血栓通联合吡拉西坦对缺血性脑卒中患者中医证候评分、神经功能及血清NPY、Hcy水平的影响

目的:观察血栓通联合吡拉西坦对缺血性脑卒中患者中医证候评分、神经功能及血清NPY、Hcy水平的影响.方法:以112例缺血性脑卒中患者为研究对象,随机分为对照组56例、观察组56例.对照组对症治疗基础上予吡拉西坦注射液治疗,观察组在对照组基础上加用血栓通注射液治疗,比较两组治疗效果及治疗前后中医证候积分、神经功能、血清神...     

吡拉西坦联合颅内血肿微创清除术治疗脑出血的效果观察

目的 探讨吡拉西坦联合颅内血肿微创清除术治疗脑出血的临床效果。方法 纳入44例行颅内血肿微创清除术治疗的脑出血患者为对照组,44例行吡拉西坦联合颅内血肿微创清除术治疗的脑出血患者为观察组,比较两组的神经功能和认知功能。结果 治疗后,两组的NIHSS评分均显著低于治疗前,MoCA评分均显著高于治疗前（P <0.05）;观察组的NIHSS评分显著低于对照组,MoCA评分显著高于对照组（P <0.05）。结论 吡拉西坦联合颅内血肿微创清除术治疗脑出血效果显著,可有效促进患者神经功能和认知功能恢复。     

The Effects of Piracetam on Lipofuscin of the Rat Cerebellar and Hippocampal Neurons after Long-Term Alcohol Treatment and Withdrawal: A Quantitative Study

There is a growing body of evidence indicating that chronic alcohol consumption induces morphological changes in the central nervous system (CNS) similar to those observed during brain senescence, including an increased formation of lipofuscin. In addition, it was also found that alcohol withdrawal does not reverse these changes. On the contrary, most of the alterations observed during alcohol consumption worsen as happens with the increased lipofuscin formation. Thus, using our model of alcohol feeding and withdrawal, we decided to examine the effects of different drugs said to offer neuronal protection during CNS degenerative processes. The action of piracetam, a cyclic derivate of GABA and commonly used as a nootropic agent, was tested by studying the lipofuscin accumulation on the cerebellar Purkinje and hippocampal CA3 pyramidal cells in alcohol-treated and withdrawn rats. Piracetam was found to markedly decrease the formation of neuronal lipofuscin. Whatever the functional implications of this pigment, its reduction in piracetam-treated animals might be related either to a protective effect on the intraneuronal membranous system or to an antioxidant property of this molecule.     

吡拉西坦有关物质的合成

目的 研究吡拉西坦1个有关物质的合成方法.方法 以4-氨基丁酸为起始原料,经过酯化、磺酰化等6步反应制得中间体4-[N-(9-芴甲氧基羰基)-N-(氨甲酰甲基)]氨基丁酸,最后经哌啶水解生成4-(N-氨甲酰甲基)氨基丁酸.结果 最终产物经核磁共振氢谱(1H-NMR)和质谱(MS)确证结构.结论 本研究合成了1个吡拉西坦的有关物质,作为吡拉西坦的质量研究的重要参照物.     

吡拉西坦联合丁苯酞软胶囊治疗腔隙性脑梗死合并血管性认知功能障碍观察

摘 要 目的：观察吡啦西坦片联合丁苯酞软胶囊治疗腔隙性脑梗死（LI）合并血管性认知功能障碍（VCI）的临床疗效及安全性。方法: 87例LI合并VCI患者随机分为对照组（44例）和观察组（43例）。对照组单用吡拉西坦片（1.2 g tid）,观察组联用吡拉西坦片（1.2 g tid）和丁苯酞软胶囊（0.2 g qid）,疗程均为30 d。观察两组患者MMSE积分、SOD含量变化,比较两组疗效和药品不良反应。结果: 两组患者治疗后MMSE积分、血清SOD水平均较前升高（P<0.01）,且观察组优于对照组（P＜0.05和P<0.01）。观察组总有效率86.05%,高于对照组的75.00%（P＜0.05）。结论:吡拉西坦联用丁苯酞可有效改善LI合并VCI的认知功能损害,可能是通过提高SOD水平实现的。     

Antimyoclonic efficacy of piracetam in idiopathic generalized epilepsy

Piracetam, a derivative of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA), has been used extensively for treatment of myoclonus in a variety of conditions, but not in patients with idiopathic generalized epilepsy (IGE). We have treated a patient with juvenile myoclonic epilepsy who had frequent and inconvenient morning myoclonus with 3,200 mg of piracetam daily. She had had only two generalized tonic-clonic seizures, with the last seizure 10 years earlier. Her obesity precluded the use of sodium valproate. She had a dramatic response to piracetam with sustained cessation of myoclonus and no side effects during 1.5 years' follow-up. Further trials of piracetam for control of myoclonus in patients with IGE are justified.     

吡拉西坦联合盐酸多奈哌齐对血管性认知障碍患者MMSE评分和日常生活能力的影响

目的观察吡拉西坦联合盐酸多奈哌齐治疗血管性认知障碍(VCI)患者的临床疗效。方法选取2018-03—2020-02安阳市人民医院收治VCI患者114例为研究对象,按随机数表法分为联合组及对照组各57例。对照组患者给予单纯吡拉西坦治疗,联合组患者给予吡拉西坦联合盐酸多奈哌齐治疗,观察治疗前后2组认知功能、日常生活能力、血液生化指标[一氧化氮(NO)、同型半胱氨酸(Hcy)、内皮素(ET)]水平。结果治疗3个月后,联合组MMSE评分、NO水平明显高于治疗前及同期对照组(P<0.05);联合组ADL评分、Hcy、ET水平明显低于治疗前及同期对照组(P<0.05)。结论吡拉西坦联合盐酸多奈哌齐治疗VCI能够改善患者ET、NO水平,减轻脑损伤。     

多奈哌齐治疗老年血管性痴呆的系统评价

目的 系统评价多奈哌齐治疗老年血管性痴呆的有效性与安全性.方法 计算机检索CNKI、CBM、VIP、WanFang Data、PubMed和Cochrane Library,同时手检相关期刊和会议论文集,检索时间均从建库至2010年5月,查找有关多奈哌齐治疗老年血管性痴呆的随机对照试验.按照纳入与排除标准选择文献、提取...     

Silymarin improves the behavioural, biochemical and histoarchitecture alterations in focal ischemic rats: a comparative evaluation with piracetam and protocatachuic acid

Comparative neuroprotective potential of silymarin, piracetam and protocatechuic acid ethyl ester (PCA) was evaluated in focal ischemic rats. Various pharmacological, biochemical (lipid peroxidation, reduced glutathione, catalase, nitrite content, brain water content) and behavioural (memory impairment, motor control, neurological score) including infarct size and histopathological alterations were evaluated. Silymarin (200 mg/kg) and PCA treatment significantly improved behavioural, biochemical and histopathological changes, and reduced water content and infarct size. However, piracetam only improved behavioural and histopathological changes, reduced water content and infarct size. The findings indicate that silymarin exhibits neuroprotective activity better than PCA and piracetam in focal ischemia/reperfusion reflected by its better restoration of behavioural and antioxidant profile.     

Piracetam, an AMPAkine drug, facilitates memory consolidation in the day-old chick

Piracetam is an AMPAkine drug that may have a range of different mechanisms at the cellular level, and which has been shown to facilitate memory, amongst its other effects. This series of experiments demonstrated that a 10 mg/kg dose of piracetam facilitated memory consolidation in the day-old chick when injected from immediately until 120 min after weak training (i.e. using a 20% v/v concentration of methyl anthranilate) with the passive avoidance learning task. Administration of piracetam immediately after training led to memory facilitation which lasted for up to 24 h following training. This dose of the AMPAkine was not shown to facilitate memory reconsolidation. These findings support the contention that application of the AMPAkine piracetam facilitates memory using a weak training task, and extend the range of actions previously noted with NMDA-related agents to those which also facilitate the AMPA receptor.