Minimally invasive plate osteosynthesis using posterolateral approach for distal tibial and tibial shaft fractures

ObjectiveThe objective of the study was to evaluate the effectiveness of the posterolateral minimally invasive plate osteosynthesis (MIPO) method for managing distal tibial or tibial shaft fractures with severe anterior and medial soft tissue injuries.Materials and methodsFive consecutive patients with three distal tibial and two tibial shaft fractures (three open fractures) at a level-1 trauma and tertiary referral center were retrospectively reviewed. All patients were definitively treated and followed to bone union. Main outcome was measured by American Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Society (AOFAS) ankle–hindfoot score, complications, and bone union on radiographs.ResultsThe average follow-up period was 15.8 months (range, 12–24 months). The average AOFAS score was 88.2 (range, 81–90). There were no complications, such as incision breakdown, deep infection, or impingement of the flexor hallucis longus tendon. Bone union was achieved in all cases.ConclusionsPosterolateral MIPO is a feasible option when treating these fractures, especially in cases with severe anterior and medial soft tissue injuries.     

肱骨近端锁定钢板治疗儿童股骨转子部骨折

正2009年1月~2013年12月,我科采用肱骨近端锁定钢板内固定治疗10例股骨转子部骨折患儿,疗效满意,报道如下。1材料与方法1.1病例资料本组10例,男7例,女3例,年龄6~12岁,均为闭合骨折。其中转子间骨折4例,根据Evans分型:Ⅰ型2例,Ⅱ型2例;转子下骨折6例,根据Seinsheimer分型:Ⅰ型2例,Ⅱ型3例,Ⅲ型1例。受伤至手术时间2 h~3d。1.2治疗方法全身麻醉下手术。取     

Easy anchoring and smaller skin incision procedure for neuronavigation-based frameless stereoelectroencephalography

Epilepsy surgery uses both depth electrodes (DEs) and subdural electrodes (SE). DEs have mainly been developed and used in Europe. As we are able to use the DEs safely due to the current advanced level of technology, use of DEs has been increasing rapidly over the last decade. Unlike placement of SEs, which simply requires craniotomy, DE placement generally requires stereotactic techniques such as frame-based stereotactic or robotic arm-based methods. However, such methods are not always available at every epilepsy center. We therefore invented guide pipes for accurate DE placement. With this guide pipe and neuronavigation-based (NB) DE placement system, we are able to place DEs accurately. However, the disadvantages of our original procedure were a relatively large skin incision and the difficulty in anchoring DEs. The purpose of this technical note is to introduce a method to perform NB DE placement with a smaller skin incision and simple anchoring procedure. As we could make the skin incision smaller and achieved easier anchoring of DEs using a titanium plate, we hope this procedure will help facilities to perform DE placement with neuronavigation systems.     

锁定钢板联合异体腓骨与锁定钢板单独使用治疗肱骨近端骨折的Meta分析

文题释义：肱骨近端骨折：属于发生率较高的骨折，骨折位置在肱骨外科颈以远1.0-2.0 cm到肱骨头关节面之间，随着人口老龄化的加剧，肱骨近端骨折发生率呈上升的趋势，肱骨近端骨折的最佳治疗方式也存在争议。   锁定钢板联合异体腓骨：依次切开皮肤、组织，暴露肱骨近端，选择合适的异体腓骨插入髓腔，利用同种异体腓骨的支撑作用及克氏针的撬拨作用临时复位肱骨近端骨折处，之后采用合适大小的锁定钢板对骨折端进行固定。 背景：肱骨近端骨折的最佳治疗方式一直存在着争议，其中使用锁定钢板的开放复位内固定是治疗肱骨近端骨折的一种常用方法，近年有许多研究指出锁定钢板联合异体腓骨可以获得更好的刚性结构。 目的：系统评价锁定钢板联合异体腓骨与锁定钢板单独使用治疗肱骨近端骨折的临床疗效。 方法：截止至2020年1月，在中国知网、万方数据库、维普、PubMed、EMBASE、Cochrane Library等数据库收集锁定钢板与锁定钢板联合异体腓骨治疗肱骨近端骨折疗效对比的文献进行质量评价。采用国际Cochrane协作组提供的RevMan 5.0软件进行Meta分析，比较锁定钢板组与锁定钢板组联合异体腓骨组在美国肩肘外科医师学会评分、Constant评分、肱骨头高度丢失值、颈干角变化值、术后并发症总发生率、二次手术率、螺钉切出率及肱骨头坏死率方面的差异。结果与结论：①纳入8项研究，共623例患者；②结果显示，锁定钢板联合异体腓骨和单纯锁定钢板在术后随访末期美国肩肘外科医师学会评分(95%CI：4.29-6.84，P < 0.05)、Constant评分(95%CI：6.46-15.10，P < 0.05)、肱骨头高度丢失值(95%CI：-3.24至-2.07，P < 0.05)、颈干角变化值(95% CI：-7.20至-5.95，P < 0.05)、并发症总发生率(95%CI：0.18-0.51，P < 0.05)及螺钉切出率(95% CI：0.13-0.65，P < 0.05)等方面差异有显著性意义；③但2种方法在二次手术率(95%CI：0.13-1.14，P > 0.05)及肱骨头坏死率(95% CI：0.41-2.11，P > 0.05)等方面差异无显著性意义；④提示锁定钢板联合异体腓骨与单纯锁定钢板治疗肱骨近端骨折在美国肩肘外科医师学会评分、Constant评分、肱骨头高度丢失值、颈干角变化值、术后并发症发生率、螺钉切出率方面更具优势，但在二次手术率及肱骨头缺血性坏死方面没有明显差异。 ORCID: 0000-0003-2626-8833(涂冬鹏) 中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点：人工关节；骨植入物；脊柱；骨折；内固定；数字化骨科；组织工程     

Osteoporotic ankle fractures: A narrative review of management options

The management of Osteoporotic ankle fractures is still considered to be a challenge by many surgeons. One of the issues seems to be a lack of data focused on this special subgroup, with very little evidence of good quality. We did a narrative review of the literature in an attempt to identify the magnitude of the problem and to evaluate the evidence in support of management options.The current review of the literature has brought to light some interesting facts. Despite limited data there seems to be an in increase in the incidence of these fractures. Although we could not demonstrate any clear distinction between geriatric and osteoporotic ankle fractures from the available literature; it is clear that all geriatric fractures are not necessarily osteoporotic and neither is the reverse true. The evidence to associate osteoporotic ankle fractures with poor outcomes is weak, and factors other than osteoporosis may have a stronger influence. From this analysis, we could not establish a higher incidence of implant failure for this specific fracture group, although many modifications in technique have been proposed due to the fear of fixation failure. Hook plating and Tibia-pro fibula fixation have weak evidence in support, but posterior fibular plating is preferred due to soft tissue protection. There is weak evidence in support of Locking plates for these fractures, as publications focused on this are limited; nevertheless some advantages have been documented. Augmentation by calcium based bone graft substitutes has been reported to improve pull out strengths of screws, but again the evidence of its role in Osteoportic fractures is limited. Fibular nailing has been proposed with specific advantages in osteoporotic fibular fractures, but the concept is new and it is indicated only in a select a subgroup of cases. Some evidence exists for the use of trans-articular nails in geriatric subgroups with limited pre-injury mobility, but the technique has to be used with caution to prevent other complications.InferenceMore data needs to be accumulated before clear guidelines for management of osteoporotic ankle factures are defined; however the current literature supports the need for modifications in standard ankle facture fixation methods to improve outcomes.     

The safety and feasibility of minimal invasive plate osteosynthesis (MIPO) of the posterior aspect of the humerus: A cadaveric study

The aim of this study was to determine the feasibility of applying MIPO of the humerus via the posterior approach and to observe the tension of the radial nerve in different elbow positions. Two separate incisions were made on the posterior aspect of the humerus in ten fresh cadavers (20 humeri). The radial nerve was identified at the proximal incision and the distances through which the nerve could be elevated from the bone with the elbow in flexion and extension were measured. A 10‐hole extra‐articular distal humeral locking compression plate was inserted and fixed through the submuscular tunnel. The tunnel was then explored to identify any entrapment of the radial nerve and to observe the anatomical relationship of the radial nerve to the plate and bone. There was no entrapment of the radial nerve or its branches. The distances through which the radial nerve could be elevated were greater with the elbow in extension than in flexion (P < 0.01). The radial nerve crossed the medial and lateral borders of the posterior surface of the humerus at 80.1–132 mm (average 104.7 mm) and 116.6–175.5 mm (average 142.7 mm) of its total length, respectively. The axillary nerve was located at 38.7–61.7 mm (average 47.9 mm) of total humeral length. MIPO of the humerus using the posterior approach is an alternative option for treating distal humeral shaft fracture. The risk of radial nerve injury can be minimized by careful dissection in the proximal incision. Clin. Anat. 32:176–182, 2019. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.     

锁定钢板联合带锁髓内钉治疗胫骨多段骨折

正2008年2月~2014年7月,我科采用锁定钢板联合带锁髓内钉治疗22例胫骨多段骨折患者,疗效满意,报道如下。1材料与方法1.1病例资料本组22例,男13例,女9例,年龄25~64岁。均为闭合骨折,多节段骨折。12例为胫骨上段并胫骨中段骨折,10例为胫骨平台并胫骨中段骨折。受伤至手术时间为2~17 d。1.2治疗方法硬膜外麻醉。膝关节外侧入路,弧形切口,长约5 cm,胫骨骨     

洁净室微生物监测容易忽视的两个问题

制药工业洁净室内存在许多抑制微生物生长因素,消除这些影响微生物生长的因素,是正确评估洁净室微生物污染的关键;环境监测培养基的选择不当也不能正确评估洁净室微生物的污染。