PLF与PLIF治疗峡部裂性腰椎滑脱的疗效比较

目的对比研究后外侧融合(posterolateral fusion,PLF)与后路椎间融合(posterior lumbar interbody fusion,PLIF)治疗Ⅰ～Ⅱ度峡部裂性腰椎滑脱的疗效。方法76例采取植骨融合附加椎弓根内固定的手术方法,33例采用后外侧融合,其余采用椎间融合,比较两种植骨方式术后植骨融合率和临床症状改善情况。结果临床优良率分别为81．82％和88．37％,两者无显著性差异(P>0．05);骨融合率分别为75．76％和90．7％,两者有显著性差异(P<0．05)。结论后外侧融合与椎间融合治疗Ⅰ～Ⅱ度峡部裂性腰椎滑脱的疗效相似,无明显差别。     

Reconstruction of the Posterolateral Corner of the Knee Using LaPrade and Modified Larson Technique: A Prospective Study

BackgroundPosterolateral corner (PLC) injuries of the knee are often overlooked for its complex anatomy, and frequent association with cruciate ligament injuries. Overlooked injuries lead to reconstruction failure of cruciate ligaments, chronic knee pain and early arthritic changes. Many reconstruction methods are described, but the best treatment still remains elusive. In this study, we have treated grade-III PLC injuries by the ‘anatomic LaPrade’ technique and the ‘fibula-based Modified Larson’ technique, and evaluated their outcomes. Our hypothesis was that both the groups will have similar improvements after surgery.MethodsAn open-label prospective comparative study was done with a total of 28 patients from August 2013 to July 2019. Patients were treated alternatively by LaPrade or Modified Larson technique using hamstring autografts. Follow-up visits were done at sixth week and subsequently at 3, 6, 12, 18 and 24 months postoperatively. Outcomes were measured by Dial Test, side-to-side difference in lateral opening on varus stress radiographs, Lysholm score and IKDC subjective score.ResultsDuring analysis, we considered 25 patients only as three patients were lost to follow-up. Both the groups had comparable improvements in rotational stability, lateral opening on varus stress, Lysholm score and IKDC subjective score.ConclusionBoth LaPrade and Modified Larson technique showed good clinical results in restoring varus and rotational stability of knee in grade-III posterolateral corner injury of the knee.Level of evidenceII (prospective, comparative study)     

Posterolateral reconstruction of the knee: a tunnel technique for proximal fixation

Posterolateral reconstruction of the knee joint is a challenging task. There are different surgical techniques and various methods of graft fixation. We describe a tunnel technique for proximal fixation of autogenous semitendinosus and gracilis graft at the lateral epicondyle of the femur with a Bio-fix interference screw. It gives biological fixation and avoids the problem of hardware irritation.     

单侧椎弓根固定椎体间融合加后外侧融合治疗复发性腰椎间盘突出短期疗效观察

目的：探讨单侧经椎弓根螺钉固定椎体间融合和后外侧融合治疗复发性腰椎间盘突出的有效性。方法：将26例复发性腰椎间盘突出患者随机均分为单侧固定组及双侧固定组;在椎体间融合和后外侧融合的基础上,单侧组仅行手术节段单侧椎弓根固定、双侧组行手术节段双侧固定。对比分析两组患者的手术时间、出血量、住院时间、医疗费用,以及术前和术后1个月视觉模拟（VAS）评分及Os-westry Disability Index（ODI）评分。结果：单侧固定组手术时间、出血量、住院时间和医疗费用均低于双侧固定组（P〈0．05）。两组手术后VAS评分及ODI评分均较术前有明显改善（P〈0．05）,两组之间术前或术后VAS评分及ODI评分比较,差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）。结论：单侧椎弓螺钉固定椎体间融合和后外侧融合治疗复发性腰椎间盘突出的临床疗效与双侧固定临床疗效相似,但是单侧固定减少了手术时间、出血量、住院时间及医疗费用,减少了内植物置入时的风险。     

两种融合方式治疗腰椎滑脱的比较

目的对比研究后外侧融合与后路椎间融合治疗Ⅰ～Ⅱ度腰椎滑脱的疗效。方法57例采取植骨融合附加椎弓根内固定的手术方法,29例采用后外侧融合,其余采用椎间融合,比较两种植骨方式术后植骨融合率和临床症状改善情况。结果临床优良率分别为83.82%、86.37%,两者无显著性差异（P〉0.05）;骨融合率分别为75.76%、90.7%,两者有显著性差异（P〈0.05）。结论后外侧融合与椎间融合治疗Ⅰ～Ⅱ度腰椎滑脱的疗效相似,后外侧更容易出现断钉的现象,椎间植骨融合优于后外侧融合。     

Avulsion of the fibular head post-total knee replacement

We report a case of an avulsion of part of the fibular head during a primary total knee replacement for osteoarthritis. Post-operatively the patient developed a foot-drop. However, there was no clinically demonstrable instability of the knee. The patient was managed conservatively, the foot-drop recovered completely and the knee remained clinically stable. We observed that excessive hyperextension and/or a varus strain on the knee during pressurisation while cementing could have led to the injury. We advise caution while using this manoeuvre for pressurisation. This is the first injury of its kind reported in the literature.     

两种融合方式治疗腰椎滑脱的比较

目的对比研究后外侧融合与后路椎间融合治疗Ⅰ～Ⅱ度腰椎滑脱的疗效。方法57例采取植骨融合附加椎弓根内固定的手术方法,29例采用后外侧融合,其余采用椎间融合,比较两种植骨方式术后植骨融合率和临床症状改善情况。结果临床优良率分别为83.82%、86.37%,两者无显著性差异(P>0.05);骨融合率分别为75.76%、90.7%,两者有显著性差异(P<0.05)。结论后外侧融合与椎间融合治疗Ⅰ～Ⅱ度腰椎滑脱的疗效相似,后外侧更容易出现断钉的现象,椎间植骨融合优于后外侧融合。     

A biomechanical analysis of two reconstructive approaches to the posterolateral corner of the knee

The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of the biceps femoris tenodesis and popliteofibular ligament reconstruction on knee biomechanics. Ten human cadaveric knees were tested in the intact, posterolateral corner (PLC)-deficient, and PLC-reconstructed conditions using a robotic/universal force moment sensor testing system. The knees were subjected to: (1) a 134 N posterior tibial load, and (2) a 10 Nm external tibial torque applied to the tibia at full extension, 30° and 90° of flexion. External tibial rotation of the intact knee ranged from 18.3±4.6° at full extension to 27.9±4.6° at 30° under the 10 Nm external tibial torque. These values increased after sectioning the PLC by 2.8°–7.5° at 30° and 90° respectively. After the popliteofibular ligament reconstruction, external tibial rotation values were not significantly different from those for the intact knee at any angle tested, while values following the biceps tenodesis were as much as 5.7° greater than the intact knee. Under the 134 N posterior tibial load, there were minimal decreases in posterior tibial translation of up to 0.9 mm with the biceps tenodesis and up to 1.6 mm with the popliteofibular ligament reconstruction compared to the intact knee. The in situ forces in the biceps tenodesis were not significantly different than the intact PLC at full extension or 30°, while the in situ forces in the popliteofibular graft were not significantly different at any flexion angle. Our data suggests that by restoring external tibial rotation the popliteofibular ligament reconstruction more closely reproduces the primary function of the PLC as compared to the biceps tenodesis.     

60. Die veraltete posterolaterale Rotationsinstabilität des Kniegelenkes —Therapie und Ergebnisse

Zusammenfassung Von 1980 bis 1983 wurden 25 Patienten mit einer veralteten posterolateralen Knieinstabilität durch die Versetzung des Epicondylus lateralis femoris nach Hughston behandelt. 19 Patienten konnten 1–3,5 Jahre postoperativ nachkontrolliert werden. Subjektiv fühlten sich 13 Patienten erheblich verbessert und objektiv war das hintere Schubladenzeichen in Außenrotationsstellung des Fußes in 14 Fällen um 1–2 Grad reduziert und in 5 Fällen beseitigt. Die zusätzliche Varusinstabilität wurde durch die mitdurchgeführte Tractopexie lediglich reduziert.     

Radiographic evaluation of posterolateral lumbar fusion for degenerative spondylolisthesis: long-term follow-up of more than 10 years vs. midterm follow-up of 2–5 years

Although posterolateral fusion of the lumbar spine without instrumentation has been widely performed for spinal instability caused by degenerative spondylolisthesis in the lumbar spine, few long-term follow-up studies have been reported. We studied ten patients who underwent posterolateral fusion for degenerative spondylolisthesis in the lumbar spine without instrumentation in our hospital, five of whom were followed up for more than 10 years and the other five for 2–5 years. We used radiography to examine their fusion status, instability and degenerative changes at the fusion level, change in the slip, change in lumbar lordosis, and instability and degenerative changes one level above and one level below the fusion. In most of the ten patients, radiographic evaluation demonstrated solid fusion, minimal degenerative changes, and preservation of lumbar lordosis and spinal mobility. Posterolateral lumbar fusion for degenerative spondylolisthesis in the lumbar spine seems promising for obtaining not only good radiographic features but also good clinical results lasting over more than 10 years. Electronic Publication