The local spread of lower bile duct cancer: evaluation by thin-section helical CT

This study illustrates the local spread of lower bile duct cancer with thin-section helical CT in correlation with the surgical and pathological findings. Pathologically, 16 patients had pancreatic invasion, 4 had small bowel mesentery invasion, 7 had extrapancreatic nerve plexus invasion, and 3 patients had vascular invasion. On thin-section helical CT, pancreatic invasion was correlated to the clarity or non-clarity of the bile duct mass-pancreas border and the presence of an intrapancreatic mass. Cases with small bowel mesentery and extrapancreatic nerve plexus invasion showed mass or stranding around the superior mesenteric artery and/or inferior pancreatoduodenal artery. Vascular invasion was seen as tumor contiguity to these vessels. Received: 28 September 1998; Revised: 30 December 1998; Accepted: 2 April 1999     

Cervical chordoma with vertebral artery encasement mimicking neurofibroma: MRI findings

A case of cervical chordoma in a 36-year-old white man with hypoesthesia in the neck and right shoulder, neck pain, and restricted neck mobility is presented. Plain radiographs of the cervical spine showed radiolucency of the body of C2 on the right side and enlargement of the right intervertebral foramen at C2–C3 level. Tumor encasement of the vertebral artery was demonstrated by MR imaging and confirmed by conventional arteriography. This proved to be particularly important for preoperative assessment. Received: 8 February 1999; Revised: 26 October 1999; Accepted: 18 November 1999     

香菇多糖联合抗生素治疗恶性肿瘤围化疗期肺部感染120例临床观察

目的：本文观察香菇多糖对恶性肿瘤患者围化疗期肺部感染抗生素治疗的增效作用。方法：120例围化疗期发生肺部感染恶性肿瘤患者在接受抗生素治疗的同时，随机分成加用香菇多糖针和不加香菇多糖针静脉滴注两组。每组各60例。结果：接受抗生素及香菇多糖联合治疗的患者的有效率显著提高（P〈0．05）．临床症状、体征与X光胸部片改善时间大幅缩短。结论：香菇多糖对恶性肿瘤患者围化疗期肺部感染抗生素治疗有明显增效作用。     

Neoplastic diseases of the head & neck in children

Pediatric neoplasm is next only to trauma as the most common cause of death. The cervicofacial malignancies presents a unique challenge owing to potential adverse effects of both the disease process and the treatment employed on critical developing head and neck structures. This study comprised of 106 children below 12 years age group conducted during 1999–2003 at JNMC, Aligarh. Of 106 cases 70 were benign neoplasms and 36 malignant neoplasms. Nasopharynx was the commonest site of involvement. Nasopharyngeal angiofibroma was the commonest benign tumour and lymphoma was the commonest malignant neoplasm. Team approach is required for mitigation of the disease process.     

肺癌转移相关基因的差减文库的构建

目的发现与肺癌转移相关的基因.方法选择4例转移和5例非转移患者肺癌的RNA混合样品进行差减杂交.经过两步骤的杂交后,构建了转移相关基因的差减文库.对获得阳性克隆进行测序和同源性分析.结果一共获得了225个阳性克隆.在GenBank中序列比对的结果表明,它们分属124个基因.其中25个基因出现的频率大于一次,并有9个序列未找到同源基因.结论该结果将有助于各类肿瘤转移相关基因的研究.     

多原发癌组织中p53 表达状况研究

 目的 研究多原发癌组织中的p53蛋白表达状况，探讨抑癌基因p53在多原发癌的发生、发展中的意义。方法 应用免疫组织化学方法检测21例双原发癌组织中的p53蛋白表达。结果 21例患者中，第一癌和第二癌p53均阳性者9例(42．85％，9／21)，仅一次p53阳性者9例(42．85％，9／21)，两次均阴性者3例(14．12％，3／21)。结论 抑癌基因p53在多原发癌的发生、发展中可能起重要作用，对这些发现的意义值得进一步研究。     

A CLINICAL STUDY ON PROSTATE CANCER DIAGNOSIS WITH cDNA MACROARRAY

Objective: To diagnose prostatic cancer (CAP) with cDNA macroarray. Methods: Total RNA was isolated from patients with prostate cancer and from normal people, and poly(A) RNA was further purified. Then differentially expressed genes were analysed in CaP and normal prostate by cDNA macroarray system. Results: There were differential expressions of nine prostate-associated specific genes in CaP as compared with normal prostate, among which, 7 were significantly up-regulated and 2 were down-regulated. Conclusion: As a diagnostic approach at molecular level, the cDNA macroarray is supposed to elevate the detection rate of CaP.     

Alveolar soft part sarcoma: MR and angiographic findings

Objective. To present the MR and angiographic findings of alveolar soft part sarcoma (ASPS). Design and patients. MR examinations (12 tumors of 10 patients) of ASPS performed at multiple hospitals were retrospectively reviewed. The tumors were found in the thigh (n=4), lower leg (n=4), femur (n=2, local metastasis), scalp (n=1) and arm (n=1). The MR signal characteristics including signal intensity, homogeneity and signal void of lesions and bony invasion including direct invasion or local metastasis were evaluated. Angiographic findings (n=4) and post-embolotherapy follow-up MR imaging (n=2) findings were also assessed. Results. Local bony metastasis was found in two cases. Seven tumors showed heterogeneous high signal intensity on T1- and T2-weighted images with good enhancement. One tumor had a very high signal on T1-weighted images. Eight tumors (67%) showed numerous signal voids in or near the tumors. All four angiographic studies showed numerous enlarged vessels, arteriovenous shunts and delayed washout. Two cases mimicked arteriovenous malformations on angiographic studies but MR images demonstrated solid soft tissue components as well as tortuous vessels. Conclusions. High signal on T1-weighted image and numerous signal voids are highly suggestive of ASPS, although they are not universal as has been suggested and arteriovenous malformation should be included in the differential diagnosis. Local bony metastases in ASPS were seen in two cases and should be carefully investigated. Received: 12 April 2000 Revision requested: 27 June 2000, 8 August 2000 Revision received: 2 August 2000, 21 August 2000 Accepted: 22 August 2000     

非小细胞肺癌微转移及其检测

检测非小细胞肺癌(NSCLC)微转移可以更准确地进行分期、指导治疗、判断预后.目前NSCLC微转移标志物的研究主要集中在细胞角蛋白(CK)19、人类肺组织特异性基因(LUNX)、癌胚抗原(CEA)mRNA、癌基因和抑癌基因等.NSCLC微转移部位的研究以淋巴结和骨髓多见,胸膜腔报道较少,外周血的报道逐渐增多.     

信号传导与转录激活因子3与肿瘤侵袭和转移

信号传导与转录激活因子3(STAT3)在各种癌组织中表达均明显增高,STAT3蛋白通过对下游基因的调节发挥抑制调亡、促进细胞增殖、增加肿瘤细胞侵袭力的作用.STAT3有可能成为肿瘤治疗中一个新的治疗靶位,阻断STAT3信号传导通路可能降低肿瘤细胞的侵袭和转移、抑制肿瘤细胞生长,可为肿瘤治疗提供新的思路.