骨折与无骨折史患者的定量超声检查比较

目的：用定量超声方法对有骨折史的骨质疏松症患者进行骨量检查,方法用CUBA Clinical型定量骨密度超声仪对393例被疑为骨质疏松的患者进行检测,并根据病史按有无骨折中进行分组。分析二组患者宽频超声衰减（BUA）、超声速率（VOS）、强度指数（SI）与骨折次数的关系。结果：伴有骨折史的骨质疏松症虱的BUA、VOS、SI值都要比无骨折史的患者明显降低（P＝0．000）。结论定量超声值与骨折的发生次数呈负相关,其测定值越低,骨折的发生次数越多;骨的质量下降是造成骨质疏松骨折的主要原因。     

Management of steroid-induced osteoporosis

Ｐｕｒｐｏｓｅ　Ｔｏｒｅｖｉｅｗｔｈｅｐａｔｈｏｇｅｎｅｓｉｓ ,ｃｌｉｎｉｃａｌｐｒｅｓｅｎｔａｔｉｏｎ ,ｄｉａｇｎｏｓｔｉｃａｓｓｅｓｓｍｅｎｔａｎｄｔｒｅａｔｍｅｎｔｒｅｇｉｍｅｎｓｏｆｓｔｅｒｏｉｄ ｉｎｄｕｃｅｄｂｏｎｅｌｏｓｓ .Ｄａｔａｓｏｕｒｃｅｓ　ＡｎＥｎｇｌｉｓｈ ｌａｎｇｕａｇｅｌｉｔｅｒａｔｕｒｅｓｅａｒｃｈ(ＭＥＤＬＩＮＥ 1966- 1999)ａｎｄｂｉｂｌｉｏｇｒａｐｈｉｃｒｅｖｉｅｗｓｏｆｔｅｘｔｂｏｏｋｓａｎｄｒｅｖｉｅｗａｒｔｉｃｌｅｓ .Ｓｔｕｄｙｓｅｌｅｃｔｉｏｎ　Ｃｒｏｓｓ …     

Management of steroid-induced osteoporosis

Purpose To review the pathogenesis, clinical presentation, diagnostic assessment and treatment regimens of steroid-induced bone loss. Data sources An English-language literature search (MEDLINE 1966-1999) and bibliographic reviews of textbooks and review articles. Study selection Cross-sectional and prospective studies with BMD measurements or fracture rate. Results The greatest rate of bone loss occur during the first 6 to 12 months of steroid therapy, affecting trabecular more than cortical bone. High steroid dosage for a prolonged period, prevalent fracture, hypogonadism, older age, low calcium intake and family history of osteoporosis are risk factors for steroid-induced bone loss. Based on bone density results, patients with osteoporosis or osteopenia with a T-score below -1.5 should receive antiresorptive treatment during steroid therapy. Among the various antiresorptive agents, bisphosphonates have the strongest evidence of preventing steroid-induced bone loss. Conclusion The most important step in the management of steroid-induced osteoporosis is the proper assessment of the individual patient’s risk of bone loss, and the selection of appropriate anti-resorptive agent for each patient.     

Effect of fluoride and calcium on serum LPO in ovariectomized rats

目的　确定氟化物及钙对卵巢切除大鼠血清脂质过氧化物的影响。方法　 64只雌性Wistar大鼠 ,随机分为对照组 ,卵巢切除组 ,卵巢切除后单纯喂给氟组及卵巢切除后喂给氟加钙组。单纯给氟组卵巢切除后隔日喂给含氟化钠的水 ,氟离子的浓度分别是 2、4、6mg L ,氟加钙组则在喂给氟同时又加入等剂量的 90 0mg L的葡萄糖酸钙。喂养 6个月后 ,分组处死动物 ,用TBA法测定血清中的脂质过氧化物含量。结果　卵巢切除组 (OVX组 )大鼠血清中LPO含量明显高于假卵巢切除组 (Sham组 ) (P <0 .0 5 )。卵巢切除同时喂给不同剂量的氟及氟加钙组 ,即OVXF2 、OVXF4、OVXF6、OVXF2 Ca、OVXF4Ca、OVXF6Ca组大鼠血清LPO明显低于单纯卵巢切除组 (OVX组 ) (P <0 .0 1)。卵巢切除同时投给不同剂量的氟 ,即OVXF2 、OVXF4、OVXF6组与卵巢切除同时投给不同剂量的氟加钙 ,即OVXF2 Ca、OVXF4Ca、OVXF6Ca组比较大鼠血清LPO改变不明显 (P >0 .0 5 )。结论　卵巢切除骨质疏松大鼠血中LPO明显增高 ,加入不同剂量的氟及钙后改善了去势大鼠的脂质过氧化程度。提示氟化物及氟化物加钙在治疗骨质疏松方面可能提高了机体的抗氧化能力。     

绝经后阴道出血242例临床及病理分析

目的 探讨绝经后阴道出血的病因。方法 分析２４２例绝经后阴道出血并行诊断性乔宫的临床和病理资料。结果 绝经后阴道出血的主要病理诊断分另是功能性子宫内膜（６０．７３％）、炎症（２８．９２％）和恶性肿瘤（１０．３５％）。结论 内分泌紊乱性疾病是绝经后出血的常见病因,年老妇女恶性肿瘤发生率高。     

贵阳地区1?055例骨密度检测分析

采用日本阿洛卡公司双能量骨密测量仪,选择受检者桡骨远端１／３处为测量点,对贵阳地区１０５５例人群成人桡骨的骨密度进行测量,取得不同性别各年龄段的骨密度值,同时计算出贵阳地区成人桡骨各年龄段的骨密度均值及标准偏差。     

COEXISTENCE OF OSTEOARTHRITIS AND OSTEOPOROSIS INFEMORAL HEAD: A SCANNING ELECTRONMICROSCOPIC STUDY

ffeSUtn6 Objectif Detenniner ie cusistence d' ostdoarthrite et d' ostdope dans la tste du femur. liChen 12 femmes (age moron 56 ans )atteintes d' ortdoorthrite de la hanche, on a Prdlevd la tste du femur durant la substitutiontotale de l' articulation de leur hanche. APrds das traitements, Ies tstes du femur furent studioes sons ie microscope dlectroniqued belang (soon ). ~flats to lesions ostdcorthritiques de differents degrds (azractdrithe per ba digs~nce du cartilage articulaire et d' hyp…     

86例老年前期Ⅱ型糖尿病患者骨密度改变及其与中医证型的关系

采用双能 X线骨密度仪对 86例老年前期 型糖尿病 ( DM)患者 L1～ 4前后位骨密度 ( BMD)进行检测 ,计算了其中骨量减少及骨质疏松症的患病率 ,并分析了BMD及骨量减少、骨质疏松症的患病率同 DM中医证型的关系。结果表明 :DM组腰椎平均 BMD显著低于同年龄同性别正常对照组 ( P<0 .0 1 ) ;而骨量减少及骨质疏松症的患病率都显著高于对照组 ( P<0 .0 1 ) ;在 DM阴虚热盛、气阴两虚、阴阳两虚、血瘀气滞的 4个证型中 ,BMD呈现从高到低的变化趋势 ,但组间差异并不显著 ;4个证型中骨量减少症患病率阴虚热盛证型显著高于其它 3型 ( P<0 .0 5 ) ,而骨质疏松症患病率阴阳两虚证最高 ,且显著高于阴虚热盛证 ( P<0 .0 5 )。     

Bisphosphonate treatment at spondylo-ocular syndrome due to a novel compound heterozygote variant in XYLT2 and review of the literature

Spondylo-ocular syndrome is a rare autosomal recessive disorder characterized by generalized osteoporosis, hearing loss, visual impairment due to cataract, and platyspondyly. Previous studies have revealed that the syndrome is caused by pathogenic variants in the XYLT2 gene. A patient with spondylo-ocular syndrome and two heterozygous pathogenic variant in the XYLT2 gene in compound state are described here. The patient presented with osteoporosis, platyspondyly, ocular findings, hearing loss, kyphosis, scoliosis, facial findings, intellectual disability, and undescended testicles. Previous reports of bisphosphonate treatment response were variable, whereas a long-term follow-up with bisphosphonate treatment in this case resulted in normalization of vertebral structures. Reporting such cases helps to determine the appropriate genotype–phenotype correlation in patients with XYLT2-related pathogenesis.     

绝经前后妇女骨密度测定

目的研究妇女绝经后骨质疏松与雌激素的关系。方法收集了２５５例年龄在３２～７３岁之间的绝经前后的妇女。分成４组：月经正常、月经紊乱、自然绝经和人工绝经（双侧卵巢切除术）。用双能Ｘ线骨密度测定仪进行测量。结果妇女月经紊乱后,骨密度就明显下降,而绝经后的５年内显著下降。手术切除卵巢后,５年内骨密度也显著下降。结论绝经前切除卵巢或过早的闭经易导致骨质疏松,即妇女绝经后骨质疏松与雌激素下降有显著关系（Ｐ＜０．００１）。