Implementing a Multicomponent School-Based Obesity Prevention Intervention: A Qualitative Study

ObjectiveTo explore barriers and facilitators to implementing and sustaining Healthy Choices, a 3-year multicomponent obesity prevention intervention implemented in middle schools in Massachusetts.MethodsUsing purposive sampling, 56 in-depth interviews were conducted with middle school employees representing different positions (administrators, teachers, food service personnel, and employees serving as intervention coordinators). Interviews were recorded and transcribed. Emergent themes were identified using thematic analyses.ResultsState-mandated testing, budget limitations, and time constraints were viewed as implementation barriers, whereas staff buy-in, external support, and technical assistance were seen as facilitating implementation. Respondents thought that intervention sustainability depended on external funding and expert assistance.Conclusions and ImplicationsResults confirm the importance of gaining faculty and staff support. Schools implementing large-scale interventions should consider developing sustainable partnerships with organizations that can provide resources and ongoing training. Sustainability of complex interventions may depend on state-level strategies that provide resources for implementation and technical assistance.     

A mosque-based methadone maintenance treatment strategy: Implementation and pilot results

BackgroundThis paper describes the rationale, implementation and operation of a “world first” Islamic inspired methadone maintenance treatment project delivered in a mosque setting and presents the outcome for the first group of participants. The project explored the viability of expanding addiction recovery services through the network of mosques in Muslim communities.MethodsThe project combined methadone maintenance with peer and religious counseling. Participants consisted of 36 male Muslim heroin users who went through the project. Urine tests and self-reported measures on various dimensions relevant to drug use and quality of life were collected at baseline and 12 months.ResultsThe project had a 12 month retention rate of 80%. At 12 months all but one participant tested negative for opioids and other substances. Self-report measures showed significant reductions in the degree and variety of drug use, improvements in general health, and psychological and social functioning of participants. Qualitative data showed that availability of methadone, convenient location and religion were the main reasons drawing participants to the program.ConclusionsMosques are viable venues for offering medication assisted recovery services and offer an alternative approach for managing addiction in Muslim communities. The prospect of mobilizing community resources to offer community-oriented long-term recovery management programs in mosques and other places of worship deserves consideration.     

情景演练式健康指导对提高乳腺癌术后患者功能锻炼依从性的作用

目的探讨指导乳腺癌术后患者功能锻炼的有效模式，提高患者对功能锻炼的依从性。方法选择乳腺癌根治术后患者180例，随机分为观察组和对照组。对照组80例给予常规护理及术后功能锻炼指导，观察组100例除实施以上措施外，护理人员采用情景表演方式对患者进行有效的功能锻炼指导与培训，对比观察两组患者对术后功能锻炼依从性的情况。结果对照组术后功能锻炼依从性为92．5％，观察组患者通过接受护理人员情境演练式功能锻炼指导及培训，术后功能锻炼依从性达99％，与对照组比较，差异有显著意义（P〈0.01）。结论情景演练式健康指导对提高乳腺癌术后患者功能锻炼依从性有较好的作用，可降低术后并发症发生，减轻患者痛苦，促进患者病情康复，值得在I临床推广。     

心胸外科泌尿系统感染原因分析及临床治疗探析

目的：分析心胸外科患者术后泌尿系统感染原因及临床治疗探析。方法：将2011年6月-2013年6月在本院进行心胸外科手术治疗的100例泌尿系统感染的患者分成感染组和非感染组，对其基本资料进行详细调查，并对人院后病例进行调查，收集相关数据，对数据进行统计分析，以分析泌尿系统感染的因素并探析其治疗方法。结果：发现糖尿病、导尿管拔管时问、是否进行抗菌药物预防性治疗与心胸外科患者术后泌尿系统感染有密切关系。结论：影响心胸外科术后泌尿系统感染的因素有糖尿病史、导尿管拔管时间、是否进行抗菌药物预防性治疗，针对上述因素探析相应的护理干预。     

对剖宫产妇泌乳始动时间及泌乳量实施综合护理干预的效果

目的对剖宫产妇进行综合护理干预，观察和研究护理对产妇泌乳始动时间和泌乳量的影响。方法将我院收治的40例剖宫产妇进行随机分为观察组和对照组，每组各20例。对照组对产妇进行常规的护理，观察组在对照组护理的基础上，对产妇进行综合护理干预。结果观察组产妇的泌乳始动时间和泌乳量要明显比对照组好，差异显著，具有统计学意义（P<0.05）。结论对产妇进行综合护理干预，能够有效地使得产妇的泌乳始动时间提前，同时增加其泌乳量，进而减少了产妇乳胀情况的发生，提高了母乳喂养效果。     

肛肠术后患者尿潴留原因分析及护理对策

目的：分析肛肠术后尿潴留的原因。方法：对300例肛肠术后患者采取积极的排尿诱导及心理护理。结果：本组病例中有10例男性患者因前列腺增生最终行导尿治疗,50例患者用开塞露刺激肠蠕动排出尿液,其余240例患者经过采取积极的排尿诱导及心理护理均达到了自主排尿的目的。结论：对肛肠术后患者采取积极的排尿诱导、针对性的护理措施及心理护理,减少了肛肠术后患者尿潴留的发生率,减轻了患者痛苦,有利于患者肛肠疾病的早日恢复。     

泪道探通术联合硅胶管植入术治疗鼻泪管阻塞的护理研究

目的探讨泪道探通术联合硅胶管植入术的临床护理对提高鼻泪管阻塞患者的治愈率,缓解患者生理、心理上痛苦的效果。方法筛选2011年10月-2013年10月就诊于武警后勤学院附属医院眼科的50例(50眼)鼻泪管阻塞患者,通过泪道探通术联合硅胶管植入术进行治疗,并对其实施围术期护理和出院指导,观察其预后疗效。结果治愈42眼,好转6眼,无效2眼,有效率:治愈+好转=96%。结论通实施对泪道探通术联合硅胶管植入术的围术期护理和出院指导,可提高鼻泪管阻塞患者的治疗成功率,从而使患者的疾病得到改善,生活质量得到提高。