桡骨远端骨折手法复位并石膏外固定临床疗效观察

目的 观察手法复位并石膏外固定治疗闭合性桡骨远端骨折的临床疗效并探讨手法复位成功的关键因素.方法 对78例中老年桡骨远端骨折患者采用手法复位并石膏外固定治疗,术后定期进行X线和腕关节功能评估.结果 术后X线检查达到解剖复位60例,功能复位18例;末次随访时腕关节评分获优55例,良23例.结论 手法复位并石膏外固定治疗闭合性桡骨远端骨折可取得满意效果.     

不同耳石复位法应用于良性阵发性位置性眩晕的临床效果分析

目的：分析不同耳石复位法治疗良性阵发性位置性眩晕（BPPV）的临床效果。方法资料随机选自2012年1月～2014年1月本院诊治的BPPV患者126例,按照完全随机法1∶1分成研究组和对照组各63例,63例对照组患者统一行Epley耳石复位法,45例研究组PC-BPPV患者行改良Epley耳石复位法,18例研究组HC-BPPV患者行Barbecue翻滚法,分析两组患者治疗后的临床效果、症状改善时间与复发次数。结果研究组患者复发率7.94%、PC-BPPV复发率6.67%与PC-BPPV复发率5.56%均比对照组23.81%、23.91%与23.53%低,差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）;研究组的治疗次数（1.27±0.23）次、治疗1月的发作次数（1.28±0.31）次与治疗时间（5.06±3.12）d,均比对照组（2.34±0.46）次、（3.24±4.26）次与（8.87±3.29）d少,差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）;研究组患者的眩晕、恐惧感、恶心呕吐、强迫体位改善时间比对照组低,治疗1月的前庭功能比治疗前与对照组均低,差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。结论改良Epley耳石复位法是PC-BPPV患者的临床有效治愈手段,Barbecue翻滚法是治疗HC-BPPV的可靠有效治疗方案,分型治疗可以有效改善BPPV临床疗效。     

老年骨质疏松性桡骨远端骨折的治疗体会

目的探讨老年骨质疏松性桡骨远端骨折患者采用手法复位结合中西药治疗的效果。方法选择2004年10月。2013年10月来我院治疗骨质疏松性桡骨远端骨折的老年患者58例,随机分成两组,给予全部患者手法整复夹板外固定疗法,治疗组加用中药治疗,对照组加用西药治疗,对两组患者的临床疗效进行比较。结果两组患者住院用时基本相同（P〉0．05）;治疗组患者无论是骨折愈合用时、骨折愈合程度,还是治疗半年后骨密度值均明显优于对照组（P〈0．05）。结论对于骨质疏松性桡骨远端骨折老年患者而言,由于患者年龄过大采取保守治疗效果最佳,手术治疗风险较大。西药治疗虽药效快,但患者的远期疗效不是十分理想,中药治疗治标治本,不但近期疗效理想,远期疗效更加显著。     

Ruptured disc after arthroscopic repositioning in the temporomandibular joint: a retrospective magnetic resonance imaging study

Our aim was to explore the incidence of rupture after arthroscopic repositioning of the disc of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) by reviewing magnetic resonance images (MRI) of the TMJ taken before and after operation, and to investigate correlations retrospectively. We studied 247 patients with anterior disc displacement of the TMJ, and categorised them into 3 groups based on the postoperative MRI. The first group comprised those whose disc ruptured after repositioning, the second those who had a possible rupture of the disc after repositioning, and the third had no rupture of the disc after repositioning. Age, sex, duration of symptoms, maximum incisal mouth opening, whether the anterior disc displacement was unilateral or bilateral, and the Wilkes stage, were included in the analysis. The incidence of rupture (5/247) was 2%. Weak points at the intermediate zone of the disc were found in 4 of the 5 joints. The patients whose discs ruptured were significantly younger than the other 2 groups (p = 0.001). There was no statistically significant difference in preoperative duration of symptoms and mouth opening among the groups. The proportions of unilateral and bilateral disc displacement (p = 0.047) and Wilkes stage (p = 0.027) differed among the 3 groups. The Wilkes stages was significantly more advanced in the ruptured group than in the other 2 groups (p = 0.027) with 4/5 being bilateral. The weak point in the intermediate zone of the disc on MRI could be a sign of rupture. Teenagers and young adults with anterior disc displacement without reduction, particularly those in whom it is bilateral, are at a higher risk of a rupture after repositioning of the disc by arthroscopy.     

Different therapeutic mechanisms of rigid and semi-rigid mandibular repositioning devices in obstructive sleep apnea syndrome

To clarify the mechanisms of rigid and semi-rigid mandibular repositioning devices (MRDs) in obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS), seven and 13 patients received rigid and semi-rigid MRDs, respectively. Each patient underwent polysomnographic and computed tomographic examinations at the initial consultation and after symptom improvement. Three-dimensional models of the upper airway (hard palate level to epiglottic base) were reconstructed by image processing software (Mimics version 14.2) to measure airway morphology. The mean age and body mass index were 58.1 years and 24.8 kg/m², respectively, in the rigid MRD group and 57.9 years and 23.2 kg/m², respectively, in the semi-rigid MRD group. The apnea-hypopnea index significantly improved (P < 0.05, Wilcoxon signed-rank test) from 22.0 to 8.9 and 20.5 to 11.5 events per hour of sleep in the respective groups. The cross-sectional areas measured at the epiglottic tip (from 2.0 to 2.6 cm²) and hard palate (from 2.6 to 3.3 cm²) levels also increased in the respective groups (P < 0.05). However, airway volume, cross-sectional area measured at the uvular tip level, and anteroposterior and transverse diameters of the airway were not significantly different. In conclusion, both types of MRDs improve respiratory status, but they affect different parts of the airway.     

基于双聚类的药物重定位研究热点分析

以PubMed收录的药物重定位相关文献为数据来源,提取主要主题词进行频次统计,生成高频主题词-论文矩阵进行聚类分析,结果表明当前药物重定位主要研究热点为基于疾病的药物重定位与基于生物信息学的药物重定位两个方面,具体包括5个主题方向。     

良性阵发性位置眩晕患者临床特征分析

目的分析良性阵发性位置性眩晕患者的临床特征。方法对132例良性阵发性位置性眩晕患者的临床资料进行回顾性分析。结果 BPPV发病率女性高于男性,50~59岁为高发年龄段,绝大多数患者有明显潜伏期,眩晕持续时间短暂,病变部位受累以单侧为主,右侧发病明显高于左侧,PC-BPPV发病率明显高于HC-BPPV及AC-BPPV;耳石复位法治疗BPPV效果肯定,1次治疗有效率为81.82%,2次治疗总有效率为93.18%,对123例治疗有效患者随访观察半年,复发率为17.89%;PC-BPPV潜伏期明显长于HC-BPPV(P<0.05),无明显潜伏期比例显著少于HC-BPPV(P<0.01)。结论 BPPV患者具有明显的临床特征,应根据实际情况给予合适的治疗方法,以提高临床治疗效果。     

脊柱定点旋转复位法治疗腰椎间盘突出症的护理

目的总结脊柱定点旋转复位法治疗腰椎间盘突出症的护理要点。方法回顾性分析运用脊柱定点旋转复位法治疗998例腰椎间盘突出症患者的护理内容,包括心理护理、体位护理、功能锻炼及健康指导等护理措施。结果998例患者中,治愈912例,好转61例,无效15例,治愈复发10例,总有效率97.5%。结论护理人员精心护理是该手法治疗成功的关鍵。     

耳石手法复位治疗后半规管良性阵发性位置性眩晕

目的比较两种耳石手法复位治疗后半规管良性阵发性位置性眩晕(PC-BPPV)的疗效和安全性。方法 78例单侧PC-BPPV患者分为Ep ley手法治疗组和B randt手法治疗组。计算治疗后7 d、半个月的缓解率,观察治疗的不良反应。结果 Ep ley手法治疗组首次及2周的缓解率分别为61.9%、76.1%;B randt手法治疗组为66.6%、77.6%,两组比较差异无统计学意义。Ep ley手法治疗组出现不良反应7例,B randt手法治疗组出现不良反应3例。结论耳石手法复位治疗BPPV是一种非常有效的方法,B randt手法治疗操作更简单,容易被患者接受。