54例严重缓慢心律失常病人的起搏器治疗

1978年～1987年用永久起搏器治疗54例严重缓慢心律失常的病人,共进行103次手术。随访8年多,发现7例死亡,其中6例死亡原因与起搏器治疗无关,1例死于与起搏器并发感染密切相关。本文就严重缓慢心律失常的类型、病因、安装永久起搏器的指征、手术并发症等加以讨论。     

Artificial bone of porous tricalcium phosphate ceramics and its preliminary clinical application

Summary The authors have prepared the artificial bone of porous tricalcium phosphate ceramics according to an appropriate formula and manufacturing technology. Physical and chemical testing shows that it possesses several distinguishing features: the communicating pores and macro/micropores; mean pore size, 380 μm (from 240 μm to 510 μm); porosity, 46.4 %; and compressive strength, 97.4 kg/cm². It consists of CaO (49.09 %) and P₂O₅ (48.84 %). The testing of its biocompatibility shows that it is devoid of systemic or local toxicity, and free of irritation or foreign body response in tissues, and it does not result in hemolysis or mutation. The new bone readily grows into its pores with direct contact to the implanted material. 11 cases of bone defects were treated with this artificial bone with satisfactory results.     

Computer-Assisted Design of an Implantable, Intrathoracic Artificial Lung

Abstract: A semiempirical mathematical model of convective oxygen transport is used to design a new, low pressure loss, implantable artificial lung that could be used as a bridge to lung transplantation in patients with advanced respiratory failure. The mass transfer and flow friction relations pertinent to the design of a cross–flow hollow fiber membrane lung are described. The artificial lung is designed to transfer over 200 ml/min of oxygen at blood flow rates up to 5 L/min. A compact design and a blood-side pressure loss of <15 mm Hg allows the device to be implanted in the left chest without the need for a prosthetic blood pump. Surgical implantation of the artificial lung would require the creation of inflow and outflow anastomoses. Oxygen would be supplied via an external source. Blood properties, operating conditions, and empirically determined mass transfer and flow properties are all specified and input into a computer program that numerically solves the design equations. Computer–generated values for the device frontal area, blood path length, and fiber surface area are thereby obtained. The use of this computer–assisted design minimizes the need for extensive trial–and–error testing of prototype devices. Results from in vitro tests of a prototype implantable lung indicate that the mathematical model we describe is an accurate and useful tool in the design of hollow fiber artificial lungs.     

Transhemation of bovine and human hemoglobin polymers in a simulated circulatory system

All-Union Hematology Research Center, Moscow. (Presented by Academician of the Academy of Medical Sciences of the USSR A. I. Vorob'ev.) Translated from Byulleten' Éksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 112, No. 11, pp. 500–501, November, 1991.     

Induced abortion in China and the advances of post abortion family planning service

<正>This is a review of current situation of induced abortion and post abortion family planning service in China. Induced abortion is an important issue in reproductive health. This article reviewed the distribution of induced abortion in various time, areas, and population in China, and explored the character, reason, and harm to reproductive health of induced abortion. Furthermore, this article introduces the concept of Quality of Care Program in Family Planning, and discusses how important and necessary it is to introduce Quality of Care Program in Family Planning to China.     

米非司酮配伍米索前列醇终止早孕用药方法的探讨

作者对１２０例妊娠４９ｄ以内的孕妇采用４种不同的服药方法进行药物流产，其中使用第３、４种用药方法的孕妇均于加用米索前列醇后８ｈ内排出孕囊，且２ｈ内排出率明显增加，与常规用药方法比较有显著性差异（Ｐ＜０．０１），同时对用药机理作了讨论。     

主动免疫恢复T辅助细胞平衡治疗习惯性流产

目的:寻求安全、有效地治疗不明原因习惯性流产(UHA)的方法,并探讨主动免疫治疗前后的细胞因子的免疫功能变化及T辅助细胞的平衡状态。方法:①对35例UHA患者采用丈夫肘静脉血20 m l分离淋巴细胞行主动免疫治疗(妊娠前治疗两次,妊娠后治疗两次);②采用酶联免疫吸附方法对68例UHA患者及30例正常妇女外周血IL-2、IL-4、IL-10、IFN进行检测;③对29例主动免疫后妊娠成功者治疗前后的IL-2、IL-10、Th1/Th2进行检测。结果:①主动免疫组33例妊娠,妊娠成功并分娩29例,妊娠成功率87.88%(29/33),未经主动免疫治疗的对照组妊娠成功率26.67%(8/30),两组相比差异有显著性(P<0.010);②68例UHA患者较正常妇女外周血中IL-2明显升高(P<0.01),IL-10降低(P<0.05),Th1/Th2比值增高(P<0.05);③29例UHA患者主动免疫治疗后妊娠成功者IL-10显著上升(P<0.1),Th1/Th2比值下降(P<0.05)。结论:UHA患者Th1、Th2平衡异常,主动免疫治疗可诱导Th1向Th2转移,恢复Th1、Th2之间的平衡,可用于UHA的治疗。     

口服抗原对巨噬细胞共刺激分子CD80/CD86表达的影响

目的探讨口服抗原对巨噬细胞(M)共刺激分子CD80/CD86表达的影响及其在诱导妊娠免疫耐受中的作用。方法自然流产小鼠(CBA/J×DBA/2)分为免疫组和未免疫组,免疫组分别口服滋养细胞膜抗原(TMA2)和卵清蛋白(OVA),以正常妊娠小鼠(CBA/J×BALB/c)作为对照组。采用双标记流式细胞分析技术,分别检测各组小鼠脾脏及肠系膜淋巴结(MLN)CD80 M和CD86 M的表达。结果MLN内,未免疫组CD80 M表达明显高于对照组(P<0.05),而CD86 M含量明显低于对照组(P<0.001);TMA2免疫组CD80 M含量明显低于未免疫组(P<0.05);OVA免疫组CD86 M含量明显高于未免疫组(P<0.001)。脾脏内,CD80 M表达在各组间比较无显著差异;CD86M表达,未免疫组明显低于对照组(P<0.05),TMA2免疫组显著低于未免疫组(P<0.05),OVA免疫组则显著高于未免疫组(P<0.001)。结论流产的发生与M表面共刺激信号CD80/CD86异常有关;口服适当抗原可改变CD80/CD86 M表达模式,诱导妊娠免疫耐受的形成。     

Medpor义眼座置入同期放置钛钉治疗眼眶凹陷畸形

目的探讨Medpor义眼座植入同期放置钛钉治疗眼球摘除术后眼眶凹陷畸形的有效性和可行性。方法眼球摘除同期置入Medpor义眼座患者80例，随机分为钛钉Ⅰ期置入组和Ⅱ期置入组，每组各40例。比较两组患者术中、术后出现的并发症和患者对义眼活动度和外观的满意程度。结果40例Ⅰ期置入患者术中有37例在术后2～6周时钛钉尾端自发性暴露，只有3例患者需要剪开结膜使钛钉尾端暴露。术后出现并发症者共37例，占46％：其中Ⅰ期置入组17例，Ⅱ期置入组加例，两者差异无统计学意义（P=0．501）。所有患者对其外观和活动度满意，其中Ⅰ期置入组非常满意36例，比较满意4例；Ⅱ期置入组非常满意34例，比较满意6例，两者差异无统计学意义（P=0．502）。结论Medpor义眼座置入同期放置钛钉治疗眼球摘除术后眼眶凹陷畸形，是一种安全有效的手术方法，同时患者避免了再次手术的痛苦。