Use of the KTP-532 Laser in Acoustic Neuroma Surgery

The potassium titanyl phosphate (KTP-532) laser has been applied to otologic surgery with a proven record of both safety and efficacy. The aim of this study was to demonstrate the use, safety, and advantages of laser dissection in the surgical treatment of acoustic neuromas. The authors' experience with 111 patients in whom laser surgery was used in acoustic neuroma is presented, with emphasis on surgical technique employed and facial nerve functional outcome. The method of laser dissection did not result in deleterious neurologic sequelae or laser-specific complications. In addition, laser dissection afforded certain advantages to traditional techniques, especially in larger tumors. The facial nerve functional outcome as assessed by the House-Brackmann grading system revealed that 90.2% of small tumors, 72.2% of medium tumors, and 75.0% of large tumors achieved satisfactory (grades I and II) functional results. These results compare favorably with the literature describing nonlaser dissection techniques. The observations and results reported in this article demonstrate the safety of the KTP-532 laser in the posterior cranial fossa, and specific advantages that this technology may offer to the surgical armamentarium of the neuro-otologist are outlined.     

Primary pleomorphic adenoma in posterior cranial fossa

A 35-year-old woman had an intradural tumor in the posterior fossa adjacent to the posterior wall of the left pyramidal bone, which was totally removed and histologically diagnosed as a pleomorphic adenoma. Follow-up examination for 2 years showed no recurrence of the tumor. There was no primary lesion in any other gland of the body, and therefore there is no alternative but to conclude a “migration” of some gland cells. The pathogenesis of this tumor remains unclassified.     

Incomplete hypospadiac urethral duplication with posterior urethral valves

Urethral duplication (UD) is an uncommon malformation. Obstruction rarely occurs in hypospadiac UD. We describe two children with incomplete hypospadiac UD in association with posterior urethral valves, a combination not previously recognised. The embryonic significance of this anomaly is discussed. Accepted: 30 September 1997     

MRI of the brain in cerebrotendinous xanthomatosis (van Bogaert-Scherer-Epstein disease)

The clinical, biochemical and magnetic resonance imaging findings of two patients with cerebrotendinous xanthomatosis are reported. This is a rare hereditary disease. Early recognition of this entity is important in view of the existing treatment possibilities. Magnetic resonance imaging findings typically include a bilateral and almost symmetrical increase of the signal intensity on the T2-weighted images in the cerebellar and periventricular cerebral white matter, the basal ganglia, the dentate nuclei and the brainstem as well as cerebellar and cerebral atrophy. Received: 18 January 1999; Revised: 3 June 1999; Accepted: 7 June 1999     

不同丙烯酸材料的人工晶状体对后发性白内障的影响

目的 探讨三种不同的丙烯酸材料的人工晶状体应用于白内障超声乳化吸除联合人工晶状体植入术后对后发性白内障的影响作用.方法 超声乳化白内障吸除联合人工晶状体植入术的960例白内障患者(964只眼),Sensar组310只眼,Acrysof三片组332只眼,Acrysof一片组322只眼,术后定期随访18～28个月,观察视力、后发性白障的发生情况.结果 术后随访24月时,发生1级以上后囊膜混浊SensarIOL组的发生率(13.5%),明显高于Acrysof一片式IOL组及Acrysof三片式IOL组的发生率(7.5%,3.7%).经卡方检验,P值均<0.05,有显著性差异,而Acrysof三片式IOL组后囊膜混浊的发生率较Aerysof 一片式IOL组高,P<0.05.结论 AcrySof丙烯酸式一片式人工晶状体植入后出现后发性白内障的发生率在三组中最低.可以减少后发性白内障的发生降低Nd:YAG激光的使用率,提高手术效果,是现代白内障手术可选择的理想的人工晶状体.     

医学仪器未来发展的一种崭新模式——述评可穿戴传感技术和相关系统的研发

随着医学模式的转变，传统医学仪器已难以适应其发展需求，可穿戴传感技术和相关系统的研发，是突破传统设计的重大尝试。本刊以此为专题组织了五篇论文，希望能给我国医疗器械行业企业决策者、设计人员以启迪，旨在激励业界审时度势，抓住这一难得的机遇，努力创新开发，以满足我国民众对医疗卫生保健市场的巨大需求，从而开创医疗器械产业的崭新局面。     

退变性腰椎管狭窄症伴Ⅰ度滑脱的手术治疗

目的观察退变性腰椎管狭窄症伴Ⅰ度滑脱经椎弓根钉系统及腰椎管减压融合内固定术的治疗效果。方法回顾分析退变性腰椎管单平面狭窄症伴Ⅰ度滑脱病例56例，患者平均年龄63．4岁，平均病程51个月。病变节段：L4-5，40例，L5-S1 16例。手术方式采用全椎板减压加植骨融合及椎弓根钉内固定，术后功能采用北美脊柱外科协会的腰椎功能障碍指数（Oswestry Disability Index）评定。结果本组35例获得随访，随访时间8个月～4年，平均随访27个月。术后改善率为优26例、良5例、可3例、差1例，优良率为88．6％。随访过程中3个月内植骨融合者29例（包括5例椎间植骨融合者），6个月内植骨融合4例，出现假关节2例，其中1例发生内固定断裂。结论对退变性腰椎管狭窄症伴Ⅰ度滑脱，采用椎管减压植骨融合内固定术，短期内可保证脊柱融合，达到稳定脊柱、解除症状的目的。     

糖冠康胶囊对糖尿病性冠心病大鼠缺血心肌保护作用的研究

目的:探讨糖冠康胶囊对糖尿病性冠心病大鼠急性缺血心肌的保护作用机制.方法:将大鼠随机分为空白组及丹参对照组,将四氧嘧啶性糖尿病大鼠随机分为5组:分别为模型组,美吡达组,糖冠康胶囊高,中,低剂量组.大鼠灌胃4周后,制作垂体后叶性急性心肌缺血模型,测定各组大鼠血糖、血脂、血清胰岛素、糖化血清蛋白及心电图的改变.结果:糖冠康对糖尿病性冠心病大鼠具有明显的降血糖、降血脂作用;明显对抗T波及ST段的升高;明显降低心肌酶的大量释放.结论:实验研究证明,糖冠康胶囊对糖尿病性冠心病心肌缺血有保护作用.