Opioid-Sparing Analgesia and Enhanced Recovery After Total Knee Arthroplasty Using Combined Triple Nerve Blocks With Local Infiltration Analgesia

Background

Peripheral nerve block and local infiltration analgesia (LIA) have an increasing role as part of multimodal analgesia for enhanced recovery after total knee arthroplasty (TKA). We hypothesized that the combination of obturator nerve block (ONB) and tibial nerve block (TNB) would reduce pain and opioid consumption more than ONB or TNB alone when combined with continuous adductor canal block and LIA.

Prophylactic Cranial Irradiation for Limited-Stage Small-Cell Lung Cancer Patients: Secondary Findings From the Prospective Randomized Phase 3 CONVERT Trial

Introduction

The impact of the dose and fractionation of thoracic radiotherapy on the risk of developing brain metastasis (BM) has not been evaluated prospectively in limited stage SCLC patients receiving prophylactic cerebral irradiation (PCI).

18F-FDG PET-CT显像在预测肺癌淋巴结分期中的价值

目的:探究18F-FDG PET-CT显像在肺癌患者淋巴结分期中的预测价值。方法:以35例经手术病理证实为肺癌患者的PET-CT资料及临床资料为研究对象。在PET-CT原发灶及纵隔淋巴结各区最浓聚的部位勾画感兴趣区,得出SUVmax.以淋巴结转移进行分组,采用t检验、Wilcoxon rank-sum检验及四格表资料的Fisher确切概率法分析组间淋巴结SUVmax、淋巴结与原发灶SUVmax的比值(SUVratio)及临床特征的差异。用ROC曲线对PET/CT的预测价值进行分析。结果:患者年龄、性别、吸烟史、组织类型与肺门、纵隔淋巴结转移无显著相关(P>0.05)。转移淋巴结的SUVmax较非转移淋巴结显著升高,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),而淋巴结的SUVratio与淋巴结转移无明显相关(P>0.05)。取淋巴结SUVmax的最佳阈值,假阴性患者中的肺癌原发灶SUVmax偏低,假阳性患者比假阴性患者中的吸烟率高,但不具有显著统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论:淋巴结SUVmax可以为临床判断淋巴结转移提供定量指标。结合患者的临床病理特征判断淋巴结的转移可能从--定程度上减少假阳性率及假阴性率。     

Targeted Tissue and Cell-Free Tumor DNA Sequencing of Advanced Lung Squamous-Cell Carcinoma Reveals Clinically Significant Prevalence of Actionable Alterations

Background

Major guidelines do not recommend routine molecular profiling of lung squamous-cell carcinoma (LUSC) because the prevalence of actionable alterations is thought to be low. Increased utilization of next-generation sequencing (NGS), particularly with cell-free circulating tumor DNA, facilitates reevaluation of this premise.

经腹彩色多普勒超声在前置胎盘并发胎盘植入诊断中的临床价值

目的探讨经腹彩色多普勒超声在前置胎盘并发胎盘植入诊断中的临床价值。方法选取2012年4月~2015年4月在我院接受治疗的前置胎盘合并胎盘植入患者共100例,采用经腹彩色多普勒对所有患者进行检查,分析检查结果。结果经腹彩色多普勒超声诊断后,共诊断为前置胎盘并发胎盘植入的患者共52例,准确率为98.1%,漏诊患者1例,漏诊率为1.9%。结论采用经腹彩色多普勒超声对产妇的前置胎盘并发胎盘植入疾病进行诊断具有良好的临床价值。     

Effect of Acoustic Parameters and Microbubble Concentration on the Likelihood of Encapsulated Microbubble Coalescence

Microbubble contrast agents are commonly used for therapeutic and diagnostic imaging applications. Under certain conditions, these contrast agents can coalesce on ultrasound application and form larger bubbles than the initial population. The formation of large microbubbles potentially influences therapeutic outcomes and imaging quality. We studied clinically relevant ultrasound parameters related to low-pressure therapy and contrast-enhanced ultrasound imaging to determine their effect on microbubble coalescence and subsequent changes in microbubble size distributions in vitro. Results indicate that therapeutic ultrasound at low frequencies, moderate pressures and high duty cycles are capable of forming bubbles greater than two times larger than the initial bubble distribution. Furthermore, acoustic parameters related to contrast-enhanced ultrasound imaging that are at higher frequency, low-pressure and low-duty cycle exhibit no statistically significant changes in bubble diameter, suggesting that standard contrast ultrasound imaging does not cause coalescence. Overall, this work suggests that the microbubble coalescence phenomenon can readily occur at acoustic parameters used in therapeutic ultrasound, generating bubbles much larger than those found in commercial contrast agents, although coalescence is unlikely to be significant in diagnostic contrast-enhanced ultrasound imaging. This observation warrants further expansion of parameter ranges and investigation of resulting effects.     

【原创论文】不育夫妇中男方的代谢综合征与前列腺异常的情况

目前尚无年轻男性不育症患者代谢综合征与前列腺相关的症状和体征之间关系的系统研究。我们研究了171对不育夫妇中的男性（36．5±8．3岁），代谢综合征是根据国家胆固醇教育计划成人治疗专题小组第三次报告确定。所有人接受了激素（包括总睾酮和胰岛素）、精液f包括白细胞介素8，精浆中白细胞介素8（SIL-8））、阴囊及经直肠超声评估。因为我们此前已有大样本队列研究了不育男性代谢综合征和阴囊检测指标之间的相关性，这里我们重点研究代谢综合征与经直肠前列腺B超资料的相关性。前列腺相关症状采用美国国立卫生研究院评估慢性前列腺炎症状指数（NIH-CPSI）和国际前列腺症状评分（iPSS）。22位受试者符合代谢综合征的诊断标准。经年龄调整后的有序多项Logistic回归模型分析显示：胰岛素水平增加是代谢综合征的一个组分（Wald=29．5，P〈0．0001）并与TT负相关（调整后的r=0．359，P〈O．0001）。未观察到代谢综合征和NIH．CPSI或IPSS评分之间有相关性。经年龄、睾酮、胰岛素校正后有序多项Logistic回归模型显示：代谢综合征组分数目的增加与正常精子形态负相关（Wald=5．59，P〈0．02）、与前列腺炎症的分子标志物血清sIL-8水平正相关（Wald=4．32，P〈0．05），与前列腺总体积和移行带体积（Wald=17．6和12．5，P〈0．0001）、动脉收缩期峰值流速（Wald=9．57，P=0．002）、质地不均匀性（HR=8711．05—3．33]，P〈0．05）、钙化灶大小（Wald=3．11，P〈0．05）正相关，但不与精囊体积或功能指标正相关。总之，不育夫妇中的男性代谢综合征与前列腺增大、生化指标（sIL8）和前列腺炎症的超声指标呈正相关，而与前列腺相关症状无正相关，表明代谢综合征可能是良性前列腺增生症的早期亚临床表现的触发点。     

Impact of Simulation-Based Training on Radiology Trainee Education in Ultrasound-Guided Breast Biopsies

PurposeThe aim of this study is to determine the impact of a simulation-based ultrasound-guided (USG) breast biopsy training session on radiology trainee procedural knowledge, comfort levels, and overall procedural confidence and anxiety.MethodsTwenty-one diagnostic radiology residents from a single academic institution were recruited to participate in an USG breast biopsy training session. The residents filled out a questionnaire before and after the training session. Ten multiple-choice questions tested general knowledge in diagnostic breast ultrasound and USG breast biopsy concepts. Subjective comfort levels with ultrasound machine and biopsy device functionality, patient positioning, proper biopsy technique, image documentation, needle safety and overall procedural confidence and anxiety levels were reported on a 5-point Likert scale before and after training.ResultsParticipants demonstrated significant improvement in number of correctly answered general knowledge questions after training (P < .0001). Significant improvement was seen in resident comfort level in ultrasound machine functionality, patient positioning, biopsy device functionality, biopsy technique, image documentation, as well as overall confidence level (all P < .05). Participants indicated a slight but not significant reduction in anxiety levels (P = .27).ConclusionsA simulation-based USG breast biopsy training session may improve radiology trainee procedural knowledge, comfort levels, and overall procedural confidence.     

颅脑超声诊断新生儿脑损伤的临床价值

目的探讨颅脑超声诊断新生儿脑损伤的临床价值。方法应用颅脑超声对1 387例住院新生儿进行早期检查及随访,分析声像图表现。结果颅脑超声检查1 387例,其中正常声像图594例,异常声像图793例。结论颅脑超声对新生儿脑损伤诊断率高,并能连续监测新生儿病情变化,故可成为新生儿脑损伤早期诊断、判断其严重程度及随访的有效手段。