Fascin promotes the motility and invasiveness of pancreatic cancer cells

AIM:To explore the role of actin-bundling protein, fascin during the progression of pancreatic cancer. METHODS:The plasmid expressing human fascin-1 was stably transfected into the pancreatic cancer cell line MIA PaCa-2. The proliferation, cell cycle, motility, scattering, invasiveness and organization of the actin filament system in fascin-transfected MIA PaCa-2 cells and control non-transfected cells were determined. RESULTS:Heterogeneous overexpression of fascin markedly enhanced the motility, scattering...     

动态增强MRI在乳腺癌行保乳术的术前评估价值研究

目的探讨动态增强MRI在乳腺癌行保乳术的术前评估准确性。方法分析106例经手术和病理证实的乳腺癌患者术前的动态增强MRI及钼靶X线摄影资料,观测动态增强MRI及钼靶X线摄影片上乳腺癌病灶的数目、位置、大小、形态、侵犯范围和淋巴结转移情况,按乳腺癌术前行保乳术（breastconservingsurgery,BCS）所需条件,并与术后大体解剖标本及镜下病理结果相对照,分析动态增强MRI、钼靶X线对乳腺癌术前行保乳术治疗的评估准确性。结果动态增强MRI能够较准确评价乳腺癌灶的位置、大小、浸润范围、数目、乳腺皮肤、胸壁和腋窝淋巴结状态,MRI判断40例（37.8％）可行BCS,判定准确性为96．2％。钼靶X线摄影判断37例（34．9％）可行BCS．准确性为89．6％。结论动态增强M砒能为乳腺癌患者行BCS的筛选提供比较全面和准确的信息,术前运用动态增强MIU评价乳腺癌行BCS是可行的。     

18Fluoroethyl-L-tyrosine-PET in long-term epilepsy associated glioneuronal tumors

Purpose: Long‐term epilepsy associated tumors (LEATs) are a frequent cause of drug‐resistant partial epilepsy. A reliable tumor diagnosis has an important impact on therapeutic strategies and prognosis in patients with epilepsy, but often is difficult by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) only. Herein we analyzed a large LEAT cohort investigated by ¹⁸fluoroethyl‐l ‐tyrosine–positron emission tomography (FET‐PET). Methods: Thirty‐six patients with chronic partial epilepsy and a LEAT‐suspect MRI lesion were analyzed by FET‐PET using visual inspection and quantitative analysis of standard uptake values (SUV). PET results were correlated with clinical and histopathologic data. Results: FET‐PET study was positive in 22 of 36 analyzed lesions and in 14 of 22 histologically verified LEAT lesions. The precise World Health Organization (WHO) tumoral entity was not predicted by FET‐PET. Notably, FET uptake correlated strikingly with age at epilepsy onset (p = 0.001). Further correlations were seen for age at surgery (p = 0.007) and gadolinium‐contrast enhancement on MRI (p < 0.05). Discussion: FET‐PET is a helpful tool for LEAT diagnosis, particularly when MRI readings are ambiguous. FET uptake, which is likely mediated by the l ‐amino acid transporter (LAT) family, might indicate a principally important biologic property of certain LEATs, since LAT molecules also are involved in cell growth regulation.     

支气管内超声引导针吸活检术在肺癌分期的应用

目的 接受EBUS-TBNA检查,其评价支气管内超声引导针吸活检术(endobronchial ultrasound-guided transbronchial needle aspiration,EBUS-TBNA)在肺癌分期的应用价值.方法 2008年7月至2010年3月,128例肺癌患者中男102例,女26例,年龄37 -85岁,平均60.1岁.胸部CT或PET/CT影像学检查均提示肺癌并肺门或纵隔淋巴结肿大,未除外转移.回顾分析其临床影像学与内镜超声的表现及穿刺活检的结果.结果 128例内镜超声均可见肺门或纵隔多组肿大的淋巴结,短径6～16 mm,平均12.3 mm.成功穿刺189组淋巴结,过程顺利,无并发症发生.EBUS-TBNA准确率98.53％,灵敏度98.50％,特异度100％.结论EBUS-TBNA作为肺门及纵隔淋巴结活检的一种新手段,创伤小,并发症少,准确性高,在肺癌分期的应用安全、可行.     

血清CA15-3、CEA检测联合全身骨显像在乳腺癌骨转移中的诊断价值

目的 评价血清肿瘤标志物糖类抗原15-3(CA15-3)、癌胚抗原(CEA)检测联合全身骨显像在乳腺癌骨转移诊断中的价值.方法 对97例乳腺癌患者(其中,骨转移组46例、无骨转移组51例)及45例良性乳腺疾病患者(良性病变组)行SPECT全身骨显像,对骨显像阴性但骨痛明显患者,再行CT或MRI检查以确诊.同时,用电化学...     

Renal cell carcinoma metastatic to gallbladder: a survival advantage to simultaneous nephrectomy and cholecystectomy

Renal cell carcinoma is a relatively uncommon cancer. Patients presenting with a renal adenocarcinoma are often found to have evidence of metastatic disease at the time of diagnosis. Herein, we describe the case of a 39-year-old male with renal cell carcinoma and a synchronous metastatic focus to the gallbladder. The patient underwent a successful simultaneous nephrectomy and cholecystectomy and is doing well 30 months after surgery without evidence of disease recurrence. A thorough metastatic work-up along with aggressive surgical intervention in patients with renal cell carcinoma and unusual metastatic foci can provide a long-term favorable outcome.     

SOM230促进HepG2细胞原位移植瘤坏死的机制

目的 观察一种新合成的生长抑素类似物SOM230对肝癌细胞株HepG2体外、体内生长的影响,探索非细胞毒性药物导致肝癌坏死的可能机制. 方法 采用四甲基偶氮唑盐法、末端脱氧核苷酸转移酶介导的脱氧三磷酸尿苷缺口末端标记(TUNEL)及流式细胞技术检测SOM230对体外培养的肝癌细胞HepG2生长及凋亡的作用.用肝癌细胞株HepG2建立裸鼠肝癌原位移植瘤模型,分为SOM230组(100 μg·kg~1·d~(-1)皮下注射)及对照组(等量等渗盐水皮下注射),连续用药8周,测定移植瘤坏死体积.Western blot测定肿瘤组织中生长抑素受体2(SSTR2)的表达水平;免疫组织化学显示肿瘤组织中血管内皮生长因子(VEGF)、SsTR2的表达部位;酶联免疫吸附法检测移植瘤组织中肿瘤坏死因子α(TNF α)含量.两组间均数比较采用t检验,多组间均数比较采用单因素方差分析. 结果 SOM230在体外对HepG2细胞增殖有一定的抑制作用,IC_(50)为2.73×10~6mol/L,对其凋亡无明显影响(TUNEL实验F=0.16,P>0.05;Annexin-V实验F=0.13,P>0.05).SOM230组的移植瘤坏死体积为73.4%±7.0%,明显高于对照组的30.2%±14.0%(t=-8.02,P<0.01).两组移植瘤的血窦中均有SSTR2阳性染色,表达水平差异无统计学意义;s0M230组肝癌移植瘤组织中的VEGF表达为阴性,但移植瘤内TNF α水平在两组的差异无统计学意义[SOM230组与对照组,(10.3±8.0)ng/ml与(9.2±5.8)ng/ml,t=-0.24,P>0.05)].结论 SOM230通过SSTR2介导,显著下调肝癌组织VEGF的表达水平,仅阻断生长旺盛肿瘤的血供,导致肝癌移植瘤明显坏死.     

Cutaneous metastases of visceral tumours: a review

Background  Up to 10% of all visceral malignancies develop cutaneous metastases. As cutaneous metastases are underestimated and underdiagnosed they can be a clinical challenge. The clinical appearance and patterns of distribution of cutaneous metastases, the characterisation of clinical outcomes and available therapeutic options are compiled. Patients and methods  Literature (over the last 6 years) MESH in terms of cutaneous metastases was comprehensively evaluated. Characteristics from 92 available cases are elaborated and adjusted with terms (time unlimited) of published epidemiological reviews to single organs. Results  The broad clinical spectrum with differential diagnoses is displayed. An allocation of cutaneous metastases and a particular organ is not reliable. In 22% of all cases cutaneous metastases can lead to the diagnosis of an internal malignoma. The majority of cases reveal cutaneous metastases to emerge in a tumour-free interval in about 36 months, after a successful treatment of the primary tumour, most commonly along with other organ metastases. Probable survival turned out to be less than 12 months. Consistently with this end-stage condition, treatment aligns with rules of palliation. Local treatment of choice is excision. Only a minority of investigators attempted to come up with tumour-specific treatment strategies, and almost no randomised therapy studies can be presented. Conclusion  A reference guide of cutaneous metastases is given; the clinical spectrum is adjusted to an actual status; state of the art of the treatment is accomplished. An epidemiological, improved registration and diagnostic work-up for targeted therapies in conjunction with dermatologists are favoured.     

Sirolimus inhibits the growth and metastatic progression of hepatocellular carcinoma

Purpose  Immunosuppressive therapy after liver transplantation for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the major contributory factors for HCC recurrence and metastasis. Sirolimus, a potent immunosuppressant, has been reported to be an effective inhibitor in a variety of tumors. The present study is designed to explore whether sirolimus could block the growth and metastatic progression of HCC. Methods  MHCC97H cells were used as targets to explore the effect of sirolimus on cell cycle progression, apoptosis, proliferation, and its antiangiogenic mechanism. LCI-D20, a highly metastatic model of human HCC in nude mice, was also used as the model tumor to explore the effect of sirolimus on tumor growth and metastatic progression. Results  In vitro, sirolimus induced cell cycle arrest at the G1 checkpoint and blocked proliferation of MHCC97H cells but did not induce apoptosis. In vivo, sirolimus prevented tumor growth and metastatic progression in LCI-D20. Intratumoral microvessel density and circulating levels of VEGF in tumor-bearing mice were also significantly reduced in sirolimus treatment group. Quantitative RT-PCR showed that sirolimus down-regulated the mRNA expression of VEGF and HIF-1a, but not of bFGF, and TGF-b in MHCC97H cells. Furthermore, western blot analysis confirmed that sirolimus also decreased expression of HIF-1a at protein level, in parallel with the down-regulation of the levels of VEGF protein excretion in a time-dependent manner as compared to untreated control cells following anoxia. Conclusions  The immunosuppressive macrolide sirolimus prevents the growth and metastatic progression of HCC, and suppresses VEGF synthesis and secretion by downregulating HIF-1a expression. Sirolimus may be useful for clinical application in patients who received a liver transplant for HCC. Z. Wang and J. Zhou contributed equally to this work.     

多发性骨髓瘤伴髓外浸润25例临床分析

目的 研究多发性骨髓瘤(MM)伴髓外浸润患者的临床特点及治疗.方法 分析我科2006年7月至2008年7月收治的25例MM伴髓外浸润的患者,男:女为15:10,中位年龄55.2(30～65)岁.其中IgA 10例,IgG 9例,轻链λ5例,IgD 1例.髓外浸润最常见部位是肌肉和椎管.结果 在诊断时即有髓外浸润的患者,应用传统的化疗方案,如美法仑、泼尼松、沙立度胺或长春新碱、阿霉素、地塞米松,总有效率达到8/10例,随着髓内病变的好转髓外浸润也明显好转.而在后期出现的髓外浸润应用传统的化疗方案往往无效,我们选用含有硼替佐米的方案或顺铂、环磷酰胺、足叶乙甙、泼尼松(DECP),取得了较好的效果.接受DECP化疗的有效率为66.7%(10/15),接受硼替佐米的有效率为4/8例.结论 MM疾病进展后伴髓外浸润患者治疗效果差,进展迅速,常规化疗方案治疗效果较差,应尽早应用新药以及一些二线化疗方案.