The laterally extended medial hemisoleus flap for reconstruction of a tibial wound in the distal third of the leg

A soleus flap as a local reconstructive option for soft-tissue coverage of a tibial wound in the distal third of the leg has never been well recognized. In a 2-year period, seven patients underwent reconstruction of a less extensive tibial wound (4 × 3 to 10 × 4 cm) in the distal third of the leg after orthopedic trauma with the laterally extended medial hemisoleus flap. The flap was elevated with emphasis on the preservation of the most distal perforators from the posterior tibial vessels to the flap as possible while allowing adequate rotation of the flap to cover the exposed tibia and/or hardware and on the possible preservation of foot planter flexion by reconstruction of the proximal Achilles’ tendon. In this series, there was no total or partial flap loss. All patients healed their tibial wounds primarily with reliable soft-tissue coverage, evidenced fracture healing, and good cosmetic outcome during follow-up. Thus, the laterally extended medial hemisoleus flap described by the author can be a reliable option for soft-tissue coverage of a less extensive tibial wound in the distal third of the leg. It offers a more cost-effective approach for managing this unique problem and can be performed by most reconstructive surgeons without microsurgical expertise.     

Analysis thrombolysis with anticoagulation treatment for early stage of deep vein thrombosis in the lower extremities

Objective:To explore the effect of thrombolysis with anticoagulation treatment forearly stage of deep vein thrombosis of lower extremity.Methods:The clinical data of 10 patients at the early stage of deep vein thrombosis(DVT)in the lower extremuites treated by thrombolysis with anticoagulation and dispersion drugs were analyzed retrospectively.Results:The thrombolytic effect was significant.After treatment,the deep veins were recanalized without regurgitation in 75.3% of the patients.The total effective rate was 100%.Only three patients had hemorrhagic complication,but none of the patients died.Conclusion:Thrombolysis with anticoagulation treatment is an effective and safe method for DVT at the early stage.     

Severe hypokalemia in thyrotoxic periodic paralysis

Thyrotoxic hypokalemic periodic paralysis is an uncommon but sometimes fatal disease in which early recognition and therapy may prevent untoward complications. The case of a 26-year-old Chinese man who presented to the emergency department with rapidly progressive profound weakness and severe hypokalemia (serum potassium, 1.2 mEq/L) is presented. The patient required endotracheal intubation, ventilatory assistance, and intravenous potassium administration. Emergency medical evaluation and management of this entity are discussed.     

北京市1989～2002年疫苗相关麻痹型脊髓灰质炎病例的监测

北京市急性弛缓性麻痹 (AFP)病例监测系统 1989～ 2 0 0 2年共诊断疫苗相关麻痹型脊髓灰质炎 (脊灰 )(VAPP) 2 0例 ,其中首次服苗VAPP 18例 ,接触服苗VAPP 2例。所有病例均 <2岁 ,<6月龄病例占 85 %。男女发病之比为 9∶1。每年VAPP发生率无明显季节性高峰和地区差异。VAPP总发生率为 1 2 0 / 10 0万剂口服脊灰减毒活疫苗 (OPV)投放量或 1 5 9/ 10 0万剂OPV接种量 ,首次服苗VAPP发生率为 13 18/ 10 0万剂首次服苗量 ,接触服苗VAPP发生率为 0 16 / 10 0万剂OPV接种量。监测结果表明 ,北京市VAPP发生的危险性高于中国其它省份和其它许多国家与地区 ;免疫缺陷和 /或肛门周围脓肿可能是VAPP重要的危险因素。在中国当前尚未改变脊灰疫苗免疫策略的情况下 ,为减少和避免VAPP的发生 ,必须加强接种前儿童病史询问和体检 ,严格掌握接种禁忌证 ;同时要加强对VAPP的监测工作。     

REM sleep behavior disorder and vocal cord paralysis in Machado-Joseph disease.

We evaluated the occurrence of REM sleep behaviour disorder (RBD) and vocal cord abductor paralysis (VCAP) in a group of 9 Machado-Joseph disease (MJD) patients. RBD was diagnosed by clinical history plus audiovisual polysomnography in 4 men and 1 woman (55%). While dreaming, 4 fell out of the bed and the other injured his arms. Laryngoscopy detected bilateral VCAP in 1 patient with stridor who required emergency tracheotomy, and partial vocal cord abductor restriction in 2. RBD and VCAP are two potentially injurious conditions that should be considered part of the clinical spectrum of MJD.     

腮腺外面神经颊支的应用解剖研究

目的:观测面神经颊支出腮腺后的各级分支,为相关外科手术提供解剖学依据。方法:10例(20侧)防腐人头标本,描述面神经颊支出腮腺后的走行、定位及层次。结果:面神经颊支出腮腺后分为2～4支,均走行在SMAS筋膜下;颊Ⅰ、颊Ⅱ恒定出现,其一级分支距腮腺导管分别为(1.1±0.5)cm及(0.5±0.3)cm,且分别向前走行(1.3±0.9)cm及(1.8±0.5)cm后发出二级分支。结论:面神经颊支较为恒定,在面瘫治疗中健侧面神经颊支的二级分支可以作为受体神经,可不损伤面神经颊支主干。面神经颊支的分布及走行也可指导除皱术、扩张器植入、瘢痕切除等手术的剥离范围,不致产生并发症。     

机械通气致下呼吸道黄杆菌感染的临床分析

目的:探讨黄杆菌属致下呼吸道感染的临床特点及对常用抗生素的耐药情况。方法:分析我院六年来机械通气致下呼吸道黄杆菌感染的11例临床资料,平板稀释法测定常用抗菌药物对该菌株的最低抑菌浓度,采用法国生物梅里埃公司API系统进行细菌学鉴定,以美国国家实验室标准化委员会NCCLS的标准判定结果。结果:全部应用广谱抗生素,年龄>60岁者8例,机械通气到发生黄杆菌感染的平均时间为18天,死亡4例;耐药率高,仅对头孢哌酮/舒巴坦、复方磺胺甲恶唑、哌拉西林、左氧氟沙星等较敏感。结论:机械通气致下呼吸道黄杆菌感染常发生在基础状态较差,机械通气时间较长,且长期应用广谱抗生素的老年患者,临床表现常无特征性,细菌耐药严重,病死率高     

Cross-face nerve grafting in facial paralysis —A long-term follow-up

Summary The long term results of 21 cases of cross-face nerve grafting are presented and analyzed to evaluate the value of the procedure. The follow-up period extended beyond 3 years in all cases as the final assessment of the facial reanimation is only possible after a very long time interval. A satisfactory or good reanimation of the face occurred in 80% of the patients. In well defined cases the procedure may be considered a valuable tool in the rehabilitation of the paralyzed face.     

Technetium-99m sestamibi scintigraphy for the assessment of lower extremity ischaemia in peripheral arterial disease

Technetium-99m sestamibi was used for functional investigation of the muscle perfusion of lower extremities in 35 patients with peripheral vascular disease. The aim was to test what useful information could be obtained by additional imaging of the legs in patients referred for risk stratification with dipyridamole myocardial scanning. Posterior images were acquired over the thighs and calves after postocclusive reactive hyperaemia and at rest. Inter- and intraextremity ratios and differences between the stress and rest data were used for the assessment of abnormal circulation. Arteriography was performed in every case, and surgical procedures or transluminal angioplasty in 31 patients. To estimate diagnostic accuracy, the results of^99mTc-sestamibi scintigraphy were compared with those of angiography and the functional consequences of revascularization procedures. The sensitivity and specificity of^99mTc-sestamibi scintigraphy were 55% and 25%, respectively, with an overall accuracy of 50%. Apparently methodological error was not responsible for these poor results. Instead, a paradoxically high uptake of the radiopharmaceutical in muscles supplied by significantly stenosed vessels was identified as the main source of both false-negative and false-positive results. This phenomenon resembles the findings of a previous study involving delayed administration of thallium-201 after exercise. In conclusion,^99mTc-sestamibi scintigraphy has not proved sufficiently reliable to help in the management strategy for patients with peripheral vascular disease.