曲靖市某磷酸盐厂"三废"中的氟对周围人群健康的影响

目的了解曲靖市某磷酸盐厂排出“三废”中的氟对周围人群影响情况。方法当地疾病控制与监督部门于1998年对该厂周围的虹桥、耿屯、望城、螃蟹坡4个村人群进行随机抽样调查。结果尿氟>3 mg/L检出率分别为1.72%、23.44%、33.33%,16.13%。发现低年龄组患氟斑牙比较严重,4个村检出率分别为45.16%、64.52%、72.73%、81.25%,而高年龄组患氟骨症比较明显。结论有关部门必须加强对该厂废气排放的管理。     

Impacto del consumo de alimentos ultraprocesados en la enfermedad renal crónica

The modern diet is closely linked to the consumption of processed foods, causing an increase in the intake of salt, simple sugars, phosphorus and added potassium. This excess intake is associated with an increased risk of obesity, diabetes, hypertension and chronic kidney disease (CKD). CKD, which according to data from the ENRICA study affects 15% of the population, magnifies its impact due to the higher prevalence of diabetes and hypertension and due to limitations in the management of sodium and phosphorus. The intake of these products far exceeds the established recommendations, assuming 72% of total sodium, 25-35% of phosphorus, 12-18% of potassium and exceeding 10% of the caloric intake in simple sugars. Measures are necessary to reduce their contribution through nutritional advice, labeling review, education campaigns on healthy habits, fees and institutional actions that involve food safety agencies, industry, distribution and scientific societies.     

慢性肾衰竭患者甲状旁腺激素水平的变化及其意义

目的:探讨血清甲状旁腺激素(PTH)在诊治慢性肾衰竭中的临床意义。方法:将40例慢性肾衰竭患者设为观察组,40例健康体检者设为对照组。测定两组研究对象的血清PTH、尿素氮(BUN)、血肌酐(Scr)、血钙、血磷水平,并进行相关性分析。结果:与对照组比较,观察组患者的血清PTH、尿素氮、血肌酐、血磷水平显著增加,血钙显著减少,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察组患者的血清PTH水平与尿素氮、肌酐、血磷水平呈正相关(r=0.55-0.68,P<0.05),而与血钙水平呈负相关(r=-0.38,P<0.05)。结论:血清PTH水平可以作为诊疗慢性肾衰竭的重要参考指标,对临床预防和早期处理钙磷代谢紊乱具有重要价值。     

磷结合剂对于血液透析高磷血症患者成纤维细胞生长因子23水平的影响

目的比较碳酸镧和碳酸钙对于血液透析高磷血症患者血清成纤维细胞生长因子23（fibroblast growth factor-23,FGF-23）水平的影响。方法选择我科56例慢性肾衰竭维持性血液透析患者,入选患者血磷〉1．77mmol／L,血钙〈2．38mmol／L,25-OH—VitDTk平〉30ng／ml,血白蛋白水平〉30g／L。患者限制饮食磷摄人量为1000mg／d左右,将患者随机分为2组,分别接受碳酸镧或碳酸钙治疗16周。每2周常规检测血钙、血磷水平,滴定磷结合剂的使用剂量,使血磷水平达标。在治疗的第0、4、16周检测血清FGF-23及iPTH水平。结果碳酸钙和碳酸镧均能降低血磷水平。2组中,血清校正钙离子水平、甲状旁腺素水平均无明显变化。与碳酸钙相比,碳酸镧能有效降低FGF-23水平,且血磷水平的改变与血清FGF-23水平的改变呈正相关。结论在血液透析患者中应用碳酸镧可以有效降低血磷及血清FGF-23水平,而应用碳酸钙并不能减少血清FGF-23水平。     

一种西地那非类似物的合成工艺研究

目的 探讨合成一种西地那非类似物的新方法.方法 设计以WG 001-01-08和五硫化二磷为原料,经过硫化得到目标化合物（一种西地那非类似物）的合成路线,并以收率和杂质为指标考察反应试剂、反应温度、加料顺序对反应的影响.结果 成功制备了目标化合物,收率为90％;较佳反应条件为以4-甲基吡啶为溶剂,120℃反应4h,先加WG001-01-08后加五硫化二磷.结论 新方法收率较高,杂质少,反应条件温和,适合工业化生产.     

Impact of hepatitis virus infection on arterial calcification among incident hemodialysis patients

BackgroundThe impact of hepatitis virus infection on arterial calcification (AC) was not studied.ObjectiveTo study the prevalence, severity and distribution of AC in incident hemodialysis patients with hepatitis B and C viral infection.Cases and methods172 stage 5 CKD adults (98 male and 74 female) were included; 58 of them were seronegative for both hepatitis B and C (SN group), 48 were positive for hepatitis B virus infection (HBV group) and 66 were hepatitis C virus positive (HCV group). Beside histopathology of the obtained arterial samples, all these cases were examined for body mass index (BMI), serum calcium (Ca), phosphorus (P), alkaline phosphatase (AP), serum albumin, uric acid (UA), alanine transaminase (ALT), parathormone (PTH), fibroblast growth factor 23(FGF23), interleukin 6 (IL6), and 25 hydroxy vitamin D (25 (OH) vit D), hemoglobin concentration, and serum ferritin.Results86 (50%) of the cases had AC; 11 of them were in SN group (19%), 9 in HBV group (18.8%) and all the 66 HCV group (100%). In SN group, 4 had intimal calcification, 5 had medial calcification, and 2 had both intimal and medial calcification. In HBV group, 9 had intimal calcification, while no cases were encountered with either medial or both site calcifications. In HCV group, 16 had intimal calcification, 31 had medial calcification, and 19 had both intimal and medial calcification. Calcification was in the form of spots in one case in SN group, and 6 cases in HBV group, a single plaque of calcification in 5 cases of SN group, 3 cases of HBV group, and 16 cases of HCV group, multiple plaques were detected in 4 cases in SN group, and 31 cases in HCV group, and diffuse calcification in one case in SN group, and 19 cases in HCV group.In HBV group, calcification was only detected in patients with high viremia, while all patients with low or moderate viremia were devoid of calcification. In HCV group, all patients with low viremia had intimal solitary plaque of calcification, all patients with moderate viremia had multiple plaques of medial calcification, while all patients with high viremia had diffuse intimal and medial calcification. Both groups of viral hepatitis were significantly different in comparison to SN group in either distribution or calcification score (P < 0.001 in all).HBV group had significantly lower serum P, CaxP and PTH in comparison to SN group (4.6 ± 0.66 vs. 5.45 ± 0.77 mg/dL, 36.4 ± 7.2 vs. 44.1 ± 8.69, and 348 ± 65.4 vs. 405.9 ± 83.2 pg/mL, P < 0.001, <0.001, and 0.035 respectively). On the other hand, HCV group did not show any significant difference in any of the studied parameters compared to SN group.ConclusionHCV positive patients are more prone to develop AC that is more extensive. HBV positive patients were less likely to have arterial medial calcification, probably related to lower serum phosphorus, CaxP product and PTH. HCV infection should be added as risk factor for AC among CKD patients. Further studies are needed to confirm these findings.     

SLC34 A1和 RGS14单核苷酸多态性与阿德福韦酯治疗的慢性乙型肝炎患者血磷浓度的相关性

目的：探讨SLC34A1（rs6420094）和RGS14（rs4074995）单核苷酸多态性与长期服用阿德福韦酯治疗的慢性HBV感染者血磷浓度的相关性。方法选取2012年10月至2013年8月河北医科大学第三医院连续服用阿德福韦酯（10 mg／d）单药或联合治疗至少2年的慢性HBV感染者91例,其中低磷血症患者31例,血磷正常患者60例。应用聚合酶链反应-限制性片段长度多态性分析法测定两位点的基因型,应用χ^2检验分析两位点等位基因分布频率与血磷浓度的关系。结果低磷血症组中,rs6420094基因A／A、A／G和G／G型的例数分别为13,13和5例,而血磷正常组上述基因型的例数分别为35,24和1例。此位点的等位基因A在血磷正常组出现的频率高于低磷血症组（78．3％∶62．9％）,两组比较差异有统计学意义（χ^2＝4．947,P＜0．05）。低磷血症组中,rs4074995基因A／A、A／G和G／G型的例数分别为2,11和18例,而血磷正常组上述基因型的例数分别为1,21和38例,等位基因分布频率在两组间差异无统计学意义（χ^2＝0．625,P＞0．05）。结论 rs6420094多态性可能会影响长期服用阿德福韦酯治疗的慢性HBV感染者的血磷浓度。     

Improved Growth and Colchicine Concentration in Gloriosa Superba on Mycorrhizal Inoculation Supplemented with Phosphorus-Fertilizer

Background

Gloriosa superba produces an array of alkaloids including colchicine, a compound of interest in the treatment of various diseases. The tuber of Gloriosa superba is a rich source of colchicine which has shown anti-gout, anti-inflammatory, and anti-tumor activity. However, this promising compound remains expensive and Gloriosa superba is such a good source in global scale. Increase in yield of naturally occurring colchicine is an important area of investigation.

Materials and Methods

The effects of inoculation by four arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM), fungi, Glomus mossae, Glomus fasciculatum, Gigaspora margarita and Gigaspora gilmorei either alone or supplemented with P-fertilizer, on colchicine concentration in Gloriosa superba were studied. The concentration of colchicine was determined by high-performance thin layer chromatography.

Results

The four fungi significantly increased concentration of colchicine in the herb. Although there was significant increase in concentration of colchicine in non-mycorrhizal P-fertilized plants as compared to control, the extent of the increase was less compared to mycorrhizal plants grown with or without P-fertilization. This suggests that the increase in colchicine concentration may not be entirely attributed to enhanced P-nutrition and improved growth. Among the four AM fungi Glomus mossae was found to be best. The total colchicine content of plant (mg / plant) was significantly high in plants inoculated with Glomus mossae and 25 mg kg⁻¹phosphorus fertilizer (348.9 mg /plant) while the control contain least colchicine (177.87 mg / plant).

Conclusion

The study suggests a potential role of AM fungi in improving the concentration of colchicine in Gloriosa superba tuber.