发热的患者24 h以内体温正常,21例行剖宫产术、10例正常分娩,所有胎儿发育正常。术后无明显并发症。结论经膀胱镜下置入输尿管双J管支架治疗妊娠合并肾绞痛具有操作简单、并发症少、效果满意等优点。     

男性慢性乙型肝炎患者服用阿德福韦酯期间妻子妊娠安全性的研究

如何评判男性慢性乙型肝炎患者在服用阿德福韦酯期间对孕妇及胎儿的影响,是医生和患者必须面对的问题,我们对收治的26例孕妇进行随访及对照研究,现报道如下.一、资料与方法1.研究对象:26例男性慢性乙型肝炎患者为2006年1月至2009年3月南京市第二医院门诊患者,诊断均符合2005年《慢性乙型肝炎防治指南》诊断标准[l].年龄26-34岁(中位数30岁),服药前患者HBsAg均为阳性,HBeAg为阳性或阴性,HBV DNA>104拷贝/ml.同时半年内未服过其他抗病毒药物,服用阿德福韦酯的时间为6 - 47个月(中位数26个月),入组时HBV DNA均已下降至＜500拷贝/ml、肝功能正常.26名孕妇年龄为23 - 32岁(中位数27岁).     

Ventilator Strategy for Status Asthmaticus in Pregnancy: A Case-Based Review

Asthma is a common and potentially serious condition complicating pregnancy. However, the literature available on the management of severe asthma in pregnancy is limited. We describe two episodes of respiratory failure due to asthma in pregnant women and discuss their management in the context of a review of the literature. In both patients, adequate oxygenation was maintained by using controlled hypoventilation with a permissive hypercapnia strategy. Both patients received aggressive steroid therapy, aerosolized bronchodilators, sedation, and paralysis. Aggressive asthma treatment as in a nongravid female is recommended.