Hemispheric Prevalence Changes in Partial Epileptic Patients on Perceptual and Attentional Tasks

In relation to the general issue of the long-term effects of epileptic activity on the higher nervous functions, monohemispheric epileptic patients--divided into "lesional" [i.e., with computed tomography (CT) scan-visible lesions] and "nonlesional" (i.e., with CT scan-nonvisible lesions)--were submitted to dichotic verbal and tonal tasks, dichoptic verbal and spatial tasks, and a visual tachistoscopic attentional task. The aim was to investigate whether the typical patterns of hemispheric prevalence, which were observed in normal subjects by using these tests, undergo significant changes in epileptic patients. The findings versus normal subjects seem to demonstrate that (a) in lesional epileptic patients, the prevalence of the hemisphere without macroscopic lesions is a constant rule, whether or not this hemisphere is prevalent in normal subjects; (b) in nonlesional epileptic patients, the patterns are the following: when the epileptic hemisphere is the one that is prevalent in normal subjects, its prevalence is enhanced, whichever the hemisphere; when the epileptic hemisphere is not the hemisphere prevalent in normal subjects, the left one attracts and maintains prevalence, whereas the right one reduces and variously interferes with contralateral prevalence. It is concluded that, with respect to the functions tested, the nature of the epileptic foci seems to influence markedly the interhemispheric prevalence pattern.     

产后妇女盆底肌损伤发生情况调查研究

目的 探讨产后妇女盆底肌功能情况并分析造成妇女产后盆底肌损伤的相关因素,为预防妇女因生产造成盆底肌损伤提供科学依据。方法 以2019年1月至2020年11月在湖南省长沙市和株洲市各1家医院产科进行6~8周产后复查的产妇为研究对象进行资料收集及盆底肌力测定,采用描述流行病学分析方法进行盆底肌力异常情况分析,并采用单、多因素分析方法对产后妇女盆底肌异常影响因素进行分析。结果 本研究共对1 628名产妇进行调查,年龄22~38岁,平均（29.68±5.36）岁;孕次1~5次,平均孕次（2.43±1.16）次;产次1~5次,以1~2次为主,占72.4%。检出1 142例产后6~8周产妇为盆底肌力异常,异常率为70.2%。年龄30~38岁（OR=3.766）、产次≥3次（OR=2.633）、阴道分娩（OR=7.478）、孕期增重过多（OR=1.597 ）及胎儿出生体重≥4 kg（OR=5.078）的产后妇女盆底肌力异常的风险较高。结论 湖南省产后妇女盆底肌力异常率较高,年龄、产次、分娩方式、孕期增重及胎儿体质量是造成产妇产后发生盆底肌损伤的重要原因,应采取相应措施,降低产后妇女发生盆底肌损伤风险。     

旋后肩法处置肩难产对产妇分娩后盆底肌功能改善的临床研究

目的探讨旋后肩法用于肩难产产妇,对其产后盆底肌功能的改善作用。 方法选择2018年7月至2020年1月,在宁波市妇女儿童医院采用旋后肩法完成肩难产助产的28例产妇为研究对象,并纳入研究组。选取同期在本院分娩,采用耻骨联合上加压法完成肩难产助产的25例产妇纳入对照组。采用表面肌电图(sEMG),获取2组产妇分娩8周后盆底肌收缩运动肌电值。采用成组t检验,对2组产妇一般临床资料、盆底sEMG检测结果进行统计学分析。采用χ²检验,对2组产妇分娩巨大儿所占比例等进行统计学分析。本研究遵循的程序符合病例收集医院伦理委员会制定的伦理学标准,得到该委员会批准[审批文号：[2018]伦审字(28)号]。与所有受试者签署临床研究知情同意书。 结果①2组产妇身高、体重,分娩时人体质量指数(BMI)、孕龄、年龄等一般临床资料比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。②2组产妇分娩新生儿的出生体重和巨大儿所占比例分别比较,差异亦均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。③研究组产妇前基线值、快肌收缩最大值、混合肌收缩最大值、混合肌收缩平均值、耐力肌收缩平均值、后基线值分别为(1.4±0.3) μV、(23.8±5.5) μV、(19.9±3.4) μV、(17.2±2.9) μV、(13.7±3.0) μV、(1.3±0.3) μV,均超过对照组的(1.3± 0.3) μV、(20.6±4.4) μV、(17.7±3.3) μV、(14.2±4.1) μV、(11.8±3.4) μV、(1.1±0.3) μV,并且差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。而2组产妇耐力肌收缩最大值比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。 结论旋后肩法用于肩难产产妇助产,较传统耻骨联合上加压法,可改善产妇产后短期内的盆底肌功能。     

新式阴道前、后壁联合修补术临床分析

目的探讨新式阴道前、后壁联合修补术治疗盆腔脏器脱垂(POP)的临床效果。方法选择2017年1月至2021年1月,于南京医科大学附属淮安第一医院接受手术治疗的120例POP患者为研究对象。根据采用的手术方式,将其分为研究组(n=60,采用新式阴道前、后壁联合修补术)及对照组(n=60,采用腹腔镜下全子宫双侧附件切除术+传统阴道前、后壁修补术)。采用独立样本t检验及χ^(2)检验,对2组患者一般临床资料,术中及术后情况进行统计学比较。本研究经南京医科大学附属淮安第一医院医学伦理委员会批准(审批文号:YX-P-2020-023-01)。所有患者知情同意并与之签署临床研究知情同意书。结果①2组POP患者年龄、人体质量指数(BMI)、产次、绝经者比例及POP脱垂程度比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。②研究组POP患者手术时间、术中出血量、总住院时间、术后住院时间及住院费用分别为(88.0±30.6)min、(24.7±36.0)mL、(7.3±2.1)d、(4.6±1.4)d及(10727±1812)元,均短于或低于对照组的(118.0±33.4)min、(56.7±43.8)mL、(9.8±2.3)d、(6.4±1.6)d及(26318±3890)元,并且差异均有统计学意义(t=5.130、4.372、6.218、6.558、28.138,均为P<0.001)。2组POP患者术后3、6、12个月复发率构成比比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论新式阴道前、后壁联合修补术在不增加POP患者术后复发率的基础上,不仅能缩短手术时间、减少患者术中出血量,还可以缩短住院时间、减少住院费用,并且易于操作,适宜推广。     

复杂性面骨骨折的处理

（1）目的 探讨复杂性面骨骨折临床治疗方法及效果。（2）方法 对18例面骨多处骨折或多发。陈旧性骨折的病人采用冠状切口加口内切口、面部小切口加口内切口相结合的术式及正颌外科,微小夹板固定技术。进行再骨折复位或截骨复位、固定。（3）结果 全部病人术后张口无受限,咬He关系良好,功能及形态满意,复视消失,2例出现再次脑脊液鼻漏,经7-8d后愈合。无其他严重并发症出现。（4）结论 复杂性面骨骨折应选择合适时机,根据病情采用不同的术式治疗,可达到满意的效果。     

Higher altitude leads to increased risk of venous thromboembolism after acetabular and pelvic ring injury

IntroductionThere is a high post-operative incidence of venous thromboembolisms (VTEs), specifically deep vein thrombosis (DVT) and pulmonary embolism (PE), in pelvic ring and acetabular fractures, and identification of risk factors for VTEs is crucial to decrease this highly morbid complication. High altitudes have a known physiological effect on the body that may predispose patients to developing VTEs in the postoperative period. The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between pelvic ring and acetabular fractures occurring at high altitudes and the development of postoperative VTEs.MethodsIn this retrospective study, the Truven MarketScan claims database was used to identify patients who underwent surgical fixation of a pelvic ring and/or acetabular fracture from January 2009 to December 2018 using Current Procedural Terminology (CPT) codes. Patient characteristics, including medical comorbidities, were collected. The zip codes of where the surgeries took place were used to determine recovery altitude and patients were separated into either the high altitude (>4000 feet) or low altitude (<100 feet) cohorts. Chi-squared and multivariate analyses were performed to investigate the association between altitude and the development of VTE postoperatively.ResultsIn total, 68,923 patients were included for analysis. At 30-days postoperatively, a higher altitude was associated with increased odds of developing a PE (OR 1.47, p = 0.019). At 90-days postoperatively, a higher altitude was associated with increased odds of DVT (OR 1.24, p = 0.029) and PE (OR 1.63, p < 0.001).ConclusionSurgical fixation of pelvic ring and acetabular fractures performed at a higher altitude (>4,000feet) are associated with increased odds of developing a PE in the first 30 days as well as developing a DVT or PE at 90 days postoperatively. Future prospective studies are needed to further elucidate the causality of altitude on the development of postoperative VTEs.     

骨盆前环皮下内固定支架与微创经皮钢板内固定治疗骨盆前环骨折的疗效比较

目的 比较前环皮下内固定支架（INFIX）和微创经皮钢板内固定（MIPPO）治疗骨盆前环骨折的疗效。方法 回顾性分析2016年7月至2020年5月我院收治且符合标准的48例不稳定型骨盆骨折病人的临床资料,其中INFIX组22例,MIPPO组26例。INFIX组,男15例,女7例,年龄为（36.89±11.12）岁（21~58岁）。MIPPO组,男17例,女9例,年龄为（43.70±17.66）岁（21~71岁）。比较两组手术时间、术中出血量、骨折复位质量（Matta标准）、骨折愈合时间、骨折术后功能恢复情况（Majeed评分系统）,并记录并发症。结果 两组均获得随访,随访时间为5~17个月,平均为13个月。INFIX组手术时间[（75.41±15.25） min]低于MIPPO组[（85.62±17.92） min],差异无统计学意义（t=-5.154,P=0.101）;INFIX组术中出血量[（30.27±7.67） mL]明显低于MIPPO组[（111.15±24.30） mL],差异有统计学意义（t=-14.971,P=0.006）;两组负重时间[（16.00±2.06）周vs.（15.94±2.32）周]、Majeed评分[（81.90±7.73）分vs.（83.44±3.54）分]、骨折复位优良率[81.8% vs.84.6%]比较,差异均无统计学意义（P均＞0.05）,但MIPPO组能够达到更好的解剖复位。INFIX组1例病人出现股外侧皮神经损伤,两组病人未出现内固定失败情况。结论 治疗骨盆前环骨折,INFIX具有出血少、手术创伤小等优点,钢板能够达到更好的解剖复位,两组具有相似的术后功能恢复情况。可根据术者经验和病人具体情况选择适宜的固定方式。     

Achieve Closed Reduction of Irreducible,Unilateral Vertically Displaced Pelvic Ring Disruption with an Unlocking Closed Reduction Technique

ObjectiveTo be able to treat irreducible unilateral vertically displaced pelvic ring disruption (UVDPRD) using closed reduction, we introduced a technique named Unlocking Closed Reduction Technique (UCRT) and evaluated its effectiveness with improved pelvic closed reduction system (PCRS).MethodsA retrospective study was performed in our department. Between January 2014 and December 2017, 43 patients whose UVDPRD were not successfully reduced using transcondylar traction. Subsequently, they were treated with UCRT using improved PCRS. The study included 19 male and 24 female patients, with a mean age at the time of the operation of 46.2 years. During surgery, operation time and blood loss were recorded. Post‐surgical reduction quality was evaluated using Matta scoring criteria and patient lower‐extremity functional outcome was evaluated using Majeed functional scoring criteria.ResultsWhen used with improved PCRS, UCRT achieved pelvic reduction in all 43 cases of irreducible UVDPRD with postoperative pelvic reduction quality rated excellent and good for 42/43 (97.6%) patients according to the Matta scoring criteria (Matta Score < 10 mm). While no post‐surgical complications emerged as the direct result of UCRT in this cohort of patients, 8/37 patients who were treated with subcutaneous supra‐acetabular pedicle screw internal fixation (INFIX) for anterior ring fixation developed lateral femoral cutaneous nerve injury but recovered 6 months postoperatively. No revision surgery was performed on any of the recruited patients. All patients'' lower‐extremity functionality was rated excellent with an average Majeed function score of 94.3 during the last follow‐up at an average of 41.6 months postoperatively.ConclusionWith excellent surgical and functional outcomes in patients with irreducible UVDPRD, improved PCRS‐assisted UCRT proved to be a safe and effective method for the treatment of irreducible UVDPRD.     

血清C—反应蛋白测定在女性盆腔包块鉴别诊断中的意义

目的;探讨C－反应蛋白（CRP）测定对女性盆腔包块鉴别诊断的临床价值。方法：分别测定盆腔炎性包块、良恶性肿瘤患者及无盆腔包块正常妇女血清C－反应蛋白。结果：炎性包块组、恶性肿瘤组血清CRP水平极显著地高于良性肿瘤组和正常对照组（P＜0．01）,且炎性包块组血清CRP水平升高的程度远大于恶性肿瘤组（P＜0．01）;而良性肿瘤组血清CRP与正常对照组无显著差异（P＞0．05）,两者均在正常范围。结论：血清CRP极显著升高者,首先应考虑炎性包块;较显著升高者,在排除感染,创伤及其他引起CRP升高者外要考虑盆腔恶性肿瘤的可能;CRP在正常范围者炎性包块的可能性极小。说明血清CRP测定是女性盆腔包块鉴别诊断的有用手段。     

Acute pouchitis and deficiencies of fuel

PURPOSE: Acute pouchitis is a troublesome complication after restorative proctocolectomy. Deficiency of fuel, especially short chain fatty acids (SCFA), produced by anaerobic bacterial fermentation of saccharides, is implicated in ulcerative and diversion colitis. Our hypothesis was that SCFA deficiency occurs in acute pouchitis, and correction of the deficiency is associated with resolution of pouchitis. METHODS: Thirty-two patients were studied, 10 with histologically confirmed acute pouchitis and 22 with healthy pouches. Stool concentrations of SCFA (acetic, propionic, butyric, and valeric acids) were determined by gas-liquid chromatography. Quantitative bacteriologic studies of stool were carried out, and four-quadrant pouch biopsies were assessed by a pathologist who was unaware of the clinical state. Patients with pouchitis were treated for six weeks with metronidazole and given dietary advice to increase their intake of fermentable saccharides. RESULTS: Stool concentrations of SCFA were significantly less in pouchitis patients compared with patients with healthy pouches (340 mol/g (range, 124–492) vs.93 (range, 44–136) P<0.01). No differences in anaerobic or aerobic counts were seen. Resolution of pouchitis was associated with a significant increase in SCFA, but anaerobic counts fell. CONCLUSION: Deficiency of SCFA is implicated in acute pouchitis Read at the meeting of The American Society of Colon and Rectal Surgeons, Orlando, Florida, May 8 to 13, 1994.