62例咽旁间隙肿瘤临床分析

目的：探讨咽旁间隙肿瘤的诊断和治疗方法及熟悉咽旁间隙解剖与肿瘤关系。方法：回顾性分析62例咽旁间隙肿瘤的临床资料。结果：咽旁间隙肿瘤中病理类型较多,但以神经鞘膜肿瘤比例较大,占41.9%,混合瘤22.6%,畸胎瘤、错构瘤、脊索瘤、恶性淋巴瘤及脑膜瘤等共占35.5%。进行以颈侧入路为主的4种手术入路,2例肿瘤复发（1例神经鞘膜瘤,1例转移癌）,再次手术治愈,其余均一次性手术治愈。结论：咽旁间隙肿瘤临床表现复杂,病理类型多样,肿瘤预后较好。其诊断较难,除症状体征外,CT、MRI及B超对咽旁间隙肿瘤的诊断有重要价值。手术径路是根据患者体征、影像学特征结合肿瘤位置、大小及性质而最终确定。颈侧入路为主要手术途径,气管切开为预防窒息措施。     

鼻内镜下鼻腔成形术治疗结构性鼻炎

目的:探讨鼻内镜下治疗结构性鼻炎的手术方法和疗效。方法:对84例结构性鼻炎患者行鼻内镜下鼻腔成形术。包括:①三段法下鼻甲功能性部分切除;②中鼻甲成形;③窦口鼻道复合体功能性切除;④鼻中隔黏膜下矫正。手术结合患者主诉症状、鼻内镜检查和鼻窦CT分析,将上述各个单一手术进行组合,制定个性化方案进行手术。结果:术后随访8~12个月,平均10个月。痊愈59例(70.24%),有效21例(25.00%),无效4例(4.76%),总有效率95.24%。结论:结构性鼻炎是由于鼻腔存在多种结构异常而引起功能异常的一类疾病。鼻内镜下鼻腔成形术是对双侧鼻腔进行统一的功能性矫正,恢复鼻腔对称性整体结构的手术,应进行统一规范。     

腹腔镜治疗儿童先天性食管裂孔旁疝

目的 分析和研究腹腔镜下治疗儿童先天性食管裂孔旁疝的经验.方法 2005年至2010年诊治10例食管裂孔旁疝的患儿,其中5例为混合性食管裂孔疝.年龄8个月～10岁,平均年龄5.2岁,男6例,5例表现为贫血,2例反复呼吸道感染,3例反复呕吐伴营养不良,术前通过胃肠钡餐检查(GI)及胸部CT检查,均发现右侧胸腔占位及胃泡影,其中2例胸腔被腹腔内容物占据.采用改良Thal方法,腹腔镜下修补食管裂孔旁疝,切除疝囊,关闭裂孔,并作抗反流.结果 全部病例在腹腔镜下行改良Thal法治疗,手术时间90～150 min,术中发现疝孔大小3.0～5.5cm,大部分胃组织疝入后纵隔,其中3例患儿伴有结肠疝入,同时合并有4例胃扭转,患儿均有巨大的疝囊组织.术后行GI检查,无反流,胃泡位置正常,胃肠功能恢复好,术后3～5 d出院,随访6个月,贫血及术前症状均消失,生长发育良好.结论 先天性食管裂孔旁疝通常伴有其他并发症,需要早期诊断、早期治疗,如果缺损较大伴有食管贲门交界处疝入后纵隔,需要在修补裂孔的基础上做抗反流手术,腹腔镜下改良Thal是一种有效的治疗方法.

Abstract：

Objective The aim of this study was to analyze our experience of diagnosis and treatment of congenital paraesophageal hiatal hernia(PEHH). Methods Between 2005 and 2010, the records of 10 patients with PEHH were retrospectively reviewed. Five patients had a combination of sliding and paraesophageal hernia. The age ranged from 8 month to 10 year. Average age was 5. 2 year.Five case presented with anemia,2 cases with recurrent respiratory infection. 3 cases with vomiting and failure to thrive. Diagnosis was confirmed by upper gastro-intestinal constrast study and chest CT scans. All patients present with right paracardiac opacity and gas bubbles in the right lower thorax. In two cases, the opacity occupied the right thorax. We carried out modified Thal procedure to repair the paraesophageal hiatal hernia. Results Thal procedure was successfully completed in all patients. The.operation time ranged from 90 minutes to 150 minutes. The diameter of these hernia ranged from 3 to 5. 5 cm with most of stomach displaced into the thorax. Three pateints had transverse colon herniated into the thorax. In four patients, the gastric volvulus was encountered. Post-operatively, there was no evidence of gastro-esophageal reflux. Patients were discharged in 3 to 5 days. Symptoms subsided and the growth of the children was normal. Conclusions Early diagnosis and treatment for congenital paraesophageal hiatal hernia is recommended. Large defect is associated with displacement of gastro-esophageal junction into the thorax. Additional antireflux procedure to is recommended. The modified Thal procedure is an effective way of repairing PEHH.     

腹腔镜辅助下先天性巨结肠升结肠拖出根治术

目的 运用腹腔镜及超声刀技术对不能用经肛门拖出术式的小儿长段型巨结肠病例施行根治手术，充分发挥腹腔镜的微创手术优点，探讨其操作方法和特点。方法 对2000年6月至2001年11月收治的8例长段型先天性巨结肠患儿，使用腹腔镜及超声刀技术施行升结肠逆时针翻转拖出（Deloyers法）的先天性巨结肠根治术（改良Soave术）。观察手术过程、术中出血、术后合并症的出现、大便排出等情况。术后门诊随访。结果 8例手术均获成功，手术时间190－240min，平均218min。手术出血最多1例为20ml，余均少于5ml，无术后继发性出血，无术中和术后早期并发症。8例术后均在门诊复诊，随访3－20个月，所有患儿每日排便1－8次，无大便失禁或污粪。5例术后3个月大便稀糊状，半年后转成形大便。结论 应用腹腔镜超声刀技术可有效地施行升结肠拖出手术治疗长段型巨结肠，手术可弥补经肛门拖出手术和开腹手术的不足，近期效果良好。     

Full-Endoscopic versus Minimally Invasive Lumbar Interbody Fusion for Lumbar Degenerative Diseases : A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

ObjectiveAlthough full-endoscopic lumbar interbody fusion (Endo-LIF) has been tried as the latest alternative technique to minimally invasive transforaminal lumbar interobody fusion (MIS-TLIF) since mid-2010, the evidence is still lacking. We compared the clinical outcome and safety of Endo-LIF to MIS-TLIF for lumbar degenerative disease. MethodsWe systematically searched electronic databases, including PubMed, EMBASE, and Cochrane Library to find literature comparing Endo-LIF to MIS-TLIF. The results retrieved were last updated on December 11, 2020. The perioperative outcome included the operation time, blood loss, complication, and hospital stay. The clinical outcomes included Visual analog scale (VAS) of low back pain and leg pain and Oswestry disability index (ODI), and the radiological outcome included pseudoarthosis rate with 12-month minimum follow-up. ResultsFour retrospective observational studies and one prospective observational study comprising 423 patients (183 Endo-LIF and 241 MIS-TLIF) were included, and the pooled data analysis revealed low heterogeneity between studies in our review. Baseline characteristics including age and sex were not different between the two groups. Operation time was significantly longer in Endo-LIF (mean difference [MD], 23.220 minutes; 95% confidence interval [CI], 10.669–35.771; p=0.001). However, Endo-LIF resulted in less perioperative blood loss (MD, -144.710 mL; 95% CI, 247.941–41.478; p=0.023). Although VAS back pain at final (MD, -0.120; p=0.586), leg pain within 2 weeks (MD, 0.005; p=0.293), VAS leg pain at final (MD, 0.099; p=0.099), ODI at final (MD, 0.141; p=0.093) were not different, VAS back pain within 2 weeks was more favorable in the Endo-LIF (MD, -1.538; 95% CI, -2.044 to -1.032; p<0.001). On the other hand, no statistically significant group difference in complication rate (relative risk [RR], 0.709; p=0.774), hospital stay (MD, -2.399; p=0.151), and pseudoarthrosis rate (RR, 1.284; p=0.736) were found. ConclusionRelative to MIS-TLIF, immediate outcomes were favorable in Endo-LIF in terms of blood loss and immediate VAS back pain, although complication rate, mid-term clinical outcomes, and fusion rate were not different. However, the challenges for Endo-LIF include longer operation time which means a difficult learning curve and limited surgical indication which means patient selection bias. Larger-scale, well-designed study with long-term follow-up and randomized controlled trials are needed to confirm and update the results of this systematic review.     

关节镜辅助复位内固定与切开复位内固定治疗胫骨平台骨折的疗效比较

目的:比较关节镜辅助复位内固定（ARIF）和切开复位内固定（ORIF）治疗胫骨平台骨折的疗效。方法:回顾性分析2016年1月至2018年8月华中科技大学附属协和医院骨科收治的75例胫骨平台骨折患者的资料。男58例,女17例;年龄20~54岁,平均47岁。左侧42例,右侧33例。骨折根据Schatzker分型：Ⅰ型23例...     

胆道探查致十二指肠损伤的诊治分析

目的探讨胆道探查致十二指肠损伤的诊断和治疗方法。方法回顾性分析我院2005年5月-2008年5月9例胆道探查致十二指肠损伤病案的临床资料。结果3例术中及时发现并行穿孔修补后痊愈出院;6例术中未及时发现而再次手术,其中1例行穿孔修补,4例行穿孔处置管引流＋腹腔冲洗＋肝下及十二指肠后置双套管持续负压引流＋胃肠减压后痊愈出院;1例非手术治疗并发MODS死亡。结论积极预防是重点,术中及时发现和正确处理是关键,并发十二指肠瘘后建立可靠通畅的十二指肠内外引流简单而有效。     

复发性鼻腔及鼻窦恶性黑色素瘤的治疗

目的 探讨鼻腔及鼻窦恶性黑色素瘤复发的原因和治疗方法.方法 回顾性分析1993～2003年我科收治的11例复发性鼻腔及鼻窦恶性黑色素瘤患者的临床资料.结果 临床误诊或误治引起的复发患者4例,病理明确手术治疗后复发7例,其中5例为单纯手术后复发,2例为手术加术后放疗后复发.11例复发病例中,局部复发局限于鼻腔及鼻窦7例;局部复发侵犯眼眶、颅底、软腭及硬腭1例;局部复发侵犯腮腺和皮肤1例;面部、眼眶及颅底广泛侵犯者1例;颈部淋巴结转移复发1例.首次复发时间最短为治疗后10个月.所有病例再次手术治疗后的累积生存率为:1年生存率72.7%,2年生存率18.2%,3年生存率9.1%.结论 减少误诊,选择适当的治疗方法是提高复发性鼻腔及鼻窦恶性黑色素瘤治愈的主要手段.     

经鼻内镜联合额窦前壁开窗双径路手术治疗额窦疾病

目的 探讨经鼻内镜联合额窦前壁开窗双径路治疗额窦疾病的手术指征.方法 回顾性分析24例经鼻内镜联合额窦前壁开窗双径路手术治疗额窦疾病的临床资料,其中额窦后壁粉碎性骨折并脑脊液漏16例、额窦骨瘤5例、额窦内翻性乳头状瘤2例、额窦内翻性乳头状瘤癌变1例.结果 16例额窦脑脊液漏均一次修补成功,5例额窦骨瘤、2例内翻性乳头状瘤和1例内翻性乳头状瘤癌变者均一次手术切除,术后完全恢复,无术中、术后并发症发生.手术后额窦脑脊液漏患者随访3～132个月;额窦骨瘤患者随访8～38个月;额窦内翻性乳头状瘤及癌变患者随访7～42个月,中位随访时间36个月,病变均元复发,额窦引流通畅,额部无影响容貌的缺陷.结论病变主体位于额窦后壁、有复发倾向或恶性病变,以及病变范围或手术部位的外侧界限超越眶纸板平面是经鼻内镜联合额窦前壁开窗双径路的手术指征.