牙体预备在口腔修复中的应用

目的 探究牙体预备在口腔修复中的应用效果。方法 选取2021年1月-12月在我院进行牙齿修补的100例患者,根据牙体预备情况不同分为对照组和观察组,每组50例。对照组采用传统牙体预备,观察组应用烤瓷贴面切缘未包绕型-Ⅰ型牙体预备,比较两组治疗情况、口腔功能评分。结果 观察组治愈率（68.00%）高于对照组（52.00%）,差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）;观察组并发症发生率（2.00%）、复发率（2.00%）低于对照组（16.00%、14.00%）,差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）;观察组满意度（84.00%）高于对照组（50.00%）,差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）;观察组语言功能、咀嚼功能评分均优于对照组,差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。结论 对于进行牙齿修补的患者应用烤瓷贴面切缘未包绕型-Ⅰ型预备可以提高治愈率,改善患者的语言和咀嚼功能,降低不良反应发生率和复发率,且患者满意度高。     

微创环切技术在老年牙列缺损患者中的应用效果

目的 分析微创环切技术在老年牙列缺损患者治疗中的作用。方法 选取2021年1月-12月我院收 治的98例老年牙列缺损患者作为研究对象,应用随机数字表法分为对照组和观察组,各49例。对照组采 用传统翻瓣种植术进行治疗,观察组采用微创环切术进行治疗,比较两组不良事件发生率、炎症应激反 应、疼痛介质含量、种植牙稳定性、骨吸收水平以及美观度。结果 观察组不良事件发生率低于对照组 （ P ＜0.05）;观察组术后3 d炎症应激各项指标均低于对照组（ P ＜0.05）;观察组术后3 d各项疼痛介质含 量均低于对照组（ P ＜0.05）;观察组种植牙稳定性高于对照组,骨吸收量低于对照组（ P ＜0.05）;观察 组术后3、6、12个月美观度评分均高于对照组（ P ＜0.05）。结论 微创环切技术应用于老年牙列缺损治疗 中效果确切,可以促进骨吸收、提高牙体稳定性和美观度,有利于减轻炎症应激反应以及疼痛情况。     

隐形矫治配合牙周基础治疗对牙周炎患者炎症细胞因子的影响

目的 观察隐形矫治配合牙周基础治疗对牙周炎患者的炎症细胞因子、牙周健康指数的影响。 方法 选取2021年1月-2022年3月于南宁微笑天使口腔医院接受口腔正畸治疗的60例牙周炎患者为研究对 象,随机分为对照组和观察组,每组30例。对照组给予隐形矫治器治疗,观察组在隐形矫治器治疗前先 进行1次牙周基础治疗,佩戴隐形矫治器1年后再进行1次牙周基础治疗,比较两组血清炎症因子水平、 牙周健康指数及满意度。结果 观察组TNF-α、IL-8、IL-6水平均低于对照组（P＜0.05）;观察组菌斑 指数、牙龈出血指数、牙周袋深度均优于对照组（P＜0.05）;观察组满意度为100.00%,高于对照组的 80.00%（P＜0.05）。结论 隐形矫治配合牙周基础治疗可有效降低牙周炎患者的炎性因子水平,有利于改 善患者的牙周状况,且患者满意度较高。     

Prophylactic oral ganciclovir after renal transplantation-dosing and pharmacokinetics

Ganciclovir alone or in combination with hyperimmunoglobulin is replacing other treatment modalities for the prophylactic treatment of cytomegalovirus (CMV) infections. No dose recommendations are available for oral ganciclovir therapy in children with impaired renal function after renal transplantation of a kidney from a CMV IgG-positive donor. We undertook a pharmacokinetic study in 14 pediatric renal transplant recipients who were CMV IgG negative and had received a graft from a CMV IgG-positive donor. We estimated the daily dosage of oral ganciclovir in relation to the glomerular filtration rate (GFR). Oral ganciclovir was administered at a starting dose of 3 × 1 g for children with a weight above 50 kg, 3 × 750 mg for children between 50 and 37.5 kg, and 3 × 500 mg for children between 37.5 and 24 kg. The starting dose was reduced by 50% for GFR values ≤50 ml/min per 1.73 m² and by 75% for GFR values ≤25 ml/min per 1.73 m². The daily dose was divided into three daily doses unless GFR was <40 ml/min per 1.73 m², when only two daily doses were given. Doses were adjusted according to the measured plasma trough concentrations (c) using the simple formula: c _ganciclovir(measured)/c _ganciclovir(desired) = dosage rate(used)/dosage rate(adjusted). Mean stable plasma trough concentration was 0.91±0.68 μg/ml. The dosage rate, adjusted to a trough concentration of 1.0 μg/ml, correlated with the GFR. The dose per day could be calculated according to a simple equation for a GFR <100 ml/min per 1.73 m²: dosage per day (mg/kg per day) = GFR. No CMV disease developed in any of the patients during oral ganciclovir, but 1 patient developed an acute rejection episode and a positive pp65 antigen 5 weeks after discontinuation of ganciclovir. The drug was well tolerated and without side effects. Received March 3, 1997; received in revised form July 25, 1997; accepted July 30, 1997     

Simultaneous reconstruction of the oral commissure,lip and buccal mucosa with microvascular transfer of combined first–second toe web and dorsalis pedis flap

The reconstruction of oral commissure, lip and mucosa defects following tumour resection is a challenging task to the reconstructive surgeon owing to the increasing aesthetic and functional demands. The authors describe a case in which the use of combined first–second toe web with dorsalis pedis flap was transferred and an optimal result was achieved for the oral commissure, lip and buccal mucosa following resection of squamous cell carcinoma and local flap failure.     

Oral health-related quality of life in Iranian patients with spinal cord injury: A case–control study

IntroductionThe study aimed to compare the oral health variables, general, and oral health-related quality of life (QoL), depression, and anxiety between spinal cord injury (SCI) patients and healthy controls and also to determine the key factors related to the oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) in the SCI patients.MethodsA total of 203 SCI patients and 203 healthy controls were enrolled. Patients and healthy adults were invited to attend a dental clinic to complete the study measures and undergo oral clinical examinations. OHRQoL was assessed by the 14-item Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP-14), and the general health-related quality of life (GHRQoL) was evaluated by SF-36. In SCI patients, depression and anxiety were recorded using the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS), while Functional Assessment Measure (FAM) was used to assess dependence and disability. All the subjects were examined for caries which was quantified using the decayed, missing, and filled Teeth (DMFT) index, gingival bleeding index (GI), plaque index, and periodontal status by community periodontal index (CPI).ResultsThe analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) revealed significant differences between the two groups in terms of oral health expressed in DMFT, oral hygiene, and periodontal status, controlled for age, gender, family income, and occupational status (p < 0.001). Using the hierarchical linear regression analyses, in the final model, which accounted for 18% of the total variance (F(126.7), p < 0.01), significant predictors of OHRQoL were irregular tooth brushing (β = 1.23; 95% CI = 1.06; 1.41), smoking (β = 0.82; 95% CI = 0.66; 0.97), dry mouth (β = 0.37; 95% CI = −0.65 to 0.10) functional and motor functioning (β = 0.32; 95% CI = −0.45 to 0.17), DMFT (β = 0.06; 95% CI = 0.02; 0.09), CPI (β = 0.22; 95% CI = 0.04; 0.04), physical component measure of GHRQoL (β = −0.275; 95% CI = −0.42 to 0.13), lesion level at the lumbar–sacral (β = −0.18; 95% CI = −0.29 to −0.06) and thoracic level (β = −0.09; 95% CI = −0.11 to −0.06).ConclusionSCI patients had poor oral hygiene practices, greater levels of plaque, gingival bleeding, and caries experience than the healthy controls. In addition, more number of SCI patients had periodontal pockets and dry mouth than the comparative group. SCI patients experienced more depression and anxiety, poor GHRQoL, and OHRQoL than the healthy control group. The factors that influenced OHRQoL in SCI patients were age, toothbrushing frequency, smoking, oral clinical status, depression, physical component of GHRQoL, and level of lesion.     

“2×4”矫治器配合活动矫治器治疗替牙期反及深覆体会

目的：总结＂2×4＂矫治器配合活动矫治器治疗替牙期前牙反或深覆盖的体会,探讨简单、适用、有效的治疗方法。方法：选择来我科就诊的替牙期前牙反患者21例,前牙深覆盖18例。前牙反采用＂2×4＂矫治器配合垫式活动矫治器治疗;前牙深覆盖采用＂2×4＂矫治器配合斜导式活动矫治器治疗。结果：取得预期治疗效果,矫治结束时前牙反患者其前牙反得以解除,前牙有正常的覆、覆盖关系,前牙深覆盖患者其覆、覆盖关系有明显改善,完成时间2.5～6个月。结论：对替牙期前牙反覆较深的或下颌后缩型深覆盖患者采用＂2×4＂矫治器配合活动矫治器治疗,操作简单、疗程短、效果肯定。     

口服补液对烧伤休克犬肺组织含水量和血管通透性的影响

目的 了解口服补液对烧伤休克犬肺组织含水量和血管通透性的影响.方法 雄性Beagle犬18只,行颈动、静脉置管后24 h造成50%TBSAⅢ度烧伤.伤后随机分为不补液组、口服补液组和静脉补液组,每组6只.伤后第1个24 h不补液组不作任何治疗,口服补液组和静脉补液组分别经胃管或静脉输注葡萄糖-电解质溶液;伤后24 h起3组犬均给予静脉补液.统计各组犬伤后72 h内的死亡率.测定3组犬伤前、伤后30 min和4、8、24、48、72 h非麻孵状态下的平均动脉压(MAP)、呼吸频率(RR)、PaO2、血管外肺水指数(ELWI)和肺血管通透性指数(PVPI),于伤后72 h或犬濒死前测定肺组织含水率.结果 不补液组6只犬均在伤后9～22 h死亡,口服补液组中3只犬伤后25～47 h死亡,静脉补液组犬无一死亡.不补液组伤后8 h RR为(44.0±5.0)次/min、ELWI(10.3±0.6)mL/kg、PVPI 6.6±0.6,比伤前大幅增加;PaO2和MAP均明显低于伤前(P<0.05).口服补液组伤后8 h RR为(33.0±4.0)次/min、ELWI(8.9±0.3)mL/kg、PVPI 5.7±0.4,显著低于不补液组(P<0.05),但高于静脉补液组[(26.0±3.0)次/min、(8.2±0.3)mL/kg、4.2±0.4,P<0.05];口服补液组PaO2和MAP均高于不补液组(P<0.05).两补液组肺组织含水率相近(P>0.05),均低于不补液组(P<0.05).结论 早期口服补液对烧伤犬肺的保护作用虽不如静脉补液,但与不补液相比能显著改善休克期肺血管通透性,减轻肺水肿,减少肺脏并发症.     

肛门缝扎器在混合痔黏膜环切吻合术中的应用

将60例混合痔患者随机分为两组,治疗组30例采用自制肛门缝扎器治疗,对照组30例采用普通肛门缝扎器治疗,并对两组进行对比观察。结果两组患者均一次性治愈,但治疗组平均荷包缝合时间、平均需缝扎止血点均少于对照组（P〈0．01,P〈O．05）。结果表明,自制肛门缝扎器做荷包缝合的时间明显缩短,出血点较少,且操作简单,使用方便。     

122名高性能战斗机飞行员患龋状况调查

目的 调查高性能战斗机飞行员患龋状况,为飞行员口腔健康保健提出建议. 方法 通过口腔和全口曲面断层片检查对122名高性能战斗机飞行员(男性103名,女性19名)的患龋牙数、龋损程度、根尖周病变情况和接受治疗情况进行分析.其龋损程度分为龋损未达髓腔和龋损已达髓腔两类,对龋损已达髓腔牙齿的根管治疗情况进行分析. 结果 122名高性能战斗机飞行员患龋率为41.0％,其中男性为35.0％,女性为73.7％,男女性别之间有统计学差异(x2＝9.950,P＜0.01);根尖周病变率为9.0％,其中男性为7.8％,女性为15.8％,男女性别之间无统计学差异;共检出患龋牙数为155颗(94.2％已做充填治疗),其中63颗龋损已达牙髓腔(54.0％进行了根管充填),17颗患牙有根尖周病变. 结论 高性能战斗机飞行员的口腔健康状况不佳;需进一步完善现行飞行员口腔医学选拔标准,特别是潜在急性炎症的慢性牙病;采取医疗保健措施,提高飞行员口腔卫生保健水平.