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51.
非瓣膜病房颤患者左心耳血流动力学的TEE研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
应用多平面经食管超声心动图技术(M-TEE),对30例健康人和30例非瓣病房颤患者(NVAF)心底短轴切面测量了左心耳最大直径,同一心动周期内左心耳最大及最小面积及左心耳最大空速度,产将NVAF患者按照自发显影及血栓的有无分为2组。发现NVAF组左心耳增大,收缩力及血流速度均减低,且这种变化在有血栓和有血栓形成倾向的患者中更为明显。 相似文献
52.
Kim C. Donaghue M.M. Pena A.T.W. Fung M. Bonney N.J. Howard M. Silink J. Schwingshandl 《Diabetic medicine》1995,12(10):868-873
The study aimed to compare the longitudinal assessment of autonomic nerve function by computerized infrared pupillometry and standard cardiovascular tests in adolescents with diabetes. Adolescents (n = 150) were assessed at two time points (T1 and T2). The median time interval between assessments was 1.5 (range 0.9–3) years. At T1 the median age was 14.5 (range 8.3–19.5) years and the median duration was 6.5 (range 1.1–16) years. The pupillary variables assessed included the resting pupil diameter, the maximum constriction velocity, and the reflex amplitude of constriction. Heart rate reflexes were assessed in response to deep breathing, the Valsalva manoeuvre, and on standing from a lying position (30/15 ratio). Between visits there was a significant decrease in maximum constriction velocity (6.0 mm s?1 vs 6.3 mm s?1, p = 0.0001) and resting pupil diameter (6.2 mm vs 6.3 mm, p = 0.001). At reassessment pupillary abnormalities increased from 32 (21 %) to 45 (30%), with 17 (54 %) of the initial abnormalities persisting. Adolescents with abnormally slow maximum constriction velocity compared to those with normal maximum constriction velocity had a higher glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c%) at T2 (p = 0.02) and between assessments (p = 0.01). Cardiovascular test abnormalities did not increase between visits and the persistence of initial abnormalities was low (21 %). In summary, pupillometry appears a more sensitive test of autonomic nerve dysfunction in adolescents with diabetes than assessment of cardiovascular reflexes. 相似文献
53.
胸部螺旋CT扫描技术及临床应用 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
作者采用了不同的人体体模和临床应用实验,对常规和螺旋CT扫描进行了比较研究。结果显示:与常规CT比较,螺旋CT图像无失真,变形。分辨率略差于常规CT。改变扫描条件和床速,图像质量无明显改变。改变扫描图像数学处理模式后,分辨率有所增加,但螺旋扫描仍冰及常规扫描。在临床应用上,螺旋扫描有许多优点。如何采用一次屏气技术,对病人某一脏器检查只需一次连续扫描。扫描速度快,不易产生运动伪影,所选脏器的扫描无盲 相似文献
54.
陈爱华 《南方医科大学学报》1990,(3)
本文用X线电影摄影方法评价了49例左室舒张(充盈)功能的影响因素。冠心病(CAD)组23例,高血压病组12例,正常对照组14例。左室充盈功能或顺应性主要受冠脉病变严重程度的影响。冠脉狭窄程度越重,并有陈旧性心肌梗塞、室壁运动异常、EF下降,则充盈功能受损愈明显。血压、年龄因素对舒张充盈功能的影响较小。在CAD组中,心率与1/3充盈分数呈负相关,与正常化高峰充盈率(NPFR)不相关,而EF则与NPFR相关良好。 相似文献
55.
分析了系统性红斑狼疮并肺、胸膜损害30例,胸膜改变占首位,共19例,(63.3%),其中胸膜积液16例,合并心包积液3例。其次为SLE肺炎5例(16.7%),尿毒症肺水肿3例(10%),弥漫性肺间质纤维化2例(6.7%),肺不张1例(3.35%)。对临床表现、诊断、治疗和预后进行了讨论。 相似文献
56.
57.
通过42例重型肺心病、7例轻型肺心病、16例肺心病伴发冠心病患者和30例正常人在静息状态下的左右心脏射血分数及其临床资料的分析表明,重型肺心病患者在病情的急性发作期,存在有不同程度的左心功能不全,而轻型肺心病患者则无左心功能不全的表现。表明慢性肺心病仅在病程晚期,才由以右心为主的疾病发展成为全心病。本文还对重型肺心病与肺心病伴发冠心病患者的左心功能进行比较,结果表明,肺心病伴发冠心病患者左室功能受损程度更为明显,双重病因导致的左室功能减退,常造成心肌更严重的损害而且不容易恢复。 相似文献
58.
Obstructive and restrictive ventilatory impairment in polyvinylchloride fabrication workers 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
P Ernst L De Guire B Armstrong G Thériault 《American journal of industrial medicine》1988,14(3):273-279
Responses to a standardized respiratory symptom questionnaire, spirometry, and cross-shift decreases in lung function between 70 current employees of a polyvinylchloride (PVC) fabrication plant and a control group consisting of 48 men employed in a vegetable packing plant were compared. FEV1/FVC was significantly lower in the PVC workers. Cross-shift drops in Vmax75 of 15% or more were also more prevalent in the exposed group (p = .01). When examining the association between months of work within the exposed workforce and spirometric indices of airway obstruction, no relationship could be demonstrated. However, an inverse dose-response relationship was seen between level of FVC and duration of employment, suggesting a restrictive impairment. While the specific exposures have not been identified, it appears that employment in PVC fabrication may be associated with both obstructive and restrictive ventilatory effects. 相似文献
59.
红细胞不同温度长期冻存后形态和免疫功能的变化及其临床意义 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
目的 探讨一种简便、有效的红细胞长期保存的方法。方法 红细胞在-40℃、80℃及-196℃(液氮)不同温度下长期保存18个月后,分别测定冻存前后红细胞平均体积(MCV)、红细胞渗透脆性(RFT)及红细胞免疫功能(RBC-C3bRR、ERPN)。结果 红细胞-40℃长期冻存后,MCV和RFT较冻存前显著提高(P<0.05),RBC-C3bRRt ERPN较冻存前显著降低(P<0.05)。红细胞-80℃、-196℃长期冻存后,MCV、RFT、RBC-C3bRR及ERPN较冻存前无明显改变(P>0.05)。结论 红细胞经-80℃、-196℃长期冻存后,其形态、结构和免疫功能保存良好。-80℃低温冻存是一种简便、有效的红细胞长期保存的方法。 相似文献
60.
We assessed the mechanics and morphology of the lung in 165 rats treated neonatally with either room air (RA), O2, RA + steroids, or O2, + steroids. Newborn Sprague-Dawley male rats were randomly assigned to these groups. O2,-exposure (0.96-1.0 FiO2 lasted 5 days, and dexamethasone treatment consisted of eight daily S.C. injections of drug or buffer in successive doses of 0.5,0.4.0.3,0.2,0.1, 0.1. 0.1. and 0.1 mg/kg. At 58 days, right ventricular systolic pressure (RVP) was measured. At 60 days, all rats were sacrificed for obtaining lung weight and DNA, saline pressure-volume (P-V) curves, and morphometry. We weighed right ventricles (RV) and left ventricles + septa (LV). Hyperoxia alone did not, but steroid decreased survival rate to 79.4% (95.3% in RA rats, P < 0.02). Only 21 of 40 (52%) O2 + steroids rats survived, less than in both RA groups (P < 0.001). RV weight, RVP and muscularization of alveolar duct arteries were significantly increased in O2 vs. RA rats. In RA + steroids rats, weight of the LV was decreased but RV, RVP, and lung vasculature were not affected. These effects were additive in the O2 + steroid group. Wet lung weights and DNA were increased for RA + steroid rats over all others. O2 and steroids shifted the P-V curve to the left and O2+ steroids still further. Maximal lung volume increased significantly with RA + steroids and still further in O2 + steroids but not in O2 alone. O2 and steroids significantly increased the mean linear intercept and O2 + steroids even more so. In O2- and steroid-treated rats, the parenchymal air space increased. In conclusion, both neonatal hyperoxia and steroid administration caused aberrations in the growth of lung and connective tissue. The effects of the two were additive. The vascular system, maximal lung volume, and DNA responded differently, presumably by different modes of action. Pediatr Pulmonol. 1993; 16:81–88. © 1993 Wiley-Liss, Inc. 相似文献