用 ~(32)P~(45)Ca 双示踪方法研究大骨节病区粮喂养大白鼠钙磷代谢的变化

本文用~(32)P、~(45)Ca 双示踪技术研究大骨节病区粮喂养大白鼠的钙、磷代谢。结果表明:病区粮喂养动物的骨、软骨~(32)P、~(45)Ca 沉积减少,骨钙、磷含量显著增大,软骨磷脂、硫酸软骨素含量降低、胶元量增高。说明病区组动物发生了钙、磷代谢紊乱,有过早老化现象,并提出其改变的初步分析和可能有关的因素。病区粮加硒后,骨、软骨~(32)P 沉积率明显增高,软骨磷脂含量增加,骨磷量有所减少,而钙代谢无明显变化。表明硒与磷代谢有关。     

钙、磷与维生素D对动物骨代谢的影响研究进展

动物机体骨代谢持续终生，包括骨形成和骨吸收两个生化过程。钙和磷是骨骼的重要物质成分。机体对钙和磷的摄入量及摄入比例直接影响到骨代谢。而维生素D除了可以通过调控钙、磷的吸收和代谢而间接影响到机体骨代谢外，还可以对骨代谢起到直接作用。     

~（32）P－玻璃微球子宫动脉灌注治疗宫颈癌的初步研究

对６例中晚期外生型子宫颈癌患者行腹膜外盆腔淋巴结清扫术加子宫动脉３２Ｐ－玻璃微球（３２Ｐ－ＧＭＳ）灌注术，照射剂量６０００～８０００ｃＧｙ，术后３周局部肿瘤脱落。表明３２Ｐ－ＧＭＳ可引起局部内照射及栓塞作用，患者无全身不良反应，无骨髓抑制及肝肾功能损害。灌注后４～５周，对４例行广泛性子宫切除术及腹主动脉旁淋巴结活检，２例作了外照射。本组患者随访１～１．５年均存活。３２Ｐ－ＧＭｓ治疗宫颈癌安全、可靠、一次性完成，对工作人员无辐射危险。     

骨质疏松大鼠胫骨元素含量变化及相关性研究

目的：观察骨质疏松症骨骼中元素含量量变化及其相互的关系。方法：10月龄雌性SD大鼠切除双侧卵巢（去卵巢模型组），并设假手术组，7个月后取胫骨，原子吸收分光光度法测定Ca、P、Mg、Zn、Mn、Fe、Cu、Co、Mo和Cr含量，并对各元素的含量之间进行一元回归分析。结果：骨质疏松症模型大鼠胫骨除Ca、P和Mg等常量元素分别下降6．6％（P＜0．05）、6．3％（P＜0．05）和14．9％（P＜0．01）以外，微量元素Zn和Fe分别下降15．2％（P＜0．01）和35．1％（P＜0．01），Mo和Cr分别下降12．2％（P＞0．05）和14．0％（P＞0．05），而Mn、Cu和Co则无明显改变；Mg、Mn和Zn等元素含量与Ca、P经一元回归分析具有显著的相关性。结论：去卵巢骨质疏松症模型大鼠骨骼Ca、P、Mg、Zn和Fe等含量明显下降。     

Haemodynamics and myocardial metabolism of phosphorus depleted dogs: effects of catecholamines and angiotensin II

The responses of arterial pressure and myocardial contractile force (VPM) to infusion of angiotensin II, noradrenaline and orciprenaline were examined in twelve dogs during a control phase, after 30 days of dietary phosphorus deprivation and after 21 days of phosphorus repletion. In the phosphorus depletion period, animals had low skeletal and heart muscle Pi content, low magnesium, ATP and creatine phosphate in skeletal and heart muscle with no change of ADP, AMP or energy charge. In the basal state, VPM was diminished with no change of end-diastolic and systolic pressure. Infusion of angiotensin II caused a significantly smaller rise of arterial pressure (angiotensin II resistance), and the stimulatory effect of noradrenaline and orciprenaline on VPM was diminished (catecholamine resistance). These effects were reversible with Pi repletion. In phosphorus depletion, arterial concentrations were increased for lactate, unchanged for FFA and decreased for acetoacetate/beta-hydroxybutyrate. Unchanged myocardial extraction of lactate or beta-hydroxybutyrate and preserved cell Pi uptake for glycogenolysis were observed. The initial rate of uptake of calcium and concentrating ability of myocardial sarcoplasmic reticulum were unchanged.     

三硝基甲苯,铅,黄磷接触者唾液咖啡因清除率的改变

分别暴露三硝基甲苯（ＴＮＴ）、铅、黄磷的工人，空腹口服１７０ｍｇ咖啡因，约８ｈ后收集唾液，用ＨＰＬＣ法测定咖啡因含量，根据药动学公式求出唾液咖啡因清除率（ＳＣＬｃａ），同时测定其它肝功能指标。结果表明，对照组（２７例）ＳＣＬｃａ为１３４．３±５９．７ｍｇ／ｍｉｎ，ＴＮＴ接触者（３７例）为６６．５±３３．８ｍｌ／ｍｉｎ，铅接触者（３４例）为６４．１±３０．３ｍｌ／ｍｉｎ，黄磷接触者（３８例）为１４９．９±６８．７ｍｌ／ｍｉｎ。ＴＮＴ和铅接触者ＳＣＬｃａ下降（Ｐ＜０．０１），说明接触者肝代谢功能下降。黄磷接触者ＳＣＬｃａ与对照组相比差别无显著性。以对照组ＳＣＬｃａ９５％可信限作正常范围，３种接触者ＳＣＬｃａ的异常检出率均比血清谷雨转氨酶（ＳＧＰＴ）和ｒ－谷氨酸转肽酶（ｒ—ＧＴ）异常检出率为高（Ｐ＜０．０１），凡ＳＧＰＴ和（ｒ—ＧＴ）异常者ＳＣＬｃａ大多有改变。     

Decreased energy demanding processes in the frontal lobes of schizophrenics due to neuroleptics? A P-magneto-resonance spectroscopic study

In the present investigation on ³¹P-magneto-resonance spectroscopic parameters in the frontal lobe, we found phosphocreatine levels and the ratio phosphocreatine/adenosine triphosphate to be increased (12.62±1.98% resp. 0.31±0.06) in 50 neuroleptic-treated schizophrenics, whereas no differences were detected in 10 neuroleptic-free patients (11.66±2.57% resp. 0.29±0.08) compared to 36 controls (11.37±1.45 resp. 0.29±0.04). This result points to a major role of neuroleptics in the metabolism of high-energy phosphates.     

Suizidale Phosphorvergiftung

Zusammenfassung Akute Vergiftungen mit gelbem Phosphor sind im mitteleuropäischen Raum heute selten. Wir beobachteten eine suizidale Phosphorintoxikation. Der klinische Verlauf zeigte die klassischen drei Phasen mit einem symptomfreien Intervall. Bei dieser Vergiftung sind Form und Menge des aufgenommenen Phosphors für die enterale Absorption und somit für Prognose und klinischen Verlauf entscheidend. Gerade bei der Aufnahme auch größerer Mengen von Stangenphosphor scheint eine adäquate Therapie mit dem Grundprinzip der Absorptionsverhinderung sinnvoll.

---

Suicide by phosphorus poisoning

In central European countries phosphorus poisonings are rare today. A case of a suicidal intoxication with yellow phosphorus was studied. The clinical course showed the typical three stages including a symptom-free period, although death occurred within 50 h from acute toxic damage of the myocardium.The oral ingestion of phosphorus presents an emergency which demands immediate treatment. Prognosis is depending on the amount of phosphorus absorption in the intestine which is expected to be high if the poison is in a liquid vehicle.

     

Phosphorus magnetic resonance spectroscopy in malformations of cortical development

Purpose: The aim of this study was to evaluate phospholipid metabolism in patients with malformations of cortical development (MCDs). Methods: Thirty‐seven patients with MCDs and 31 control subjects were studied using three‐dimensional phosphorus magnetic resonance spectroscopy (³¹P‐MRS) at 3.0 T. The voxels in the lesions and in the frontoparietal cortex of the control subjects were compared (the effective volumes were 12.5 cm³). Robust quantification methods were applied to fit the time‐domain data to the following resonances: phosphoethanolamine (PE); phosphocholine (PC); inorganic phosphate (Pi); glycerophosphoethanolamine (GPE); glycerophosphocholine (GPC); phosphocreatine (PCr); and α‐, β‐, and γ‐adenosine triphosphate (ATP). We also estimated the total ATP (ATP_t = α‐+β‐+γ‐ATP), phosphodiesters (PDE = GPC+GPE), phosphomonoesters (PME = PE+PC), and the PME/PDE, PCr/ATP_t and PCr/Pi ratios. The magnesium (Mg²⁺) levels and pH values were calculated based on PCr, Pi, and β‐ATP chemical shifts. Key Findings: Compared to controls and assuming that a p‐value < 0.05 indicates statistical significance, the patients with MCDs exhibited significantly lower pH values and higher Mg²⁺ levels. In addition, the patients with MCDs had lower GPC and PDE and an increased PME/PDE ratio. Significance: Mg²⁺ and pH are important in the regulation of bioenergetics and are involved in many electrical activity pathways in the brain. Our data support the idea that neurometabolic impairments occur during seizure onset and propagation. The GPC, PDE, and PME/PDE abnormalities also demonstrate that there are membrane turnover disturbances in patients with MCDs.