Modeling mucosal dimensions after implantation of a bio-absorbable membrane for surgical root coverage

The aim of this study was to model alterations of mucosal thickness after implantation of a bio-absorbable membrane for surgical root coverage employing guided tissue regeneration. Periodontal conditions around 31 recession sites in 14 patients were assessed for up to 12 months after surgery. Mucosal thickness was modeled in a multivariate, three-level (occasion, tooth, subject) time series model. The amount of root coverage was studied in a bivariate multilevel model of change and mean recession to avoid mathematic coupling. Predictions of gingival thickness were, at the outset, strongly related to baseline gingival width. At maxillary teeth, gingival thickness at all measurement locations peaked 3months after surgery with negative relations to baseline gingival width. Thereafter, thickness gradually decreased but remained higher (0.3-0.5mm, 95% confidence interval 0.05-0.9mm) than before surgery, while positive correlations with baseline gingival width were re-established. At mandibular teeth, gingival thickness did not change so dramatically, while thickness of lining mucosa underwent similar changes as at maxillary teeth. In contrast to previous publications, modeling change of recession depth and mean recession did not yield better results in deeper sites when applying a bivariate multilevel model that avoids mathematic coupling.     

Operative stabilization of the remaining mobile segment in ankylosed cervical spine in systemic onset- juvenile idiopathic arthritis:A case report

We describe a case of a 19-year-old young man with oligoarthritis type of juvenile idiopathic arthritis, who presented with several month duration of lower neck pain and progressive muscular weakness of all four limbs. X-rays of the cervical spine demonstrated spontaneous apophyseal joint fusion from the occipital condyle to C6 and from C7 to Th2 with marked instability between C6 and C7. Surgical intervention began with anterolateral approach to the cervical spine performing decompression, insertion of cage and anterior vertebral plate and screws, followed by posterior approach and fixation. Care was taken to restore sagittal balance. The condition was successfully operatively managed with multisegmental, both column fixation and fusion, resulting in pain cessation and resolution of myelopathy. Postoperatively, minor swallowing difficulties were noted, which ceased after three days. Patient was able to move around in a wheelchair on the sixth postoperative day. Stiff neck collar was advised for three months postoperatively with neck pain slowly decreasing in the course of first postoperative month.On the follow-up visit six months after the surgery patient exhibited no signs of spastic tetraparesis, X-rays of the cervical spine revealed solid bony fusion at single mobile segment C6-C7. He was able to gaze horizontally while sitting in a wheelchair. Signs of myelopathy with stiff neck and single movable segment raised concerns about intubation, but were successfully managed using awake fiber-optic intubation. Avoidance of tracheostomy enabled us to perform an anterolateral approach without increasing the risk of wound infection. Regarding surgical procedure, the same principles are obeyed as in management of fracture in ankylosing spondylitis or Mb. Forestrier.     

中国儿童青少年饮食行为对身高影响的多水平分析

目的：基于身高增长划分儿童青少年不同生长期,并探索饮食行为在不同生长期对身高的影响。方法：利用2010年全国学生体质与健康调研数据,采用中国肥胖工作组2003年制定的筛查超重、肥胖标准和《中国6～19岁学龄儿童青少年分年龄BMI筛查消瘦界值范围》筛选体重正常7～18岁儿童青少年,整理身高及饮食行为指标,利用系统聚类分析划分儿童青少年不同生长期,构建多水平模型分析饮食行为在不同生长期对身高的影响。结果：基于身高增长将男、女生生长期均划为4期,男生为突增前期(7～10岁)、突增期(11～12岁)、突增后期(13～14岁)和稳定期(15～18岁);女生为快速增长期(7～10岁)、增长期(11～12岁)、增长后期(13～15岁)和稳定期(16～18岁)。男女生各生长期城市学生身高均高于农村学生(P<0.01),且城乡差异随生长期呈抛物线趋势,在男生突增期和女生增长期差异最为突出分别为3.31 cm和3.15 cm;在男生突增前期和女生快速增长期早餐对身高生长有促进作用(增长系数分别为0.40 cm和0.57 cm,P<0.01);在男、女生各生长期(除女生稳定期)牛奶对身高均有促进作用(P<0.01),且随生长期呈逐渐下降趋势,男生突增前期和女生快速增长期促进作用最强分别为0.91 cm和0.94 cm;在男、女生生长早、中期鸡蛋均有利于身高的生长(P<0.01),且随生长期有增强趋势;早餐、牛奶和鸡蛋对身高的影响具有交互作用(P<0.01),且随生长期呈下降趋势。结论：早餐、牛奶在儿童青少年生长发育早期更有利于促进其身高生长,鸡蛋对身高促进作用随生长期逐渐增强。     

跳跃性椎体次全切除减压术治疗四节段颈椎病的效果分析

目的:探讨颈椎前路跳跃性椎体次全切除减压植骨融合术治疗四节段颈椎病的效果.方法:回顾性分析我科2011年11月至2015年11月采用颈椎前路跳跃性椎体次全切除减压植骨融合术治疗的四节段颈椎病患者病例17例,以JOA评分评估患者的脊髓神经功能改善情况,根据患者术前、术后及随访所拍摄的颈椎X线片测量手术融合节段的Cobb角,并观察手术并发症情况.结果:患者术后随访12~36个月,平均18.6个月.神经功能JOA评分由术前的8.2±0.4(6~11)改善为术后12个月随访时的13.6±0.5(9~17),差异具有统计学意义(P<0.01);颈椎融合节段Cobb角由术前的12.4±1.5度(-3~22度)恢复至术后12个月随访时的17.5±1.6度(7~25度),差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05);所有患者的植骨均获得良好融合,无内固定失败及假关节形成,无严重手术并发症发生.结论:前路跳跃性椎体次全切除减压植骨融合术治疗四节段颈椎病手术安全效果良好,并可较好的改善颈椎矢状面生理前凸曲度.     

基于多水平模型分析农村地区不同居住方式老年人健康状况及其影响因素

目的 调查分析四川省某市农村地区不同居住方式老年人两周患病和慢性病患病现状及其影响因素,为促进农村地区老年人健康水平和制定相关政策提供参考和依据。方法 利用该市农村地区2015年居民家庭健康入户调查数据,选取7 280名60岁及以上老年人为研究对象。采用单因素分析比较不同居住方式老年人的两周患病率和慢性病患病率;采用多水平模型分析(家庭和个体)分析两周患病率和慢性病率患病的影响因素。 结果 该地区农村老年人的居住方式以与老伴居住为主（57.0%）,其次为独居（15.4%）。居住方式对老年人健康状况有显著影响,独居老人两周患病率和慢性病患病率最高,分别为48.0%和70.0%。多水平模型结果显示,老年人健康状况在家庭水平存在聚集性,家庭水平的居住方式和经济条件,个体水平的年龄、抑郁、吸烟、饮酒、锻炼是影响老年人两周患病率和慢性病患病率的主要因素。结论 与其他居住方式老人相比,独居老人的健康状况更差。家庭经济条件、年龄、抑郁、吸烟、饮酒、日常锻炼与老年人两周患病和慢性病患病相关。     

心血管疾病患者健康相关生命质量及其影响因素的多水平模型分析

目的 探讨心血管疾病患者的健康相关生命质量及其影响因素,为改善患者生命质量提供参考。 方法 选取2015年中国健康与养老追踪调查(CHARLS)中符合要求的心血管疾病患者1 201例,收集患者及地区信息,基于欧洲五维健康量表(EQ-5D-3L)测量健康效用值反映其健康相关生命质量。采用K-W检验对患者和地区因素进行单因素分析。以患者水平为水平1,地区水平为水平2,建立两水平回归模型,分析患者和地区因素对心血管疾病患者健康相关生命质量的影响。 结果 健康效用值平均值为0.749±0.166。单因素分析结果显示,心血管疾病患者健康相关生命质量的影响因素包括性别、受教育水平、婚姻状况、是否患有高血压、是否患有心脏病、是否患有中风、睡眠时长、吸烟状况、饮酒状况、每周中等强度体力活动时间、社交活动频率、体质量指数(BMI)、所在地区(P<0.05)。多水平模型结果显示,对心血管疾病患者健康相关生命质量有显著影响的因素有性别、受教育水平、婚姻状况、是否患有高血压病、是否患有血脂异常、是否患有心脏病、是否患有中风、吸烟状况、每周中等强度体力活动时间、社交活动频率、BMI以及地区水平的地区因素(P<0.05)。 结论 提高心血管疾病患者的健康相关生命质量既要考虑受教育水平、吸烟状况、BMI等个体因素,还应考虑不同地区患者的异质性,从而制定不同地区的针对性策略。     

The Neighbourhood Effects on Health and Well-being (NEHW) study

Many cross-sectional studies of neighbourhood effects on health do not employ strong study design elements. The Neighbourhood Effects on Health and Well-being (NEHW) study, a random sample of 2412 English-speaking Toronto residents (age 25–64), utilises strong design features for sampling neighbourhoods and individuals, characterising neighbourhoods using a variety of data sources, measuring a wide range of health outcomes, and for analysing cross-level interactions. We describe here methodological issues that shaped the design and analysis features of the NEHW study to ensure that, while a cross-sectional sample, it will advance the quality of evidence emerging from observational studies.     

Parks/sports facilities in local communities and the onset of functional disability among older adults in Japan: The J-shaped spatial spillover effects

We examined the associations between parks/sports facilities in local communities and the onset of functional disability among Japanese older adults. We further investigated the spatial spillover effects of parks/sports facilities in 1st-, 2nd-, and 3rd-degree neighboring communities. Data on the onset of functional disability, including date of onset, sex, age, and address (school district) of all older adults aged 65 years and older living in Kobe City were obtained from the public long-term care insurance database (163,348 men [190,831 person-year] and 200,443 women [230,464 person-year]). Multilevel proportional hazard regression analyses showed that the number of parks and sports facilities were negatively associated with the onset of functional disability among men. In particular, these associations were stronger for the adjacent district than for individuals’ living districts. Our results imply that involving multiple neighboring communities as the intervention unit is effective when utilizing community built environments for long-term care prevention in men.     

多节段ProDisc-C人工颈椎椎间盘置换5年临床随访报道

目的初步评估多节段ProDisc-C人工颈椎间盘置换术的安全性和有效性。方法回顾分析2010年10月~2011年10月在我院行多节段ProDisc-C人工颈椎间盘置换术患者21例的临床和影像资料,采用VAS评分、日本骨科协会(JOA)脊髓功能评分及颈椎功能障碍指数(NDI)评估患者术后临床疗效,测量患者颈椎整体活动度和置换节段活动度,观察评估患者术后假体位置、颈椎曲度、异位骨化、吞咽功能等情况。结果最终纳入21例多节段ProDisc-C人工颈椎间盘置换术患者,男性13例,女性8例,其中20例行双节段置换,1例患者行三节段置换。术后患者临床症状有明显缓解,JOA、NDI、VAS评分较术前有明显改善,值均0.05,术后3个月患者颈椎整体活动度以及置换节段平均活动度在术后3个月较术前略下降,值均0.05,随后历次随访患者颈椎整体活动度以及置换节段平均活动度较术前无明显差异,值均0.05。未发生假体材料过敏、人工椎间盘假体移位脱出、置换节段过度活动、术后颈椎生理曲度变直以及术后反弓等并发症。结论本研究结果初步表明多节段ProDisc-C人工颈椎间盘置换术是一种安全有效的可以选择的治疗多节段颈椎病的手术方式,能够明显改善患者临床症状,保留置换节段活动度以及颈椎整体活动度,维持颈椎生理曲度,且无假体移位脱出、过度活动、反弓等严重并发症。     

A Surgical Option for Multilevel Anterior Lumbar Interbody Fusion with Ponte Osteotomy to Achieve Optimal Lumbar Lordosis and Sagittal Balance

Objective

To document lumbar lordosis (LL) of the spine and its change during surgeries with the different height but the same angle setting of the anterior cage. Additionally, we attempted to determine if sufficient LL is achieved at different cage heights and to quantify the change in LL during multi-level anterior lumbar interbody fusion (ALIF).

Methods

The medical records and radiographs of 42 patients who underwent more than 2 level ALIFs between 2008 and 2009 were retrospectively reviewed. We evaluated 3 parameters seen on lateral whole spine radiographs : LL, pelvic incidence (PI), and sagittal vertical axis (SVA). The mean follow-up time was 28.1 months and the final follow-up radiographs of all patients were reviewed at least 2 years after surgery. Statistical analysis was performed using the paired t-tests.

Results

Lumbar lordosis had changed up to 30 degrees immediately and 2 years after surgery (preoperative mean LL, SVA : 22.45 degrees, 112.31 mm; immediate postoperative mean LL, SVA : 54.45 degrees, 37.36 mm; final follow-up mean LL, SVA : 49.56 degrees, 26.95 mm). Our goal of LL is to obtain as much PI as possible, preoperative mean PI value was 55.38±3.35. The pre-operative and two year post-surgery follow-up mean of the Japanese Orthopedic Association score were 9.2±0.6 and 13.2±0.6 (favorable outcome rate : 95%), respectively. In addition, we were able to obtain good clinical outcomes and sagittal balance with a subsidence rate of 22.7%.

Conclusion

We were able to achieve sufficient LL, such that it was similar to the PI, utilizing multi-level ALIF with the use of a tall cage with the same angle setting of the cage. We have found out that achieving sufficient lumbar lordosis and sagittal balance require an anterior lumbar cage with high angle and height.