刺激视上核对大鼠痛阈及电针镇痛的影响

以钾离子透引起的大鼠甩尾反应为痛指标，观察了电和化学刺激视上核（ＳＯＮ）对大鼠痛阈（ＰＴ）和电针（ＥＡ）镇痛的影响。电刺激ＳＯＮ后，ＰＴ明显高于假刺激组（Ｐ＜０．０５～０．００１），电刺激ＳＯＮ后电针足三里，镇痛效应明显提高，并有明显的量效关系。电刺激ＳＯＮ的近旁部位（０．５—１ｍｍ）对ＰＴ及电针镇痛无明显影响。ＳＯＮ内注射Ｌ－谷氨酸（Ｌ－Ｇｌｕ）后痛阈和电针镇痛效应都明显对照组，也有明显的量效关     

Channges in regional cerebral blood flow after hyperventilation in the pig with an induced focal cerebral contusion

Summary Changes in regional cerebral blood flow in anaesthetized pigs with an induced focal cerebral contusion were studied before and after two grades of hyperventilation. A reduction in arterial tension of CO₂ with 0.70mmHg and a further reduction of 0.55mmHg did not change the CO₂ reactivity. Reactivity in both injured and macroscopically normal regions was the same, revealing an average of 39.3% flow change per kPa change in CO₂ tension. Regions with low flow after the contusion had an equally big reduction apparently leading to hypoxia because global metabolic rate was unchanged.     

Improved intracranial lesion characterization by tissue segmentation based on a 3D feature map

Our aim was to develop an accurate multispectral tissue segmentation method based on 3D feature maps. We utilized proton density (PD), T₂-weighted fast spin-echo (FSE), and T₁-weighted spin-echo images as inputs for segmentation. Phantom constructs, cadaver brains, an animal brain tumor model and both normal human brains and those from patients with either multiple sclerosis (MS) or primary brain tumors were analyzed with this technique. Initially, misregistration, RF inhomogeneity and image noise problems were addressed. Next, a qualified observer identified samples representing the tissues of interest. Finally, k-nearest neighbor algorithm (k-NN) was utilized to create a stack of color-coded segmented images. The inclusion of T₁ based images, as a third input, produced significant improvement in the delineation of tissues. In MS, our 3D technique was found to be far superior to that based on any combination of 2D feature maps (P < 0.001). We identified at least two distinctly different classes of lesions within the same MS plaque, representing different stages of the disease process. Further, we obtained the regional distribution of MS lesion burden and followed its changes over time. Neuropsychological aberrations were the clinical counterpart of the structural changes detected in segmentation. We could also delineate the margins of benign brain tumors. In malignant tumors, up to four abnormal tissues were identified: 1) a solid tumor core, 2) a cystic component, 3) edema in the white matter, and 4) areas of necrosis and hemorrhage. Subsequent neurosurgical exploration confirmed the distribution of tissues as predicted by this analysis.     

rhGM-CSF对小鼠口腔粘膜损伤的防治作用

目的：探讨rhGM-CSF促进口腔腔溃愈合的作用机制。方法：取体外培养的胎儿口腔粘膜成纤维细胞，用rhGM-CSF刺激成纤维细胞后第2、4、6天用细胞计数及^3H－胸腺嘧啶掺入法（^3H-TdR）测定其增殖情况，结果rhGM-CSF对胎儿口腔粘膜成纤维细胞增殖及DNA合成有刺激作用，在80－100ng/ml时，细胞生长达到最佳状态，过高浓度rhGM-CSF的刺激作用反而下降。结论：rhGM-CSF可以通过刺激成纤维细胞增殖及DNA合成促进口腔溃疡愈合。     

实验动物大白鼠型流行性出血热流行病学和临床症状调查

本文对59名接触实验动物大白鼠引起23例流行性出血热(EHF)的流行病学和临床症状进行了调查,发病率为38.98%。发病的有副教授、讲师、助教、研究生等。发病多在春季,年龄组在21～40岁,男多于女。经间接免疫荧光技术检查,大白鼠肺EHFV抗原阳性率为32.69%。临床分型以中型为多,其次为重型和轻型。临床症状以发热、头痛、腰痛、全身痛、食欲不振、酒醉貌为主,没有死亡病例。血清间接免疫荧光抗体IgG在1:320～1:5 120之间的占91.30%。     

Joint capsule matrix turnover in a rabbit model of chronic joint contractures: Correlation with human contractures.

To evaluate changes in matrix molecules of the joint capsule, the right knees of 24 skeletally mature female NZW rabbits were immobilized while the contralateral limb served as an unoperated control. The immobilization was discontinued at 8 weeks and the rabbits were divided among four groups (n = 6) based on the number of weeks the right knees were remobilized: 0, 8, 16, or 32. Three rabbits (six knees) that did not have operations provided normal control joint capsules. The mRNA levels for collagen types I, II, and III, and MMP-1 and -13 were significantly increased in the joint capsules of the contracture knees in all groups when compared to normal and contralateral limb joint capsules. In contrast, the mRNA levels for TIMP-1, -2, and -3 were decreased in the joint capsules of the contracture knees in all groups when compared to normal and contralateral limb joint capsules. The mRNA levels for lumican and decorin were increased in the joint capsules of the contracture knees in all groups when compared to normal capsules. Many of the changes observed in this animal model are similar to those observed in human joint capsules from posttraumatic elbow contractures, supporting the value of this rabbit model.     

小鼠原位脂肪肝移植模型的建立

目的　建立了ob/ob小鼠脂肪肝移植模型 ,探讨保证建模成功的关键因素。方法　采用小鼠非动脉化肝移植技术 ,5～ 7周肥胖小鼠为供体 ,正常小鼠为受体 ,双袖套法行原位肝移植。受体肝组织行HE染色和油红O染色 ,血清ALT、AST水平检测采用常规生化分析法。结果非脂肪肝移植组 (lean to lean)受体长期存活率 (n =10 )为 70 % ,脂肪肝移植组 (ob/obtoagematchedlean)受体存活率为 0 (n =10 ) ,差异有显著性 (P <0 .0 5 )。脂肪肝移植给体积相当的正常小鼠 ,其短期存活率为 3 0 % (n =10 ) ,所有小鼠术后存活并苏醒 ,但均未超过 2 4h。脂肪肝移植受体ALT水平为 (62 85± 2 93 7)U /L ,AST为 (5 812± 2 942 )U /L ;而正常小鼠移植组ALT与AST水平分别为 (5 96± 114 )U /L ,(1796± 870 )U/L ,差异有显著性 (P <0 .0 5 ) ,组织学检测显示大量胆管中央凝固性坏死伴出血。结论　该模型的成功建立为我们提供了一种新的肝原发性肝无功能移植模型 ,为脂肪肝移植后脂肪肝细胞受损的机制研究奠定了基础。     

大鼠体外循环模型的建立与应用

由于操作简便、节省人力物力，大鼠体外循环模型的应用愈加广泛。大鼠在小型呼吸机辅助下，应用颈静脉插管入右心房引流血液至贮血瓶，在蠕动移液泵作用下，经膜式氧合器氧合、变温器变温，通过股动脉或尾动脉插管注入动脉系统，建立体外循环回路。有血预充、减少总预充量和维持足够的转流流量是建立大鼠体外循环模型的关键。     

Establishment and characterization of a chronic infectious mononucleosislike syndrome in common marmosets

Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) was inoculated into two species of marmosets. Successful infection was established in the majority of the animals of one species, Callithrix jacchus, as evidenced by the development of high, persistent levels of antibody against virus-specific capsid and early nonstructural proteins. Antibodies also were produced against the major membrane antigen and, in some animals, against EBV nuclear antigen (EBNA) 2 but not against EBNA 1. This is the antibody profile normally noted in individuals with chronic infectious mononucleosis (IM). EBV-induced lymphoproliferation was not seen, and EBV-specific proteins were not detected in the peripheral blood lymphocytes of infected animals. Hence, EBV infection in C. jacchus apparently does not generally include extensive B-cell involvement. However, the marmosets clearly are useful as a model for EBV primary infection and also possibly for chronic IM.