带血管的桡神经浅支及腓肠神经游离移植

自1981年1月以来,我院开展了吻合桡动静脉的桡神经浅支及小隐静脉或腓动静脉的腓肠神经游离移植,临床应用10例,分别为正中神经7例,尺神经3例。修复神经缺损长度平均为12.5cm。随访时间最短8个月,最长5年。术后测神经生长速度平均1.4mm/d,功能恢复满意。     

A primary demyelinating disorder of young cattle

The clinical signs and neuropathological changes are described in six Limousin X calves that, at about one month after birth, showed signs of blindness, nystagmus, rotation of the eyes, opisthotonos, hyperprotraction of the forelegs and, in one case, apparent seizures. Pathologically there was necrosis of the optic chiasma and focal areas of myelin sheath vacuolation or demyelination in certain areas of the brain, especially in the cerebellar peduncles. In one animal, kept alive for 7 months, there was remyelination by Schwann cells of some demyelinated axons in the focal cerebellar lesions, while other axons remained demyelinated. There was no evidence of oligodendrocyte remyelination. The cause of the condition was not determined but a genetic association is likely.     

Cross-face nerve grafting in facial paralysis —A long-term follow-up

Summary The long term results of 21 cases of cross-face nerve grafting are presented and analyzed to evaluate the value of the procedure. The follow-up period extended beyond 3 years in all cases as the final assessment of the facial reanimation is only possible after a very long time interval. A satisfactory or good reanimation of the face occurred in 80% of the patients. In well defined cases the procedure may be considered a valuable tool in the rehabilitation of the paralyzed face.     

膈神经放电信号的一种计算机分析方法

作者提出了一种膈神经放电信号的计算机分析方法,用以克服该信号手工分析时存在的问题。计算机通过对膈神经放电信号的采集、数字整流与滤波等处理后,可得到放电的包络图,从中能自动测量一些重要参数。动物实验证实程序能较好地执行这些功能。统计学分析表明,人工测量结果与计算机测量结果之间无显著性差异。     

神经活素对Pc12细胞作用的初步观察

从胎脑、颌下腺、肌肉组织中制备神经活素。其性能同脑活素一样：可促进Ｐｃ１２细胞的突起生长，提高其胞浆内乳酸脱氢酶活性，电泳显示二者有相同的三条带。提示：神经活素有可能替代脑活素应用于临床。     

高压氧治疗尺桡神经损伤疗效观察

应用高压氧治疗尺桡神经损伤修复术后１１例，与同期单纯手术修复１４例相比，优良率明显提高，二组间有显著差异。Ｐ＜０．０５，提示高压氧对尺桡神经损伤的修复有促进作用     

小腿后部巨大腓动脉逆行皮瓣修复足部皮肤软组织缺损

目的 探讨小腿后部巨大腓动脉逆行皮瓣在修复足部、足远侧半大面积皮肤缺损的应用效果.方法 应用小腿后部巨大腓动脉逆行皮瓣修复11例含一个或多个跖趾关节外露的、足部大面积皮肤缺损.皮瓣设计:上界超过腓骨头平面.外侧界达腓骨前缘前2 cm,内侧界达腓肠肌内侧缘,下界达内外踝连线,以外踝上1 cm为旋转点.手术要点:解剖皮瓣时应将腓动脉在外踝上11～13 cm和5～7 cm两个肌皮支和(或)皮支带入,并包含腓肠神经、小隐静脉在内的3 cm宽筋膜蒂.结果 本组11例中10例皮瓣全部成活,1例皮瓣边缘1 cm宽区域坏死,经换药处理后愈合.结论 应用小腿后部巨大腓动脉逆行皮瓣修复足部大面积皮肤缺损,尤其是含足远侧半的皮肤缺损,皮瓣成活率高,对肢体供血影响小,血管蒂恒定,解剖容易,易于推广.     

Convergence of occipital nerve and superior sagittal sinus input in the cervical spinal cord of the cat

Co-existence of facial and occipital pain may occur in occipital neuralgia, migraine and cluster headache; suggesting convergence of trigeminal and cervical afferents. Such convergence has been shown in humans and other animals, but the site and extent of this are uncertain. In anaesthetized adult cats, the superior sagittal sinus and occipital nerve were stimulated electrically, and extracellular recordings made in the dorsolateral area of the upper cervical cord using glass-coated tungsten electrodes. Of 49 units in 10 cats, 33 (67%) had input from the superior sagittal sinus and the occipital nerve. Thirteen (27%) had superior sagittal sinus input and 3 (6%) had occipital nerve input. Convergent receptive fields were identified mechanically in 7 units. These experiments in cats show convergent input from occipital nerve and superior sagittal sinus on dorsolateral area units in two-thirds of cases studied. This experimental site of trigeminocervical convergence may relate to referral of pain in occipital neuralgia and other headaches.     

Peripheral nerve stimulation during MRI: Effects of high gradient amplitudes and switching rates

The application of high gradient amplitudes and switching rates for MRI and spectroscopy, resulting in short rise times for the gradient field and high changes of the magnetic flux density in the patient, is known to possibly evoke peripheral nerve stimulation (PNS) in patients. These effects have been studied on 20 volunteers under different experimental circumstances. The results of these measurements are partially in line with earlier findings reported in the literature. New information is found for the dependence of the PNS threshold level as a function of the rise time of the gradient waveform. The PNS threshold level, expressed in terms of dB/dt, is found to be proportional with t^?05, where t is the switch time for the gradients. Indications are found that |B|, the modulus of the gradient vector field, is more closely related to the PNS threshold level than B_z, the imaging component of the gradient field. From the experiments, it is furthermore concluded that only for the imaging protocols characterized by the application of long bipolar repetitive gradient pulse trains, such as echo-planar imaging, PNS is expected at the reported threshold levels. For the protocols based on spin echo, turbo spin echo, inversion recovery, fast field echo, etc., characterized by shorter gradient pulse trains, the threshold levels are expected to be much higher.