下肢骨折伴肌腱修复术后的系统康复治疗的疗效观察

目的:探讨下肢骨折伴肌腱修复术后康复程序康复效果.方法:利用康复评定系统,根据不同部位的肌腱损伤制定不同的康复程序,对30例下肢骨折伴肌腱修复术后膝关节为主僵硬生活不便的患者进行系统康复治疗.结果:下肢股四头肌和胫前肌肌力增加提高率达75％和68％,大腿和小腿围增粗提高率达65％和69％,膝关节活动范围增大提高率达82％和91％,下肢长度增长提高率达71％,日常生活能力提高率达87％.结论:下肢骨折伴肌腱修复术后制定个体化康复程序,早期主动和被动运动以及加强肌肉后负荷运动,可以明显改善患者下肢功能.     

BMP‐2 mediates PGE2‐induced reduction of proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of human tendon stem cells

Tendon stem cells (TSCs) have been proposed to play a major role in the development of tendinopathy, which refers to pathological changes, such as calcification, in affected tendons. Using a human TSC (hTSC) culture model, this study investigated the effects of PGE₂, an inflammatory mediator present in injured tendons, on hTSC proliferation and differentiation as well as the molecular mediator for such PGE₂‐induced effects. We found that PGE₂ treatment of hTSCs decreased cell proliferation and caused osteogenic differentiation of hTSCs in a dose‐dependent manner. Also, PGE₂ treatment of hTSCs induced dose‐dependent BMP‐2 production in culture, and moreover, addition of BMP‐2 to hTSC culture decreased cell proliferation and induced hTSC differentiation into osteoblasts. Finally, addition of BMP‐2 antibodies to hTSC culture treated with PGE₂ nearly abolished PGE₂ effects on both cell proliferation and osteogenic differentiation. Taken together, the findings of this study showed that BMP‐2 mediates PGE₂‐induced reduction of proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of hTSCs. We suggest that such a mechanism may be partially responsible for the formation of calcified tissues in tendinopathic tendons seen in clinical settings. © 2011 Orthopaedic Research Society Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 30:47–52, 2012     

急性跟腱断裂术后早期功能锻炼与制动的Meta分析

目的 对急性跟腱断裂术后早期功能锻炼与制动的疗效进行Meta分析. 方法 按照Cochrane系统评价方法,计算机检索MEDLINE(1966年至2011年1月)、EMbase(1966年至2011年1月),Cochrane图书馆(2011年第1期)、Cochrane协作网肌骨创伤组试验数据库(2011年1月)和中国生物医学文献数据库(1978年1月至2011年1月),手工检索中文骨科期刊的相关文献(创刊至2011年1月),收集急性跟腱断裂术后早期功能锻炼与制动的所有相关随机对照试验(RCTs)及半随机对照试验(CCTs),提取有效数据采用RevMan 4.2.8进行Meta分析,以比较急性跟腱断裂术后早期功能锻炼与制动的术后满意率、跟腱再次断裂发生率、感染率、并发症发生率、术后6周跟腱延长率、术后12周跟腱延长度的评价、小腿肌力、踝关节活动度的差异.结果 共纳入4个RCTs,3个CCTs.Meta分析显示,与术后制动相比,急性跟腱断裂术后早期功能锻炼的满意率增加(RR=1.27,95％ CI(1.01,1.61),P=0.04),术后并发症发生率降低[RR =0.43,95％ CI (0.22,0.83),P=0.01],差异有统计学意义;而两种方法术后跟腱再次断裂发生率[RR=0.59,95％ CI (0.20,1.80),P=0.92]、术后感染率[RR=0.70,95％ CI (0.26,1.86),P=0.48]、术后6周[SMD=1.50,95％ CI(-3.40,6.40)]和12周跟腱延长度[SMD=- 0.25,95％ CI(- 5.64,5.14)l及踝关节活动度无显著差异. 结论 与术后制动相比,急性跟腱断裂术后早期功能锻炼提高患者满意率,降低并发症发生率,且不会增加跟腱再次断裂和感染的风险,对术后6周和12周跟腱延长度、小腿肌力和踝关节活动度无明显影响.     

双克氏针内固定治疗指伸肌腱止点撕脱骨折

目的 探讨伴有远节指骨基底背侧撕脱性骨折的指伸肌腱止点损伤的治疗方法.方法 收治伴有远节指骨基底背侧撕脱性骨折的指伸肌腱止点损伤患者24例,其中开放伤性损伤3例,闭合性损伤21例,最大骨折块波及大于1/3关节面.在C臂机直视下,采用双克氏针内固定骨折块和远指间关节.术后4周后拔出克氏针,用指套固定6周,对远指间关节的屈伸活动范围及X线片表现进行评价.结果 术后随访时间6～ 12个月,锤状指畸形消失,术后均无疼痛及感觉障碍;X线正侧位片示撕脱骨折块均已解剖复位并愈合.采用Dargan功能评定:优17例,良6例,可1例.结论 双克氏针内固定法治疗合并骨折的指伸肌腱止点损伤效果满意.     

Palmaris profundus tendon prohibiting endoscopic carpal tunnel release: case report

Palmaris profundus is an aberrant muscle of forearm and wrist anatomy. It has no discernible function, but its tendon has been implicated as a cause of carpal tunnel syndrome. Previously, all cases of palmaris profundus in the literature have been encountered during either open surgery or cadaveric dissection. We report a case of palmaris profundus encountered during attempted single-portal endoscopic carpal tunnel release, necessitating conversion to an open approach. There was a unique point of tendon insertion onto the undersurface of the transverse carpal ligament, more proximal than what has been previously described in the literature. There were other anomalies present as well, including a persistent median artery and bifid median nerve. Given the volar position of the structure, its proximal point of insertion, and its minimal bulk, we did not feel that this was the cause of our patient's carpal tunnel syndrome.     

跟健龙治疗急性跟腱断裂的近期临床疗效

目的:探讨应用跟健龙吻合器治疗急性跟腱断裂的临床效果。方法:自2009年4月至2010年4月,应用跟健龙治疗19例急性跟腱断裂,男17例,女2例;年龄30～58岁,平均40.2岁;运动伤17例,摔伤2例;受伤至手术时间0～8d,平均2.2d。所有患者术前Thompson试验、单足提锺试验为阳性。术后采用患者满意度和美国足踝外科协会(AOFAS)踝与后足评分对跟腱恢复情况进行评估。结果:所有患者获随访,时间12～28个月,平均19.9个月。平均手术时间41min,所有切口Ⅰ期愈合,无感染、局部不良反应、跟腱再断裂、腓肠神经损伤等并发症发生。18例对手术结果满意,1例感觉一般(跑步时感觉轻度疼痛),至最终随访时所有患者对工作及生活满意。小腿中段周径萎缩平均(0.82±0.85)cm(0～3.0cm)。最终随访AOFAS评分平均(98.42±3.29)分(89～100分)。结论:跟健龙装置治疗急性跟腱断裂安全有效,并发症发生率低,术后可早期功能锻炼,是治疗闭合性跟腱断裂的较好方法。     

腘绳肌腱结合双固定技术重建前交叉韧带

目的探讨采用腘绳肌腱股骨端胫骨端双固定技术重建前交叉韧带(ACL)的可行性及近期疗效。方法对25例ACL损伤行关节镜下ACL重建术,采用笔者自行设计双监视法解剖等长重建技术建立股骨胫骨隧道。移植物股骨端用Endobutton钢板和Rigidfix固定,胫骨端用Bio-Intrafix和Stample门形加压钉固定。结果本组获随访12～18(13.76±1.61)个月,未发现滑膜炎、韧带断裂、活动度明显障碍等并发症。根据Lysholm膝关节功能评分,术前评分:20～48(31.32±8.71)分;术后1年评分:90～98(94.96±2.56)分(t=37.69,P<0.01)。结论在腘绳肌腱重建ACL中应用股骨端胫骨端双固定技术具有手术操作简便,固定牢固,效果可靠的优点,值得推广。     

Transosseous arthroscopic repair of partial articular-surface supraspinatus tendon tears

Partial articular-surface tendon avulsion (PASTA) lesions of the supraspinatus muscle represent a common cause for shoulder impairment and a preceding pathology for full-thickness tendon tears. Arthroscopic tendon repair is a possible surgical method of treatment. The purposes of cuff repair are anatomical tendon healing, prevention of tear size progression to completion and reduction of shoulder pain. In this report, we describe a transtendon arthroscopic technique of transosseous refixation of articular-side partial tears leaving the bursal layer of the supraspinatus tendon intact. A curved hollow needle is used to perform an all arthroscopic transosseous mattress suture. Thus, anatomical tendon-to-bone contact of the rotator cuff to the footprint is restored. Preliminary clinical results of 16 patients are convincing with significant pain relief and functional improvement.     

Endoscopic calcaneoplasty combined with Achilles tendon repair

Endoscopic calcaneoplasty is a minimally invasive technique for resection of inflamed retrocalcaneal bursa as well as the posterosuperior part of the calcaneus. A relative contra-indication for this technique is a tear of the Achilles tendon. In this report, we describe the treatment of a patient with Haglund’s deformity associated with a tear of the Achilles tendon. Both the lesions are treated endoscopically. The technique is described and the pitfalls are discussed.     

V-Y肌腱瓣修补术治疗陈旧性跟腱断裂

目的 研究V—Y肌腱瓣修补术治疗陈旧性跟腱断裂的手术方法及结果。方法 对9例平均112d的陈旧性跟腱断裂患，采用小腿三头肌V—Y肌腱瓣修补术治疗修补缺损为3．2～6cm，平均4．6cm。结果 平均随访2年8个月，按Arner-Lindholm疗效评定标准评估，优7例(77．8％)，良2例(22．2％)，优良率为100％。结论 对于陈旧性跟腱断裂，小腿三头肌V—Y肌腱瓣修补术足一种方法简单、疗效满意的手术方法。