A rare case of metastatic pancreatic adenocarcinoma presenting as a pulmonary embolism from nonbacterial thrombotic endocarditis

Nonbacterial thrombotic endocarditis (NBTE) also called, "Marantic endocarditis" occurs due to an underlying hypercoagulable state causing tissue damage and upregulation of the coagulation cascade, with noninfective vegetation formation on heart valves. Mitral and aortic valves are most commonly involved. NBTE is rare, with an incidence of 1.6%, with 65 cases identified during a 10-year autopsy analysis. The most common malignancies associated with NBTE include gynecological cancers, lung cancer, gastric cancer, and pancreatic cancers with adenocarcinoma histology being the greatest risk. Herein, we present a rare case of a 55-year-old male who presented with acute hypoxic respiratory failure secondary to pulmonary embolism due to nonbacterial thrombotic endocarditis. He was found to have advanced pancreatic adenocarcinoma on further investigation of the 2.2 cm hypodense cystic mass in the distal pancreatic body and tail, and complex liver masses which were incidentally found on computed tomography angiography (CTA) of the chest. This is a rare phenomenon and clinicians have to consider the hypercoagulable state associated with cancers, particularly pancreatic adenocarcinoma, and the risk of NBTE.     

前列腺根治性切除术治疗前列腺癌骨转移或淋巴结转移患者的生存预后分析

目的 探讨前列腺根治性切除术对前列腺癌骨转移或淋巴结转移患者生存预后的影响.方法 将美国SEER数据库2004年至2013年间收录的淋巴结转移或骨转移的647例前列腺癌患者纳入研究,其中单独骨转移非手术组129例,单独骨转移手术组129例,单独淋巴结转移非手术组131例以及单独淋巴结转移手术组131例,无转移非手术组1...     

Mutational Analysis of Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Using Targeted Kinome Sequencing

PurposeTriple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) does not have defined therapeutic targets and is currently treated with chemotherapy only. Kinase dysregulation triggers cancer cell proliferation and metastasis and is a crucial therapeutic target for cancer. In this study, targeted kinome sequencing of TNBC tumors was performed to assess the association between kinome gene alterations and disease outcomes in TNBC.MethodsA kinome gene panel consisting of 612 genes was used for the targeted sequencing of 166 TNBC samples and matched normal tissues. Analyses of the significantly mutated genes were performed. Genomic differences between Asian and non-Asian patients with TNBC were evaluated using two Asian TNBC datasets (from Seoul National University Hospital [SNUH] and Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center [FUSCC]) and three non-Asian TNBC datasets (The Cancer Genome Atlas [TCGA], METABRIC, and Gustave Roussy). The prognostic value of kinome gene mutations was evaluated using tumor mutational burden (TMB) and oncogenic pathway analyses. Mutational profiles from the TCGA were used for validation.ResultsThe significantly mutated genes included TP53 (60% of patients), PIK3CA (21%), BRCA2 (8%), and ATM (8%). Compared with data from non-Asian public databases, the mutation rates of PIK3CA p.H1047R/Q were significantly higher in the SNUH cohort (p = 0.003, 0.048, and 0.032, respectively). This was verified using the FUSCC dataset (p = 0.003, 0.078, and 0.05, respectively). The TMB-high group showed a trend toward longer progression-free survival in our cohort and the TCGA TNBC cohort (p = 0.041 and 0.195, respectively). Kinome gene alterations in the Wnt pathway in patients with TNBC were associated with poor survival in both datasets (p = 0.002 and 0.003, respectively).ConclusionComprehensive analyses of kinome gene alterations in TNBC revealed genomic alterations that offer therapeutic targets and should help identify high-risk patients more precisely in future studies.     

Pancreatic schwannoma: Case report,clinico-pathologic correlation,and review of the literature

Schwannomas are common peripheral nerve sheath tumors that typically occur on the head, neck, trunk, or extremities. Intra-abdominal schwannomas, however, are rare. We describe a young woman who presented for imaging evaluation of suspected nephrolithiasis and was incidentally found to have a schwannoma centered within the pancreatic parenchyma. In addition, we detail the clinical, imaging, and histopathologic features of pancreatic schwannoma and summarize diagnosis and management of this rare clinical entity.     

血清胸苷激酶1检测对恶性肿瘤诊断及疗效评估的意义

目的探讨血清胸苷激酶1（TK1）作为肿瘤细胞增殖标志物对恶性肿瘤诊断及疗效评估的意义。方法应用免疫印迹-增强化学发光法检测恶性肿瘤组（53例）治疗前后、体格检查组（49例）以及健康对照组（18名）的血清TK1水平。治疗前与治疗后比较用配对t检验,治疗前和后分别与健康对照组、体格检查组比较采用两独立样本均数比较t检验。结果恶性肿瘤组治疗前STK1为0．3—11．3（2．4±2．0）pmol／L;恶性肿瘤组治疗后STK1为0．3～5．0（0．9±0．8）pmol／L;体格检查组STK1为0．1～2．1（0．8±0．3）pmol／L;健康对照组STK1为0．5～1．2（0．7±0．2）pmol／L。恶性肿瘤组治疗前与治疗后之间STK1水平差异有统计学意义（t=5．257,P〈0．0001）。恶性肿瘤组治疗前与健康对照组和体格检查组STK1水平比较,差异均有统计学意义（t=3．568和5．460,P=0．001和〈0．0001）,而恶性肿瘤组治疗后与健康对照组和体格检查组STK1水平比较,差异均无统计学意义（t=1．056和0．715,P均〉0．05）。结论血清TK1检测细胞增殖有较高的特异性和灵敏度,对临床监测恶性肿瘤疗效和在体格检查中进行恶性肿瘤风险筛查具有重要意义。     

胰腺癌螺旋CT双期增强的表现

目的 了解螺旋CT胰腺期、门脉期双期增强扫描显示胰腺癌的CT表现。方法 对39例胰腺癌患者行双期增强扫描，扫描延迟时间分别为35秒和65秒，对比剂用量100ml，注射速度3ml／s，观察胰腺癌在双期的增强情况和CT征象。结果 (1)直接征象：胰腺癌表现为病变区胰腺肿大，形成肿块；平扫肿块密度通常呈略低密度、等密度；胰腺期增强扫描：肿瘤主要表现为均匀或不均匀的低密度病灶，边缘呈规则或不规则的环状强化；门脉期：肿瘤和正常胰腺组织间密度差下降。(2)间接征象：伴有肝内胆管(48．7％)、胆总管(61．5％)和胰管(38．5％)不同程度的扩张和胆囊增大(30．8％)，胰周脂肪消失(82．1％)，胰周大血管模糊(51．2％)，胰体、胰尾萎缩(25．6％)以及转移性改变。结论 螺旋CT双期扫描能清晰地显示胰腺癌，有利于胰腺癌的早期诊断。     

青石棉污染区恶性肿瘤的影像学调查

目的通过影像学调查以了解1998年以来青石棉污染造成的恶性肿瘤患病情况.方法搜集云南省大姚县人民医院1998年6月1日至2001年12月31日间来我院就诊做CT及X线检查的病例与非污染区同省禄丰县人民医院同期同样病例资料进行对比,重点探讨胸膜间皮瘤及肺癌.结果观察组就诊病人CT检查6 615例,检出恶性肿瘤258例,检出率为3.9%;对照组就诊病人CT检查4 854例,检出恶性肿瘤132例,检出率为2.72%.观察组肺癌66例,检出率为1.00%,胸膜间皮瘤51例,检出率为0.77%;对照组肺癌50例,检出率为1.03%,胸膜间皮瘤1例,检出率为0.02%.观察组就诊病人X线检查14 044例,检出恶性肿瘤57例,检出率为0.41%;对照组就诊病人X线检查16 024例,检查出恶性肿瘤35例,检出率为0.22%.观察组肺癌42例,检出率为0.3%,胸膜间皮瘤6例,检出率为0.04%;对照组肺癌25例,检出率为0.16%,胸膜间皮瘤1例,检出率为0.01%.结论在X线及CT检查中,青石棉污染区恶性肿瘤患病率以肺癌、胸膜间皮瘤最高.     

吉西他滨联合槲皮素对胰腺癌细胞Panc-1凋亡的影响研究

目的研究吉西他滨联合槲皮素抑制胰腺癌细胞Panc-1增殖,促进其凋亡的效果.方法设立槲皮素(终浓度为50μM)、吉西他滨(50μg/ml)、吉西他滨联合槲皮素和对照组4组,MTS法检测药物对Panc-1细胞凋亡的影响,流式细胞仪检测联合药物处理对细胞凋亡和细胞周期的影响,最后应用荧光定量PCR法测定凋亡相关基因BCL-2家族蛋白的相对表达.结果吉西他滨联合槲皮素后,对胰腺癌促凋亡效果增强,同时改变细胞周期,使其S期减少,BCL-2家族促凋亡基因表达上调.结论槲皮素能够显著增强吉西他滨抑制胰腺癌恶性增殖的作用.     

生长抑素治疗急性胰腺炎对患者胰腺血流及胰腺功能的影响

目的探讨生长抑素对急性胰腺炎患者胰腺血流及胰腺功能的保护作用。方法选取2012年12月至2014年2月于本院进行诊治的76例急性胰腺炎患者为研究对象,所有患者根据随机数字表法分为对照组和观察组各38例,对照组采用常规治疗,观察组则在常规治疗的基础上增加生长抑素治疗,检测并比较两组患者治疗前和治疗后1 d、3 d及7 d的胰腺血流及胰腺内外分泌系统相关指标。结果治疗前两组患者间各项观察指标比较差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。治疗后1 d、3 d及7 d观察组患者的血清正铜蓝蛋白(CP)及胰岛素(INS)水平均高于对照组(P<0.05),胰高血糖素(GLU)、脂肪酶(LIP)、淀粉酶(AMY)和胰蛋白酶原-2(TPS-2)水平则低于对照组(P<0.05);观察组的血流量(BF)及血容量(BV)均高于对照组(P<0.05),毛细血管表面通透性(PS)则低于对照组(P<0.05)。结论生长抑素对急性胰腺炎患者胰腺血流及胰腺功能的保护作用均较为明显,对患者胰腺综合状态的改善作用较为突出。     

Intraoperative microwave inactivation in‐situ of malignant tumors in the scapula

Objective: To explore the feasibility and effect of microwave in situ inactivation of malignant primary or metastatic tumors in the scapula. Methods: Seventeen patients (12 men, 5 women, mean age 48 years [range, 13–59 years]) with malignant primary or metastatic tumors involving the scapula were treated by microwave inactivation between June 1998 and February 2008. There were12 malignant primary bone and 5 metastatic tumors. In 14 cases Area Sl was involved and in 3 cases both Areas S1 and S2. All 17 cases were by making a dorsal arc‐ or “∩‐” shaped incision to expose the tumor, protecting the surrounding soft tissues with a copper grid, and then heated the tumors locally with 2450 MHz microwave to 50°C for 20 min, after which all or some of the necrotic tumor tissue was removed, preserving the support role of the scapula. Results: The operation time was 60–180 min (mean 120 min) and blood loss was 300–1000 mL (mean 460 mL). No serious intraoperative or postoperative complications occurred in any patient. The patients were followed up for 3 months to 10 years (mean 4.2 years). Three patients with Ewing's sarcoma in the scapula had pulmonary, cerebral and systemic multiple metastases and died 8～24 months after surgery. Three patients with malignant fibrous histiocytoma died of pulmonary and systemic multiple metastases 10～22 months after surgery; one patient had recurrence 6 months after surgery and survived with tumor. Five patients with metastatic tumor in the scapula died of non‐scapular metastatic tumor 6～14 months after surgery. The other five patients with primary malignant bone tumors had no recurrence or metastasis during follow‐up. Three cases had restricted extension of the shoulder joint with unrestricted protraction and retroflexion after surgery. Conclusion: In situ microwave inactivation features simple surgery, reliable effects and patient acceptability, making it an ideal surgical method for malignant tumors in the scapula.