根管治疗联合牙周基础治疗对牙周牙髓联合病变的临床观察

目的：探讨牙周基础疗法辅助治疗牙周牙髓联合病变的临床疗效。方法选择我科近2年收治的牙周牙髓联合病变患者共94例进行研究并分为两组。观察组(n=48)行根管治疗联合牙周基础治疗,而对照组(n=46)仅行常规根管治疗,比较两种治疗方法的临床有效性和安全性。结果观察组总有效率为95.83%,不良反应率为8.33%,均显著优于对照组的80.43%、17.39%,差异均具有显著性(P<0.01)。结论根管联合牙周基础治疗牙周牙髓联合病变的临床疗效显著,安全性高,值得在临床上推广使用。     

宝鸡地区宫颈癌筛查方案的可行性研究

目的探讨宝鸡地区宫颈癌筛查方案的可行性。方法收集分析2010年1月-2013年11月在宝鸡市妇幼保健院进行宫颈癌筛查的患者资料,筛查方法包括巴氏细胞学、液基细胞学、高危型HPV检测,多功能醋酸白肉眼检测法,并经阴道镜检查,病理确诊宫颈癌及癌前病变。结果共筛查89714例,其中组织性筛查59745例,机会性筛查29969例,筛查方法依次为巴氏细胞学69285例,液基细胞学16114例,HPV检测625例,多功能醋酸白肉眼检测3604例。最常用的筛查方案是细胞学检查占95.19％。组织性筛查检出宫宫颈癌前病变（CINⅠ＋CINⅡ＋CINⅢ）916例（1.53％）,宫颈癌96例（0.16％）,机会性筛查检出颈癌前病变（CINⅠ＋CINⅡ＋CINⅢ）892例（2.98％）,宫颈癌159例（0.53％）。结论巴氏细胞学仍为经济欠发达地区主要的宫颈癌筛查方法,机会性筛查宫颈病变检出率高,但仍不能忽视组织性筛查。     

Iron deposition in multiple sclerosis lesions measured by susceptibility-weighted imaging filtered phase: a case control study

Purpose:

To investigate phase lesions identified on susceptibility‐weighted imaging (SWI)‐filtered phase images in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS), clinically isolated syndrome (CIS) and healthy controls (HC). To relate phase lesion characteristics to other clinical and MRI outcomes.

Materials and Methods:

95 relapsing‐remitting (RR), 40 secondary‐progressive (SP) MS patients, as well as 19 CIS patients and 49 age‐ and sex‐matched HC, were scanned on a 3T scanner. Phase‐, T1‐, and T2‐lesion characteristics were determined. Overlap of T1‐ and T2‐weigthed imaging (WI) lesions with phase lesions (T1P and T2P), as well as brain atrophy outcomes, was assessed.

Results:

MS patients showed significantly greater numbers and larger volume of phase lesions, compared with HC (P < 0.001). 23.6% of T2 lesions overlapped with phase lesions, whereas the same figure for T1 lesions was 37.3%. Conversely, 33.4% and 69.7% of phase lesions were not visible on T2‐ or T1‐WI, respectively. Phase, T1P and T2P lesions were not related to clinical outcomes, but phase lesions were related to ventricular enlargement.

Conclusion:

Phase lesions were present in both MS and CIS patients, and showed partial overlap with lesions observed using conventional MRI. The role of phase lesions in clinical progression remains unclear and should be further explored. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2012;36:73–83. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.     

不同影像技术导引纵膈病变穿刺活检术评价

纵膈病变是临床常见病变之一,其仅凭影像学诊断很难定性,临床难以确诊,患者得到最佳治疗的可能性降低。影像导引经皮纵膈肿块定位更精确,提高了穿刺诊断技术,有效地减少了损伤和并发症。尽管X线透视引导穿刺方便可行并且得到了广泛的认可,但是利用超声(US)、计算机断层成像(CT)及磁共振成像(MRI)这样的影像导引手段可以明显提高疾病的诊断率,尤其是用于高危患者。磁共振成像的卓越软组织分辨率对人体的深部组织结构行经皮手术非常有用,比如纵膈病变穿刺诊疗技术的开展。     

The present state of treatments for articular cartilage defects in the knee

INTRODUCTION

Chondral and osteochondral lesions of the knee are notoriously difficult to treat due to the poor healing capacity of articular cartilage and the hostile environment of moving joints, ultimately causing disabling pain and early osteoarthritis. There are many different reconstructive techniques used currently but few are proven to be of value. However, some have been shown to produce a better repair with hyaline-like cartilage rather than fibrocartilage.

METHODS

A systematic search of all available online databases including PubMed, MEDLINE® and Embase™ was undertaken using several keywords. All the multiple treatment options and methods available were considered. These were summarised and the evidence for and against them was scrutinised.

RESULTS

A total of 460 articles were identified after cross-referencing the database searches using the keywords. These revealed that autologous and matrix assisted chondrocyte implantation demonstrated both ‘good to excellent’ histological results and significant improvement in clinical outcomes.

CONCLUSIONS

Autologous and matrix assisted chondrocyte implantation have been shown to treat symptomatic lesions successfully with significant histological and clinical improvement. There is, however, still a need for further randomised clinical trials, perfecting the type of scaffold and the use of adjuncts such as growth factors. A list of recommendations for treatment and the potential future trends of managing these lesions are given.     

A patient with multiple brown tumors due to secondary hyperparathyroidism: A case report

Brown tumor is an uncommon non-neoplastic radiolucent bone lesion due to a rapid bone loss replaced by haemorrhage and reparative granulation tissue. It is a manifestation of hyperparathyroidism related to the high level of parathyroid hormone and represents a problem linked to the adherence to therapy. We present a case of a 44 years-old Caucasian female with hemodialysis-dependent chronic kidney disease in poor sanitary condition with CT evidence of innumerable and widespread bone tumors. At first, we considered these bone lesions strongly suspicious for metastasis, so we recommended an oncological consultation and laboratory studies, that showed a secondary hyperparathyroidism with elevated serum parathormone level of 923 pg/mL (normal range: 10-70 pg/mL). According to our experience, in case of radiological evidence of multiple bone lesions, a correct medical history is mandatory. When the patient has a history of chronic kidney disease and dialysis and high blood levels of parathyroid hormone are present, secondary hyperparathyroidism should always be considered in the differential diagnosis.     

Using sheathless standard guiding catheters for transradial percutaneous coronary intervention to treat bifurcation lesions

OBJECTIVE:

To investigate the feasibility and safety of using sheathless standard guiding catheters for transradial percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) to treat bifurcation lesions.

METHODS:

Coronary bifurcation lesions were identified using angiography in 43 patients with coronary artery disease. These patients underwent transradial PCI using sheathless standard guiding catheters, and the procedural success and complication rates were recorded.

RESULTS:

All 43 patients underwent successful PCI. The Culotte stenting technique was used in 22 (51.2%) subjects, the Crush stenting technique was used in eight (18.8%) subjects and the crossover stenting implantation technique was used in 13 (30.0%) subjects. Of the 43 coronary artery bifurcation lesions, the final kissing balloon technique was performed in 39 (90.1%) lesions. Adjunctive devices used in the cohort included intravascular ultrasound for 32 (74.4%) patients, thrombus aspiration catheters for two patients and cutting balloon for five patients. During the perioperative period, no major complications associated with vessel puncture or adverse cardiac or cerebrovascular events occurred in any of the 43 patients enrolled in the present study. At day 30, radial artery occlusion was detected in only three (2.5%) patients and radial artery stenosis in four (9.3%) patients. At six-month follow-up, 24 (55.8%) patients exhibited coronary artery patency with no significant intimal hyperplasia.

CONCLUSIONS:

Transradial PCI using the sheathless technique may be a feasible and safe technique to treat coronary bifurcation lesions.     

Magnetic resonance imaging and ultrasound evaluation of “healthy” joints in young subjects with severe haemophilia A

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and ultrasonography (US) are increasingly used in haemophilia A (HA) to detect early joint changes. A total of 40 clinically asymptomatic joints, never involved by bleeding events [“healthy joints” (HJ)], were evaluated by MRI and, in parallel, by US in 20 young subjects with severe HA (22.45 ± 2.72 years old; no history of arthritides, of viral infections or of inhibitors against factor VIII). The same joints were evaluated in 20 matched non‐haemophilic (no‐HA) subjects (mean age 23.90 ± 2.31 years, P = 0.078 vs. HA subjects). US images were obtained with specific probe positions according to validated procedures. A validated US score and progressive (P‐MRI) and additive (A‐MRI) MRI scores were employed for data collection and analysis. The US score was higher in HA than in no‐HA subjects (3.40 ± 1.72 vs. 0.80 ± 1.10, P < 0.001). Taking into account only moderate/severe alterations, joint effusion was found in 55% of HA and in 5% of no‐HA joints (P < 0.001); synovial hypertrophy was found in 20% of HA and in none of the no‐HA joints; cartilage erosion was found in 30% of HA and in none of no‐HA joints. MRI examinations confirmed these findings and the US score correlated with the A‐MRI (r = 0.732, P < 0.001) and with the P‐MRI (r = 0.598, P < 0.001) scores. MRI and US data significantly correlated as to effusion (r = 0.819, P = 0.002), synovial hypertrophy (r = 0.633, P = 0.036) and cartilage erosion (r = 0.734, P = 0.010). Despite inherent limitations, joint US examination identified subclinical abnormalities of HJ in young subjects with severe HA.     

串联Excel、Partner支架与串联双Excel支架治疗冠脉长病变的对比研究

目的 对比研究串联国产Excel、Partner支架与串联国产双Excel支架治疗冠脉长病变的临床疗效.方法 串联双Excel支架置入组59例,串联Excel、Partner支架置入组55例,比较两组在围手术期心肌酶学升高、心绞痛发作及主要心血管事件的发生情况,以及在支架术后6个月接受冠状动脉造影随访情况.结果 共120例患者纳入对比研究,因个人原因退出研究6人,共114例患者接受随访并于6个月后行冠脉造影.围手术期心肌酶学升高两组差异无统计学意义（P=0.591）;围手术期心绞痛发作两组差异无统计学意义（P=0.812）;MACE事件率两组差异无统计学意义（P=1.00）;靶血管再狭窄率差异无统计学意义（P=0.943）.对影响长病变支架再狭窄因素的多元logistic回归分析发现,冠心病家族史（OR=3.402,P=0.048）和支架长度（OR=1.220,P=0.000）是对支架内再狭窄影响最大的危险因素.结论 串联双Excel、Partner支架与串联双Excel支架治疗冠脉长病变的临床疗效相同.