2型糖尿病肾病患者红细胞免疫功能与脂质过氧化的关系

目的：探讨了2型糖尿病肾病患者红细胞免疫功能的变化及其与脂质过氧化的关系。方法：应用红细胞酵母花环法对34例2型糖尿病肾病患者进行了红细胞免疫功能和化学比色法测定血清丙二醛（MDA）、超过氧化物歧化酶（SOD）、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶（GSH-PX）含量,并与35名正常健康人作比较。结果：2型糖尿病患者红细胞免疫复合物（RBC-IC）花环率和MDA水平明显升高（P〈0.05～0.01）,而红细胞C3b受体（RBCc3b-RR）、SOD、GSH-PX水平显著低于正常（P〈0.01）。相关分析显示：RBCc3b花环与MDA呈显著负相关（r=-0.4012,P〈0.05）,RBC-ICR与MDA呈显著正相关（r=0.5928,P〈0.01）。结论：2型糖尿病患者红细胞免疫功能降低与活性氧代谢紊乱密切相关。     

缺血预处理对大鼠压疮缺血再灌注损伤保护作用的实验研究

目的比较不同缺血处理方法对大鼠皮肤及皮下组织的保护作用,为临床判断压疮损伤的程度及压疮干预效果提供理论依据。方法将60只SD大鼠随机分为对照组（S组）、缺血再灌注组（RI组）和缺血预处理组（IPC组）,每组20只．建立大鼠压疮缺血再灌注损伤处理模型,通过肉眼观察受压程度,检测血清氧自由基的水平,以判断压疮缺血再灌注损伤程度。结果RI组和IPC组大鼠出现I期压疮的发生率为100％。IPC组血清一氧化氮、丙二醛含量高于S组,明显低于RI组．超氧化物歧化酶活性低于S组,明显高于RI组。结论缺血预处理对压疮缺血再灌注损伤具有保护作用。     

Protective effects of melatonin against spinal cord injury induced oxidative damage in rat kidney: A morphological and biochemical study

Spinal cord injury (SCI) induced oxidative stress affects multiple organ systems including the kidney. We studied the possible protective effects of melatonin on SCI-induced oxidative damage in renal tissues of rats. Wistar albino rats (n = 24) were exposed to SCI and divided into vehicle- or melatonin-treated SCI groups. Melatonin was administred intraperitoneally at a dose of 10 mg/kg for seven days. Renal tissues were investigated by light and electron microscopy. Furthermore, tissue malondialdehyde (MDA) and glutathione (GSH) levels and myeloperoxidase (MPO) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activities were also determined. In the vehicle-treated SCI group, the renal histology was disturbed compared to controls, whereas the melatonin-treated SCI group showed significantly reduced degeneration of renal tissue as seen by both light and electron microscopy. MDA levels, MPO and SOD activities were increased and GSH levels were decreased in the vehicle-treated SCI group compared to controls. On the other hand, decreased MDA levels and MPO activities and increased GSH levels were observed in the melatonin-treated SCI group compared to vehicle-treated SCI group. These results showed that experimentally induced SCI caused oxidative stress in the rat kidney, whereas melatonin treatment reduced oxidative stress, suggesting that it may be used as a complementary therapy of renal problems occurring following SCI.     

Revision of hip flexor anatomy and function in modern humans,and implications for the evolution of hominin bipedalism

Hip flexor musculature was instrumental in the evolution of hominin bipedal gait and in endurance running for hunting in the genus Homo. The iliacus and psoas major muscles were historically considered to have separate tendons with different insertions on the lesser trochanter. However, in the early 20th century, it became “common knowledge” that the two muscles insert together on the lesser trochanter as the “iliopsoas” tendon. We revisited the findings of early anatomists and tested the more recent paradigm of a common “iliopsoas” tendon based on dissections of hips and their associated musculature (n = 17). We rediscovered that the tendon of the psoas muscle inserts only into a crest running from the superior to anterior aspect of the lesser trochanter, separate from the iliacus. The iliacus inserts fleshly into the anterior portion of the lesser trochanter and into an inferior crest extending from it. We developed 3D multibody dynamics biomechanical models for: (a) the conjoint “iliopsoas” tendon hypothesis and (b) the separate insertion hypothesis. We show that the conjoint model underestimates the iliacus' capacity to generate hip flexion relative to the separate insertion model. Further work reevaluating the primate lower limb (including human) through dissection, needs to be performed to develop those datasets for reconstructing anatomy in fossil hominins using the extant phylogenetic bracket approach, which is frequently used for tetrapods clades outside of paleoanthropology.     

褪黑素对睡眠剥夺大鼠记忆的影响

目的探讨褪黑素对睡眠剥夺(SD)大鼠记忆的影响及其机制。方法24只大鼠随机分为对照组(SD 生理盐水)和2个实验组(SD 小、大剂量褪黑素),用小平台水环境法建立大鼠SD模型,SD48h和SD72h后用水迷宫测试大鼠的记忆能力,最后检测大鼠大脑皮层和海马中一氧化氮(NO)和丙二醛(MDA)含量。结果实验组大鼠SD48h和SD72h水迷宫反应时均明显小于对照组(F=11.89、5.44,P=0.00、0.012)。实验组大鼠大脑皮层和海马组织中NO和MDA含量明显低于对照组(F=14.31~27.41,P=0.00)。结论褪黑素对睡眠剥夺大鼠记忆障碍有改善作用,这可能与抑制睡眠剥夺大鼠大脑皮层和海马中NO及MDA的升高作用有关。     

壳聚糖延缓衰老作用的实验研究

为探讨壳聚糖在延缓衰老功能方面的作用 ,以OregonK黑腹果蝇 (Drosophilamelanogaster)和 2 0月龄SD雄性大鼠为研究对象 ,观察壳聚糖对果蝇生存时间及对大鼠血清中SOD活性、MDA含量的影响 .结果发现 ,雌雄果蝇各剂量组的最高寿命天数均明显增高 (p <0 .0 1) ,雌性果蝇 0 .0 15 %、0 .0 4 5 %、0 .135 %剂量组平均寿命天数较对照组延长 (p<0 .0 5 ) ,且半数死亡时间分别比对照组延长 2天、8天和 18天 .SD大鼠血清中SOD活性升高 ,MDA含量下降 (p<0 .0 5 ) .壳聚糖具有延缓衰老功能 ,且作用机理与其能减少机体内氧自由基水平有关 .     

妊娠期高血压病患者血清NO、NOS水平与脂质过氧化物关系

目的：探讨妊娠期高血压病患者血清NO、NOS水平与脂质过氧化物关系。方法：应用生化法对31例妊娠期高血压病患者进行了血清NO、NOS测定和化学比色法测定血清丙二醛（MDA）、超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶（GSH-PX）含量,并与35名正常孕妇作比较。结果：妊娠期高血压病患者血清NO、NOS、GSH-PX水平非常显著地低于正常孕妇组（P〈0.01）,而NOS、MDA水平又非常显著地高于正常孕妇组（P〈0.01）,相关分析显示,血清NO、SOD、GSH-PX水平呈负相关（r=-0.4172、-0.4215、-0.4022,P〈0.05）。结论：妊娠期高血压病患者血清NO、NOS、GSH-PX水平的降低与活性代谢紊乱密切相关。     

酸奶对心肌梗死大鼠自由基代谢影响的研究

目的 研究酸奶对心肌梗死鼠的抗氧化作用.方法 采用异丙肾上腺素复制大鼠心肌缺血模型,测定心肌组织中超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性和丙二醛(MDA)含量.结果 通过饮食酸奶,能显著增加心肌梗死模型大鼠心肌组织的SOD活性,降低MDA含量.结论 饮食酸奶对心肌梗死鼠有一定的抗氧化作用.