血管内皮生长因子及其受体与上皮性卵巢癌发展

目的　探讨血管内皮生长因子 (VEGF)及其受体 (KDR)与上皮性卵巢癌发展的关系。方法　用免疫组化方法检测 4 5例人上皮性卵巢癌中VEGF及KDR的表达 ,分析VEGF及KDR表达与卵巢癌FIGO分期、淋巴结转移及预后的关系。结果　 4 5例上皮性卵巢癌中 ,VEGF、KDR表达阳性率分别为 73.3% (33/ 4 5 )、5 7.8% (2 6 / 4 5 )。Ⅲ～Ⅳ期卵巢癌VEGF表达阳性率 (94 .4 % ,17/ 18)高于Ⅰ～Ⅱ期卵巢癌 (5 9.3% ,16 / 2 7)。淋巴结转移阳性组中VEGF表达阳性率 (10 0 % ,12 / 12 )高于淋巴结转移阴性组 (16 / 2 6 ,6 1.5 % ) ,(P <0 .0 5 )。VEGF表达阴性者生存率高于VEGF表达阳性者 (P =0 .0 4 7)。不同组织学类型上皮性卵巢癌中VEGF表达无明显差异。KDR表达与卵巢癌分期、淋巴转移及预后无关。结论　VEGF与上皮性卵巢癌发展有关。     

上皮性卵巢肿瘤中bcl-2、bcl-xl基因的表达及临床意义

目的：探讨凋亡抑制基因bcl-2、bcl-xl在上皮性卵巢肿瘤中的表达及其相互关系。方法：应用免疫组织化学S-P方法检测10例正常卵巢、2l例良性上皮性卵巢肿瘤、12例交界性肿瘤、72例恶性肿瘤组织中bcl-2、bcl-xl基因表达情况．并分析其表达与不同临床病理特征之间的关系。结果：bcl-2在正常卵巢、良性上皮性卵巢肿瘤、交界性肿瘤、恶性肿瘤中阳性表达率分别为10％(1／10)、19．1％(4／21)、50％(6／12)、和55．6％(41／72)，bcl-xl在正常卵巢、良性上皮性卵巢肿瘤中均为阴性表达，在交界性肿瘤和恶性肿瘤中阳性表达率分别为16.67％和48．61％。bcl-2与肿瘤的分化程度有关，分化差者bcl-2表达低。bcl-xl与肿瘤的临床分期有关，在Ⅲ、Ⅳ期恶性肿瘤中的阳性率分别为54．05％、71．43％，Ⅰ、Ⅱ期为12．50％、45．00％；两者均与肿瘤的病理学类型无关。未发现两者有相关关系。结论：本实验结果表明bcl-2和bcl-xl基因参与了卵巢肿瘤的发生发展过程，可作为卵巢恶性肿瘤的分子生物学指标之一。     

mRNA EXPRESSION OF PTEN AND VEGF GENES IN EPITHELIAL OVARIAN CANCER

VEGF gene, also known as vascular permeability factor, has been mapped to chromosome 6p21.3[11]. Biochemically, it is a heparin binding glycoprotein that has in at least four molecular isoforms, among which, VEGF165 occurs most common. VEGF can act as a specific mitogen for a variety of endothelial cells in vitro and as an angiogenic molecule in vivo [11,12]. VEGF is a potent multifunctional cytokine that exerts several potentially independent actions on the vascular endothelium, includin…     

人卵巢癌裸鼠腹腔及网膜移植的研究

目的：建立既符合卵巢癌临床特征，又便于实验观察和分析的人卵巢癌裸鼠异种移植模型。方法：将体外培养的卵巢癌Ａｏ细胞接种于裸鼠皮下和腹腔内，并切取皮下移植瘤；在麻醉状态下对裸鼠进行网膜局部手术移植。结果：腹腔种植成瘤率为７０％（７／１０），肿瘤结节大小不一，分布广泛，其中２只腹水形成；网膜移植全部成瘤，移植瘤呈单一生长，易分离和切除，肿瘤重量一致性较好。结论：人卵巢癌裸鼠网膜异种移植模型直接反映肿瘤生物学行为，便于观察和分析实验结果，适于在卵巢癌实验研究中应用。     

卵巢上皮性癌155例的治疗与预后

目的：探讨卵巢上皮性癌的治疗与影响预后的因素。方法：对１９７０年１月至１９９２年１２月在我院治疗的１５５例卵巢上皮性癌进行回顾性分析。全部手术切除标本经病理检查诊断并按ＦＩＧＯ分期标准进行分期，４２例行２次手术，４例行３次手术。除６例外，余１４９例均于手术后行化疗，３２例于第２次术后再次行化疗，９例因复发再次化疗。结果：２年、５年、１０年的生存率分别为Ⅰ期９２．４％、８７．０％、７０．６％；Ⅱ期９１．９％、６３．６％、４７．８％；Ⅲ期５９．９％、３８．２％、１９．２％；Ⅳ期２５．０％、２５．０％、０．０％（Ｐ＜０．００１）。６例未化疗者均在术后２年内死亡。结果表明，预后与临床分期、细胞分化、残留癌灶大小有关。５年生存率中，Ⅰ期为８７．０％和Ⅲ期为３８．２％（Ｐ＜０．００１）；Ｇ１的５年生存率为９５．９％，Ｇ３为１１．８％（Ｐ＜０．００１）；无残留癌灶者为９７．６％，残留癌灶＞２ｃｍ者为２１．２％（Ｐ＜０．００１）。结论：在卵巢上皮性癌初次手术时残留癌灶＜２ｃｍ，并于术后尽早开始化疗，可提高生存率。     

Solitary intracranial metastases from primary endometrioid ovarian cancer

A rare case of involvement of the Central Nervous System characterized by brain and subsequent cerebellar metastases without abdomino-pelvic spread is reported. The patient was treated by craniotomy plus external radiation to the brain. Subsequently, Carboplatin-based chemotherapy was started when paraaortic lymph-nodes involvement has been detected. Follow-up is uneventful after clinical complete remission. Received: 17 February 1997 / Accepted: 2 June 1997     

阴道彩超检测卵巢动脉主干血流对卵巢肿瘤定性诊断的研究

目的：研究用阴道彩色超声多普勒血流显象（ＴＶＳ－ＣＤＦＩ）技术检测卵巢动脉主干血流定性诊断卵巢肿瘤。方法：应用ＴＶＳ—ＣＤＦＩ技术检测正常妇女５６例、卵巢良性肿物６２例及卵巢恶性肿瘤３２例卵巢动脉总干血流的Ａ（收缩期末血流速度峰值）、Ｂ（舒张期末血流速度峰值）、ＰＩ（搏动指数）、ＲＩ（阻力指数）值，并观察其图型特点。结果：卵巢恶性肿瘤的Ｂ、ＰＩ、ＲＩ与正常卵巢及良性肿瘤测值差异有显著性（Ｐ＜０．０５）；恶性卵巢肿瘤内血管为低阻力血管，卵巢动脉主干也随之发生变化，致ＰＩ、ＲＩ降低；将ＰＩ＝１．２０，ＲＩ＝０．６２作为诊断卵巢恶性肿瘤的界值，其灵敏度、特异度、阳性预测值、阴性预测值指标与声像图诊断相比，均明显提高。结论：ＴＶＳ－ＣＤＦＩ检测卵巢动脉总干血流对鉴别卵巢肿瘤的良、恶性具有重要的意义。     

应用末端脱氧核苷酰转移酶法研究化疗药诱导人肿瘤细胞的凋亡

应用末端脱氧核苷酰转移酶法（ＴｄＴ法）研究抗肿瘤药物诱导人肿瘤细胞的凋亡。方法应用ＴｄＴ法、ＤＮＡ凝胶电泳以及电镜、光镜等技术研究有关细胞的凋亡。结果本研究表明，顺铂可以诱导人白血病ＨＬ－６０细胞和经ＳＶ４０－Ｔ转染的人支气管上皮细胞的凋亡，并有很好的剂量和时间反应，同时还观察到，这些细胞的ｂｃｌ－２ｍＲＮＡ表达降低先于细胞凋亡的发生。应用ＴｄＴ法检测，在卡铂治疗的卵巢癌患者的肿瘤组织中观察到了凋亡细胞。结论ＴｄＴ法有可能用于检测经化疗诱导的人肿瘤细胞的凋亡，以及评价治疗过程中肿瘤细胞对治疗的反应。     

泰素治疗八例晚期复发的卵巢癌

目的：验证泰素对晚期、复发的卵巢上皮癌的疗效。方法：回顾分析1994年7月至1995年3月国内最早试用美国百时美施贵宝公司提供的商用泰素治疗8例卵巢癌的结果。结果：8例可评价病人中，3例达到部分反应（PR），总反应率37.5％（3／8），主要副作用是脱发、腹痛、腹泻和感觉异常。结论：证明泰素对晚期、复发的卵巢上皮癌治疗的有效性，特别是有效者明显延长了生存期。     

Abrogated energy-dependent uptake of cisplatin in a cisplatin-resistant subline of the human ovarian cancer cell line IGROV-1

The parental IGROV-1 human ovarian adenocarcinoma cell line was intermittently exposed to increasing concentrations of cisplatin to obtain resistant sublines. A stable resistant subline with a resistance factor of 8.4 had been developed after 9 months and 28 passages, which was denoted IGROV_CDDP. A high correlation coefficient of 0.97 was found between the log cell survival and the DNA-adduct peak level during the process of resistance development. IGROV_CDDP was strongly cross-resistant to carboplatin and doxorubicin and moderately cross-resistant to etoposide, docetaxel, and topotecan. Only minor resistance against 5-fluorouracil was observed, whereas IGROV_CDDP was not cross-resistant to methotrexate. Intracellular accumulation of cisplatin was 65% lower in IGROV_CDDP as compared with parental IGROV-1 at 37  °C under normal conditions. Coincubation of cisplatin with the Na⁺/K⁺-ATPase inhibitor ouabain resulted in a more pronounced decrease in platinum accumulation in IGROV-1 (44% decrease) than in IGROV_CDDP (26% decrease). Under energy-depleting conditions the accumulation of cisplatin in the parental cell line was approximately 60% lower than that observed under normal (energy [i.e., ATP] rich) culture conditions. In contrast, the accumulation in IGROV_CDDP was not affected by ATP-depletion. There appeared to be no significant difference between the intracellular accumulation of platinum in the resistant and sensitive cells under conditions of energy deprivation or when the uptake was studied at 0  °C. In conclusion, abrogation of energy-dependent accumulation in IGROV_CDDP seems to be a major mechanism of resistance to cisplatin in this cell line. Received: 21 January 1997 / Accepted: 22 July 1997