带蒂皮瓣肌膜瓣修复喉次全切除组织缺损与喉功能重建

目的：探讨喉次全切除术后创面修复及喉功能的重建。方法：对33例喉癌患者行喉次全切除术。手术范围：切除舌骨，大部分甲状软骨板，会厌前间隙和声带、室带，保留一侧杓状软骨及一侧1／3甲状软骨板、1／3的声带。采用一侧的带蒂皮瓣、对侧带蒂的肌膜瓣修复创面和喉功能重建。结果：全部患者均恢复正常的呼吸、吞咽功能，93．9％拔除气管套管获得发声功能。随访2～5年，3例死于肿瘤以外的疾病，2例死于肿瘤多脏器转移。结论：喉次全切除术后，应用带蒂皮瓣和肌膜瓣修复创面，重建发声功能，具有取材方便、血运好、不易造成喉狭窄、缩短带管时间以及提高患者生存质量等优点。     

肩胛舌骨肌瓣修复喉部分切除术后缺损

目的：探讨肩胛舌骨肌瓣修复喉部分切除术后缺损的可行性和临床疗效。方法：对24例声门上型、声门型喉癌患者切除肿瘤和受累的软骨，以肩胛舌骨肌瓣修复组织缺损、重建声门。对于一侧杓状软骨固定患者，切除杓状软骨，在取肩胛舌骨肌瓣同时连带切取一小块舌骨，将小舌骨块固定于杓状软骨缺损处，用残余黏膜覆盖之。声门上型T2、声门型T3以上患者术后接受放射治疗(50～60Gy)。结果：随访1～5年，1例声门上型(T3)患者于术后2年9个月死于局部复发，1例声门型(T3)患者于术后4年3个月死于颈部转移和骨转移。拔管率为95．8％。91．7％的患者发声近乎正常或声哑。吞咽功能全部恢复。结论：经过仔细选择病例，肩胛舌骨肌瓣修复喉部分切除术后缺损、重建声门是积极有效和切实可行的。     

皮瓣和肌皮瓣修复头颈组织缺损30例报告

目的：探讨皮瓣、肌皮瓣移植修复耳鼻咽喉科组织缺损的作用。方法：采用前臂皮瓣、胸大肌皮瓣、额正中皮瓣、鼻唇沟皮瓣、脐旁腹直肌皮瓣修复或重建耳鼻咽喉科组织缺损30例。结果：29例皮瓣存活，1例额正中皮瓣失败。结论：皮瓣、肌皮瓣应用于耳鼻咽喉科较大组织缺损的移植修复，安全可靠、成功率高，但应掌握一定的原则，预防并发症的发生。     

咽食管严重狭窄和闭锁的手术治疗

目的　探讨咽、食管严重狭窄和闭锁的手术治疗方法及效果。方法　分析了 1983年 1月～ 2 0 0 1年 6月山东医科大学附属医院 (现山东大学齐鲁医院 )耳鼻咽喉科手术治疗的 2 7例咽、食管严重狭窄和闭锁病例 ,其中伴有喉狭窄 12例 ,颈段气管狭窄 1例。根据病因划分包括化学腐蚀伤 2 5例 ,外伤 2例。修复方式 :结肠上徙 2 0例 ,游离空肠移植 6例 ,单纯胸大肌肌皮瓣整复 1例。 12例喉狭窄中利用胸骨舌骨肌筋膜整复 8例 ,胸骨舌骨肌筋膜和会厌下移联合整复 4例。 1例颈段气管狭窄利用胸锁乳突肌肌骨膜瓣修复。结果　 2 7例中 2 5例恢复吞咽功能 ,2例失败。 12例喉狭窄 10例恢复喉的呼吸、发音及吞咽保护全功能 ,2例仅恢复喉的发音及吞咽保护功能 ;1例气管狭窄经手术整复 ,最终拔除气管套管。结论　结肠上徙适于治疗范围大、位置低的严重狭窄或食管闭锁 ;游离空肠移植需要在颈部有正常的食管腔及吻合血管 ;胸大肌肌皮瓣适于修复范围较局限的咽、颈段食管狭窄     

胸肩峰皮瓣微循环监测及临床应用

目的　监测胸肩峰皮瓣微循环血流动态变化及其规律 ,为选择最佳断蒂时间提供可靠客观量化指标。　方法　应用激光多普勒血流计 (LDF)对 12例胸肩峰皮瓣转移面中点于术后 2～ 7天逐日进行微循环监测 ,皮瓣移植后第 4天起记录皮瓣蒂部阻断前、后LDF的PU(灌注单位 )值变化情况。　结果　胸肩峰皮瓣微循环血流变化可分为 2期 ,即术后前 4天的骤升期PU值分别为 3 5±1 3、4 5± 1 7、6 7± 2 9;术后 4～ 7天的平台期PU值分别为 7 4± 2 0、7 6± 2 3、7 3± 1 6。本组断蒂时间为术后 6～ 8天。　结论　胸肩峰皮瓣在转移修复面部缺损时 ,其微循环血流变化在平台期后期时 ,当阻断皮瓣蒂部后其PU值恢复到或超过阻断前水平的 5 0 %时进行断蒂 ,皮瓣全部成活。     

胸锁乳突肌肌骨膜瓣喉气管重建术动物实验与临床应用

为探讨胸锁乳突肌肌骨膜瓣在喉气管重建术中的作用，切除狗环状软骨弓及部分气管前壁造成缺损，取胸锁乳突肌肌骨膜瓣修复，分别于术后２个月～８个月处死动物，观察修复情况，并取材作光镜及扫描电镜检查。结果发现：胸锁乳突肌肌骨膜瓣行喉气管重建具有良好支撑力，修复的呼吸道通畅，无瘢痕及肉芽组织形成，移植骨膜表面为粘膜上皮覆盖，深层有新骨组织形成。临床治疗５例患者，均拔除气管套管，恢复正常呼吸功能。胸锁乳突肌肌骨膜瓣是理想的喉气管重建材料。     

转门肌皮瓣修复T3、T4声门癌扩大部分喉切除术后缺损

过大的喉腔缺损创面修复困难。为保证在根治肿瘤的前提下，恢复喉的发声，呼吸，吞咽防护功能，对６２例晚期（Ｔ３，Ｔ４）声门癌分别行扩大垂直喉切除和次全喉切除术，同期应用双蒂转门肌皮瓣进行喉腔缺损重建。气管套管拔出率为８７．１％，８５％患者发声恢复满意，吞咽功能全部恢复。晚期声门癌选择性地施行功能保全性喉切除术是可行的。手术操作简单，应用广泛，值得推广。     

Myocutaneous v/s micro vascular free flaps in oral cavity reconstruction - a comparative study

Micro vascular free tissue transfer scores over the traditional myocutaneous flaps by providing better cosmesis and function. However, the increased operating tine and costs and the necessity for two operating teams sometimes, negate these advantages and even where this facility is freely available, myoentancous flaps continue to be widely used. To determine the ideal choice of reconstruction in patients after oral resection, we compared our experience with these two methods of reconstruction. Since 1997, when we first started micro vascular reconstruction, 17 patients have undergone this procedure for oral reconstruction. During this same period, 40 patients had pectoralis major myocutaneous flap reconstruction of the oral cavity. These two groups are compared with regard to cosmetic and functional results (as measured by patient’s level of satisfaction) operating time, duration of hospitalization, cost and complications. Results: Eightv seven percent of the patients in the micro vascular group and 75% in the myocutaneous group were satisfied with the cosmetic and functional results. In the microvascular group, average operating time was increased by 4 hours; hospitalization by 3 days and average cost of treatment was doubled. Flap failures and re-explorations were significantly higher in the micro vascular group. Based on these results, we would like to suggest the ideal method of reconstruction of the oral cavity in specific subgroups of patients in a corporate hospital setting.     

腹腔镜深筋膜下静脉交通支断离术联合Muller术治疗下肢静脉交通支瓣膜功能不全

目的探讨腹腔镜下静脉交通支断离术（subfascial endoscopic perforator surgery，SEPS）联合Muller术治疗下肢静脉交通支瓣膜功能的可行性．方法行静脉顺行造影诊断下肢静脉交通支瓣膜功能不全患肢41条，随机选择31条患肢行SEPS术，在深筋膜下断离病变交通支，联合Muller术抽剥浅表曲张静脉，保留健康大隐静脉．10条患肢作为对照组，行传统大隐静脉抽剥术．结果曲张静脉团块消失，下肢静脉血淤滞得到解决，色素沉着减轻，溃疡愈合，随访5-11月无复发．与对照组相比，手术时间平均缩短1．5h，缝合创口平均减少4．3个，住院时间平均缩短4．8d，差异有显著意义（P〈0．01）．结论SEPS联合Muller术适合个体化微创治疗下肢静脉交通支瓣膜功能不全，创伤小，恢复快．     

Rectus abdominis myocutaneous flap in radical oncopelvic surgery: A safe and useful procedure

AIMS: The aim of this retrospective study was to evaluate the usefulness of rectus abdominis myocutaneous (RAM) flaps to treat locally advanced pelvic gynaecological or digestive tumours. METHODS: We reviewed 46 patients, who received RAM flaps after radical oncopelvic surgery, including: (a) total vaginal reconstruction (TVR); (b) partial vaginal reconstruction (PVR); (c) perineal reconstruction (PR). RESULTS: Between 1989 and 1998, 46 patients underwent pelvi-perineal reconstruction with RAM flaps after radical pelvic surgery for carcinoma of the cervix (n=22), anal carcinoma (n=11), rectal carcinoma (n=7), or other pelvic tumours types (n=6). There were two post-operative deaths. Overall surgical morbidity was 45, 6% (n=21). Specific morbidity of the RAM flap was 21, 7% (n=10). Global re-intervention rate was 13% (n=6). CONCLUSION: Rectus abdominis myocutaneous flap in radical oncopelvic surgery is useful for vaginal or perineal reconstruction and prevention of pelvic collections after extended resections with a low rate of associated morbidity.