Treatment strategy for synchronous metastases of colorectal cancer: is hepatic resection after an observation interval appropriate?

Background In cases of synchronous colorectal hepatic metastases, the primary colorectal cancer strongly influences on the metastases. Our treatment policy has been to conduct hepatic resection for the metastases at an interval of 3 months after colorectal resection. We examined the appropriateness of interval hepatic resection for synchronous hepatic metastasis. Materials and methods The subjects were 164 patients who underwent resection of hepatic metastasis of colorectal cancer (synchronous, 70 patients; metachronous, 94 patients). Background factors for hepatic metastasis and postoperative results were compared for synchronous and metachronous cases. Results The cumulative survival rate for 164 patients at 3, 5, and 10 years postoperatively was 71.9%, 51.8%, and 36.6%, and the post-resection recurrence rate in remnant livers was 26.8%. Interval resection for synchronous hepatic metastases was conducted in 49 cases after a mean interval of 131 days. No difference was seen in postoperative outcome between synchronous and metachronous cases. Conclusion The outcome was similarly favorable in cases of synchronous hepatic metastasis and in cases of metachronous metastasis. Delaying resection allows accurate understanding of the number and location of hepatic metastases, and is beneficial in determining candidates for surgery and in selecting surgical procedure.     

经尿道气化电切治疗前列腺增生

目的 探讨经尿道气化电切术(TUVP)治疗前列腺增生(BPH)的安全性和有效性.方法 对161例前列腺增生患者行TUVP治疗,其中伴全身症状和泌尿系并发症2种以上的高危患者、前列腺重量＞50g的患者共68例.平均年龄72.5岁,经围手术期处理后行TUVP治疗.结果 所有患者均安全度过围手术期.随访3～24个月,平均IPSS从26.6下降至6.6、MFR从6.2ml/s上升到18.6ml/s、PVR从376ml下降到8.9ml.结论 TUVP治疗BPH以及高危重度BPH是安全有效的,强调术中对前列腺尖部采用电切治疗以避免术后尿失禁等并发症的发生.     

The laterally extended medial hemisoleus flap for reconstruction of a tibial wound in the distal third of the leg

A soleus flap as a local reconstructive option for soft-tissue coverage of a tibial wound in the distal third of the leg has never been well recognized. In a 2-year period, seven patients underwent reconstruction of a less extensive tibial wound (4 × 3 to 10 × 4 cm) in the distal third of the leg after orthopedic trauma with the laterally extended medial hemisoleus flap. The flap was elevated with emphasis on the preservation of the most distal perforators from the posterior tibial vessels to the flap as possible while allowing adequate rotation of the flap to cover the exposed tibia and/or hardware and on the possible preservation of foot planter flexion by reconstruction of the proximal Achilles’ tendon. In this series, there was no total or partial flap loss. All patients healed their tibial wounds primarily with reliable soft-tissue coverage, evidenced fracture healing, and good cosmetic outcome during follow-up. Thus, the laterally extended medial hemisoleus flap described by the author can be a reliable option for soft-tissue coverage of a less extensive tibial wound in the distal third of the leg. It offers a more cost-effective approach for managing this unique problem and can be performed by most reconstructive surgeons without microsurgical expertise.     

残胃癌临床诊治分析

目的分析和总结残胃癌的外科诊断、治疗及预后情况。方法对1990年以来收治的35例残胃癌的发病率、临床表现、治疗情况和预后进行回顾性分析。结果首次胃切除以胃溃疡为主,占65.7%,首次手术BillrothⅡ式占82.9%(29/35)。残胃癌早期缺乏特异的症状,主要为上腹部隐痛不适,首次手术距临床诊断残胃癌的间隔时间平均为16.3年。本组残胃癌手术切除率及根治性切除率分别为77.1%和54.3%,根治性切除患者1、3、5年生存率分为78.9%、52.6%、36.8%,Ⅰ期、Ⅱ期患者的5年生存率为72.7%。结论胃良性病行手术治疗时以BillrothⅠ式为首选,定期胃镜检查是早期诊断残胃癌的关键,根治性切除是治疗残胃癌的有效方法及影响残胃癌预后的重要因素。     

消化道类癌的诊断与治疗(附44例报告)

目的探讨消化道类癌的诊断与治疗. 方法回顾性分析我院1990年1月～2005年4月44例消化道类癌的临床资料. 结果本组44例中直肠(包括直肠乙状结肠交界处)类癌29例发生率最高65.9%(29/44),结肠4例9.1%(4/44),阑尾1例2.3%(1/44),小肠2例4.5%(2/44),十二指肠2例4.5%(2/44),胃5例11.4%(5/44),肝1例2.3%(1/44).44例中治疗了39(39/44,88.6%),其中手术切除14例,内镜下粘膜切除术(EMR)20例(5例EMR后病理断端残余癌细胞又追加手术局部切除),内镜下直接钳除5例,5例未治疗.直径≤1 cm 30例占68.2%, 26例全部治愈,15例(50%)行EMR完全切除,其中20例肠镜随访10～84个月,均无复发,预后好;直径1～2 cm 4例占9.1%,手术局部切除,1例1年后肝转移;直径>2 cm 10例占22.7%,均位于直肠外,8例手术,2例未治疗,3例死亡,5例有远处或淋巴结转移,预后差.44例中6例发生远处或淋巴结转移,转移率13.6%. 结论内镜是诊断消化道类癌的首选方法,≤1cm的类癌可在内镜下行EMR切除.     

Fusimotor reflexes to antagonistic muscles simultaneously assessed by multi-afferent recordings from muscle spindle afferents

Several single agonist/antagonist primary muscle spindle afferents were simultaneously recorded in chloralose anaesthetized cats. It was shown that their dynamic and static sensitivity to sinusoidal muscle stretches could be increased or decreased via the fusimotor system by extension and flexion of the contralateral hind limb as well as by stretch of ipsilateral muscles and stimulation of ipsilateral skin nerves. The results seem to support the hypothesis that the primary muscle spindle afferents convey complex multisensory messages to the central nervous system (CNS).     

Extensive pectoral muscle necrosis after defibrillation: nonthermal skeletal muscle damage caused by electroporation

A 37-year-old Italian male developed a myocardial infarct with subsequent ventricular fibrillation. He was defibrillated seven times with up to 360 Joules. Thirteen days later the patient died of recurrent myocardial infarct due to thrombotic occlusion of the left circumflex coronary artery. At autopsy, necrosis of the right pectoralis muscle was observed. Electroporation is the pathogenetic mechanism of skeletal muscle damage due to multiple defibrillations with high energy levels. Received: 8 January 1998 Accepted: 15 April 1998     

Lactate/H+ transport kinetics in rat skeletal muscle related to fibre type and changes in transport capacity

 Lactate/H⁺ transport kinetics were determined by means of the pH-sensitive probe BCECF in sarcolemmal giant vesicles, obtained from rat skeletal muscle, and related to variations in lactate/H⁺ transport capacity. Vesicle preparations were made from red and white muscles, mixed muscles, denervated muscles, muscles of old rats and rats that had been subjected to high-intensity training, endurance training, repeated exposure to hypoxia, and hypothyroid or hyperthyroid treatments. The lactate/H⁺ transport capacity of red muscles was greater than that of white muscles, and this difference was associated with a higher maximal transport rate (V _max) in red muscles, whereas the K _m was similar in the two muscle types. High-intensity training and hyperthyroidism increased the lactate/H⁺ transport capacity by enhancing V _max without affecting K _m. Similarly, a reduced transport capacity with old age and hypothyroidism was due to a decrease in V _max. The denervation-induced decline in lactate/H⁺ transport capacity resulted from both an increased K _m and a reduced V _max. The present data show that muscle type differences and most changes in the lactate/H⁺ transport capacity are mediated by modifications in V _max, which is expected to represent the number of membrane transporter molecules. K _m is unaffected by most treatments and appears to be independent of fibre type. Received: 10 February 1998 / Received after revision: 21 April 1998 / Accepted: 24 April 1998