Vertebral body replacement system Synex in unstable burst fractures of the thoracic and lumbar spine

A prospective longitudinal study was performed to evaluate the vertebral body replacement system Synex associated with posterior fixation in unstable burst fractures of the lumbar and thoracic spine. Within 24 months, we treated 28 patients (average age, 41 years; range, 22–64 years; 14 women, 14 men) with acute unstable burst fractures without osteoporosis of the thoracolumbar region (n=16) and the thoracic (n=3) as well as the lumbar (n=9) spine in two stages (primary dorsal transpedicular stabilization and secondary vertebral body replacement). The complications were analyzed and the postoperative follow-up result was evaluated regarding stability, bone fusion, correction loss, pain and neurological status. One patient showed a transient irritation of the lumbosacral plexus and one patient had a superficial wound infection (complication rate, 7.1%). At the follow-up examination (mean follow-up, 13 months) only in two cases a minimal loss of correction (<5°) was measured. Radiologically, 27 patients showed secure bone fusions and all patients had stability of the osteosynthesis. Most of the patients stated no or just slight pain at follow-up. Only two patients with pain to a medium degree had to take painkillers. The vertebral body replacement system Synex seems to be a good alternative for vertebral body replacement in unstable burst fractures of the thoracic and lumbar spine since at present follow-up it shows a high rate of bone fusion and minimal loss of correction.     

二次注射胶原酶治疗腰椎间盘突出症的临床研究

目的 讨论二次注射胶原酶治疗腰椎间盘突出症的可行性及适应证.方法 对82例行二次注射胶原酶治疗的腰椎间盘突出症患者进行随访并对其临床疗效进行总结分析.结果 82例患者随访3～12个月,疗效优51例,良13例,可8例,差10例,总优良率为78%,有效率为88%,本组患者无一例出现并发症.结论 只要严格掌握二次胶原酶注射治疗腰椎间盘突出症的适应证,做好术前、术中、术后的过敏反应预防措施,二次注射胶原酶治疗腰椎间盘突出症是安全有效的.     

子宫动脉栓塞治疗子宫肌瘤89例报告

目的 评价子宫动脉栓塞术治疗子宫肌瘤的近期疗效。方法 89例子宫肌瘤患者，采用Seldinger技术分别作左右子宫动脉主干插管检查和栓塞治疗，栓塞剂采用聚乙稀醇颗粒(PVA)或白芨混合颗粒。结果 72例(80．9％)完成随访，随访时间1～28个月。有94．1％(64／68)的患者月经复常；治疗后瘤体缩小25．2％～76．8％(M=41．3％)。除了术中术后疼痛(65例)和发热(16例)外，有2例因肌瘤坏死行子宫切除术，1例出现卵巢早衰。结论 子宫动脉栓塞术治疗子宫肌瘤的近期疗效满意，远期疗效尚待进一步观察。     

颞肌筋膜瓣与全厚皮片移植修复下睑凹陷性畸形

目的探讨颞筋膜瓣或颞肌筋膜瓣与自体全厚皮片移植,在下睑凹陷性瘢痕畸形修复中的应用效果。方法设计以颞浅动脉为蒂的颞筋膜瓣,对伴眶下壁骨缺损者同时行以颞浅、深动脉为蒂的颞肌筋膜瓣,并取耳后全厚皮片移植联合矫正下睑凹陷性畸形。结果8例患者,术后组织瓣及皮片成活良好,凹陷处填充效果满意。随访6个月至1年,睑外翻矫正,瘢痕不显,颞部供区毛发生长良好。结论应用颞筋膜瓣或颞肌筋膜瓣与全厚皮片移植,联合矫正下睑凹陷性畸形的方法,具有操作简便,且无明显的供区损害的特点,是修复下睑凹陷性瘢痕畸形较理想的方法。     

咬肌与颅面形态的关系

目的探讨咬肌与颅面形态之间的关系，了解咬肌体积与邻近骨骼结构的大小及形态的相关性。方法对40例要求改变脸型者进行磁共振成像（MRI）测量，人体测量，头部正位、侧位和下颌骨曲面断层X线检查，测量并计算咬肌体积（MsV），测量头长（HL）、头宽（HB）、面长（FL）、面宽（FB）、下颌角间宽（IB）、下颌骨体长（CL）、下颌角切线长（MAL）、下颌角角度（JA），计算颜面形态指数FI（FL／FB）、头颅指数C（IHB／HL）。用SPSS11．5软件统计分析MsV与HI。HB、FL、FB、IB、CL、MAL、JA、FI、CI之间的相关性。结果MsV与JA呈明显负相关，与CL、MAL、IB、FB、HL呈明显正相关，与CL、FI、HB无明显相关性。结论咬肌肥大可能是方脸面型的成因之一，是影响面型的重要因素。     

CT导向下医疗用臭氧治疗腰椎间盘突出症

目的观察CT导向下医用臭氧治疗腰椎间盘突出症的疗效。方法30例腰椎间盘突出症患者,术前均经CT或MRI检查证实。在CT导向下行臭氧消融治疗。盘内注入浓度为60μg/ml臭氧10-20 ml,退针出纤维环至椎间孔附近,注入浓度为40μg/ml臭氧5 ml。结果随访时间1-6个月,显效7例,有效18例,无效5例,总有效率为80.3%,未发生任何明显并发症。结论CT导向下医用臭氧局部注射是治疗腰椎间盘突出症的一种有效方法。     

胸腰椎病变CT监视下穿刺活检路径分析

目的探讨胸腰椎病变CT监视下穿刺活检中穿刺路径的选择方法。方法141例胸腰椎病变临床诊断不清患者，其中胸椎70例，腰椎71例。根据病变位于脊椎的不同部位选择合适的穿刺路径，于CT监视下穿刺取材。穿刺路径：经椎旁路径63例，经椎弓根路径45例，经肋椎关节路径11例，其他路径22例。结果141例中共有128例诊断正确，穿刺结果诊断正确率为90．8％。无并发症发生。结论胸腰椎病变穿刺路径的选择要根据病变的位置不同具体分析。总的原则是安全、取材量多、对患者损伤小。     

Nonoperatively treated burst fractures of the thoracic and lumbar spine in adults: a 23- to 41-year follow-up

BACKGROUND CONTEXT: Several studies report a favorable short-term outcome after nonoperatively treated two-column thoracic or lumbar burst fractures in patients without neurological deficits. Few reports have described the long-term clinical and radiological outcome after these fractures, and none have, to our knowledge, specifically evaluated the long-term outcome of the discs adjacent to the fractured vertebra, often damaged at injury and possibly at an increased risk of height reduction and degeneration with subsequent chronic back pain. PURPOSE: To evaluate the long-term clinical and radiological outcome after nonoperatively treated thoracic or lumbar burst fractures in adults, with special attention to posttraumatic radiological disc height reduction. STUDY DESIGN: Case series. PATIENT SAMPLE: Sixteen men with a mean age of 31 years (range, 19-44) and 11 women with a mean age of 40 years (range, 23-61) had sustained a thoracic or lumbar burst fracture during the years 1965 to 1973. Four had sustained a burst fracture Denis type A, 18 a Denis type B, 1 a Denis type C, and 4 a Denis type E. Seven of these patients had neurological deficits at injury, all retrospectively classified as Frankel D. OUTCOME MEASURES: The clinical outcome was evaluated subjectively with Oswestry score and questions regarding work capacity and objectively with the Frankel scale. The radiological outcome was evaluated with measurements of local kyphosis over the fractured segment, ratios of anterior and posterior vertebral body heights, adjacent disc heights, pedicle widths, sagittal width of the spinal canal, and lateral and anteroposterior displacement. METHODS: From the radiographical archives of an emergency hospital, all patients with a nonoperatively treated thoracic or lumbar burst fracture during the years 1965 to 1973 were registered. The fracture type, localization, primary treatment, and outcome were evaluated from the old radiographs, referrals, and reports. Twenty-seven individuals were clinically and radiologically evaluated a mean of 27 years (range, 23-41) after the injury. RESULTS: At follow-up, 21 former patients reported no or minimal back pain or disability (Oswestry Score mean 4; range, 0-16), whereas 6 former patients (of whom 3 were classified as Frankel D at baseline) reported moderate or severe disability (Oswestry Score mean 39; range, 26-54). Six former patients were classified as Frankel D, and the rest as Frankel E. Local kyphosis had increased by a mean of 3 degrees (p<.05), whereas the discs adjacent to the fractured vertebrae remained unchanged in height during the follow-up. CONCLUSIONS: Nonoperatively treated burst fractures of the thoracic or lumbar spine in adults with or without minor neurological deficits have a predominantly favorable long-term outcome, and there seems to be no increased risk for subsequent disc height reduction in the adjacent discs.     

特发性脊柱侧凸患者椎旁肌中神经营养素3的表达及意义

目的:研究特发性脊柱侧凸(IS)患者椎旁肌组织中神经营养素3(Neurotrophin-3,NT-3)在核酸水平(mRNA)的表达情况。方法:随机选择19例IS患者,年龄12～19岁,平均14.3岁,Cobb角42°～80°(平均54°)。手术中取顶椎(T7～T10)凸侧、凹侧椎旁肌肉组织,采用半定量RT-PCR法检测NT-3 mRNA表达水平。取4例相同年龄段的椎间盘突出患者手术切口头端非病变部位椎旁肌肉组织作为对照。结果:对照组椎旁肌中NT-3的mRNA表达阳性率50%,相对表达量为0.0237±0.0158,IS组患者椎旁肌中表达阳性率63.16%,相对表达量为0.1213±0.0939,较对照组表达量增加(P=0.051)。9例Cobb角>50°的IS患者表达阳性率为44.44%,相对表达量0.0431±0.0359,和对照组无明显差异;10例Cobb角≤50°的IS患者中表达阳性率为80%,相对表达量为0.1604±0.0895,与对照组和Cobb角>50°的IS患者比较有明显增加(P<0.01)。结论:正常椎旁肌组织中NT-3在核酸水平微量表达,特发性脊柱侧凸患者椎旁肌组织中NT-3 mRNA表达增加,尤其在小角度IS患者中增加明显,提示IS患者中存在神经营养因子表达异常。     

联合培养的成纤维细胞对平滑肌细胞增殖和形态的影响

目的:观察体外联合培养的成纤维细胞对平滑肌细胞形态和增殖的影响,为研究成纤维细胞和平滑肌细胞生物学特性和相互关系以及体外构建含此两种细胞的组织工程皮肤提供理论和实践基础。方法:在体外分别分离培养成纤维细胞和平滑肌细胞并常规传代培养。模拟组织工程皮肤的结构及成纤维细胞和平滑肌细胞间的相互影响途径,按照不同比例(平滑肌细胞:成纤维细胞=1:1,1:2,1:3)建立以胶原凝胶为基质的成纤维细胞与平滑肌细胞联合培养模型。应用荧光标记、组织学观察和MTT法对平滑肌细胞的形态和代谢进行研究。结果:联合培养模型法可以有效地建立起成纤维细胞和平滑肌细胞的相互影响模式。1:1组的成纤维细胞对联合培养的平滑肌细胞增殖有促进作用,1:3组的促增殖作用则不明显。结论:1:1联合培养的成纤维细胞对平滑肌细胞增殖有促进作用,对它们体外培养和扩增以及相互关系的研究对阐明这两种细胞组合作为真皮替代物种子细胞具有重要的意义。