十味舒筋活络散质量控制研究

【目的】建立十味舒筋活络散的质量标准。【方法】采用薄层色谱法对该处方中主药虎杖、桂枝进行定性鉴别,采用高效液相色谱法测定十味舒筋活络散中大黄素的含量。【结果】薄层色谱定性鉴别的特征斑点清晰,专属性强,阴性对照无干扰。高效液相色谱法测定大黄素的线性范围为9.30~46.52μg/mL。平均加样回收率为96.22%(sR=1.76%)。【结论】本研究方法简便、准确、重现性好,可有效控制本品的质量。     

MMP-3与TIMP-1在肝细粒棘球蚴外囊壁中的表达

目的:探讨MMP-3与TIMP-1在形成肝细粒棘球蚴周围纤维囊壁中的作用.方法:应用免疫组化技术检测基质金属蛋白酶-3(MMP-3)与金属蛋白酶抑制因子-1(TIMP-1)在30例肝细粒棘球蚴周围纤维囊壁的表达.结果:MMP-3、TIMP-1在肝细粒棘球蚴周围纤维囊壁中呈现特异性分层表达,MMP-3、TIMP-1的阳性细胞在外囊中的表达率分别为10%(3/30)、13.3%(4/30).靠近肝实质侧的外膜中MMP-3、TIMP-1的阳性细胞表达率分别为80%(24/30)、90%(27/30).在两层中表达的差异均有显著意义(P＜0.01).肝细粒棘球蚴外膜及周围肝组织中MMP-3、TIMP-1的表达两者呈负相关(P＜0.01).结论:肝包虫周围纤维性囊壁可分为内层和外层,且各自形成机制不同;MMP-3、TIMP-1与肝实质侧纤维囊壁的形成有密切关系.     

Rust Distribution of Non-Uniform Steel Corrosion Induced by Impressed Current Method

The non-uniform corrosion of steel bars is the main factor affecting the durability of concrete. The cracking pattern of concrete due to corrosion is closely related to the distribution of the corrosion products. Research on the thickness distribution of the rust layer and the cracking pattern of concrete under different influencing factors is of great significance in the prediction of the service life of existing reinforced concrete structures and the avoidance of the premature cracking of the reinforced concrete structures to be built. This paper studies the thickness distribution of the rust layer on the surface of single and multiple corroded reinforcements under non-uniform corrosion. The electrochemical analysis of the electrified corrosion process was carried out by using the finite element analysis software, and the distribution of the current density was obtained. The effects of geometric parameters, steel bar position, and steel bar spacing and shape on the corrosion expansion cracking pattern were studied. The results indicated that as the position of the steel bar differed, the crack pattern of the concrete changed, depending on the number of corrosion peaks (i.e., the maximum thickness of the rust layer). In terms of the corner-located steel, the number of corrosion peaks varied in the cases of different geometrical parameters (i.e., the diameter of the steel bar and the distance between the steel bars and the stainless steel wire). Nevertheless, the critical corrosion degrees of the side-located and corner-located steel bars, with respect to the cracking of the outer concrete surface, were basically the same. Additionally, the ribbed steel bar presented a lower critical corrosion degree than that of the plain steel bar, while little influence was exhibited with the varying angles of the rib.     

CO Oxidation over Pd Catalyst Supported on Porous TiO2 Prepared by Plasma Electrolytic Oxidation (PEO) of a Ti Metallic Carrier

A porous TiO₂ layer was prepared with the plasma electrolytic oxidation (PEO) of Ti. In a further step, Pd was deposited on the TiO₂ surface layer using the adsorption method. The activity of the Pd/TiO₂/Ti catalyst was investigated during the oxidation of CO to CO₂ in a mixture of air with 5% CO. The structure of the catalytic active layer was studied using a scanning electron microscope equipped with an energy dispersive spectrometer (SEM-EDS), time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry (TOF-SIMS), inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS), and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The PEO process provided a porous TiO₂ layer with a uniform thickness in the range of 5–10 µm, which is desirable for the production of Pd-supported catalysts. A TOF-SIMS analysis showed the formation of Pd nanoparticles after the adsorption treatment. The conversion of CO to CO₂ in all samples was achieved at 150–280 °C, depending on the concentration of Pd. The composition of Pd/ TiO₂/Ti was determined using ICP-MS. The optimum concentration of Pd on the surface of the catalyst was approximately 0.14% wt. This concentration was obtained when a 0.4% PdCl₂ solution was used in the adsorption process. Increasing the concentration of PdCl₂ did not lead to a further improvement in the activity of Pd/ TiO₂/Ti.     

Al2O3-Coated Si-Alloy Prepared by Atomic Layer Deposition as Anodes for Lithium-Ion Batteries

Silicon-based anodes can increase the energy density of Li-ion batteries (LIBs) owing to their large weights and volumetric capacities. However, repeated charging and discharging can rapidly deteriorate the electrochemical properties because of a large volume change in the electrode. In this study, a commercial Fe-Si powder was coated with Al₂O₃ layers of different thicknesses via atomic layer deposition (ALD) to prevent the volume expansion of Si and suppress the formation of crack-induced solid electrolyte interfaces. The Al₂O₃ content was controlled by adjusting the trimethyl aluminum exposure time, and higher Al₂O₃ contents significantly improved the electrochemical properties. In 300 cycles, the capacity retention rate of a pouch full-cell containing the fabricated anodes increased from 69.8% to 72.3% and 79.1% depending on the Al₂O₃ content. The powder characterization and coin and pouch cell cycle evaluation results confirmed the formation of an Al₂O₃ layer on the powder surface. Furthermore, the expansion rate observed during the charging/discharging of the pouch cell indicated that the deposited layer suppressed the powder expansion and improved the cell stability. Thus, the performance of an LIB containing Si-alloy anodes can be improved by coating an ALD-synthesized protective Al₂O₃ layer.     

霉变谷物中霉菌毒素的污染调查

应用酶联免疫吸附测定法和薄层色谱法,对安徽、河南部分地区1991年因特大洪涝灾害造成粮食霉变而引起食物中毒的小麦和大米样品,进行了霉菌毒素[黄曲霉毒素B_1(AFB_1)、脱氧雪腐镰刀菌烯醇(DON)、T-2毒素(T-2)及赭曲霉毒素A(OA)等]的检测。在测定的样品中,检出了高含量的DON和T-2。其中,霉变小麦中,T-2的污染阳性率为96.9%。最高含量为1064.4μg/kg,平均含量为212.1μg/kg;6份霉变大米中,T-2平均含量达532.0μg/kg。     

雷公藤根和昆明山海棠根的化学成分鉴别

本实验通过有机溶剂顺序提取,分离,对雷公藤根和昆明山海棠根的相对应部位进行薄层层析鉴别,化学成分的预测和溶点的测定来判别两种植物差异。结果表明,两种植物含有很多相似的化学成分。     

甲胺磷的薄层色谱和气相色谱/质谱分析

目的 探讨甲胺磷的定性分析方法。方法 根据甲胺磷的特点,用薄层色谱法对甲胺磷的展开剂进行了实验选定,对其GC/MS分析的色谱条件进行了探讨。结果 展开剂中需含极性溶剂如乙醇、甲醇、乙酸等方能将甲胺磷很好地展开。在色谱条件下,甲胺磷的保留时间为3.48min,其质谱图与标准谱库相一致。结论 适合甲胺磷的展开剂为:氯仿-乙醇、氯仿-甲醇-环己烷等。用GC/MS对甲胺膦进行定性分析,结果准确可靠。     

松蒿的生药学研究及在茵陈蒿汤中的鉴别

本文研究了松蒿Herba Phtheirospermume japonicum的原植物、性状、显微及理化鉴别性质。其粉末鉴别的突出特征是大而特异的腺毛。松蒿、茵陈、茵陈蒿的乙醇提取液在365nm紫外分析仪下分别呈紫色荧光、紫红色荧光、亮兰色荧光。三者甲酣提取液的薄层层析图谱明显不同。三者分别与栀子、大黄配伍的汤剂(茵陈蒿汤)的薄层层析图谱也不同。     

糖化酶超滤速度的研究

以浓差极化-凝胶层数学模型为基础,研究了影响糖化酶超滤速度的各种因素。结果表明:在浓差极化现象存在下,超滤速度随透出液体积和主体溶液浓度的增大而减小,随搅拌速度或料液流速的增大而增大。提高操作压力不会增大超滤速度。对糖化酶发酵液进行絮凝处理及适当提高温度都有利于超滤速度的提高。