Down‐regulation of KIAA1199/CEMIP by miR‐216a suppresses tumor invasion and metastasis in colorectal cancer

Colorectal cancer is one of the major causes of death from cancer. Metastasis is the leading cause of treatment failure, in which cancer stem cells and circulating tumor cells play crucial roles. Identifying the involved metastatic biomarkers and clarifying the regulation mechanisms are of great importance for targeting tumor metastasis. In the current research, we discovered that KIAA1199, a cell‐migration inducing protein, showed higher expression in CD44+ cancer cells from metastatic compared with the paired primary tissues, and was upregulated in colorectal cancer and positively correlated with numbers and mesenchymal phenotype of circulating tumor cells, and predicted shorter progress‐free survival. Moreover, we indicated that down‐regulation of KIAA1199 suppressed migration and invasion of colorectal cancer cells in vitro, and inhibited metastasis in vivo. Furthermore, we demonstrated that KIAA1199 was one of the direct and functional targets of miR‐216a, and miR‐216a overexpression led to decreased migration and invasion of colorectal cancer cells in vitro, and inhibited metastasis in vivo. Collectively, KIAA1199 plays a critical role in maintaining an aggressive phenotype of tumor cells, and suppression of KIAA1199‐related motilities of tumor cells contributes to reduced tumor metastasis in colorectal cancer.     

三阴性乳腺癌内脏转移与KIAA1522蛋白表达的相关性

目的 分析三阴性乳腺癌（TNBC）内脏转移与KIAA1522蛋白表达的关系。方法 选取2011年3月至2015年12月于唐山市人民医院就诊的TNBC患者119例,按是否发生内脏转移分为转移组（73例）和非转移组（46例）,采用免疫组织化学方法检测KIAA1522蛋白在癌组织及癌旁组织中的表达,分析其在转移组和非转移组中表达的差异,通过单因素分析各因素（年龄、肿瘤直径、淋巴结转移、组织学分级以及KIAA1522蛋白表达）对TNBC内脏转移的影响,进一步采用logistic多因素回归分析检验TNBC内脏转移的影响因素。结果 KIAA1522蛋白在TNBC组织的阳性表达率为73.11%（87/119）,高于癌旁组织的阳性表达率,差异有统计学意义（P < 0.05）;单因素结果显示TNBC的淋巴结转移、组织学分级、KIAA1522蛋白表达是TNBC内脏转移的可能影响因素,将这些可能影响因素纳入多因素logistic回归分析,结果提示淋巴结转移（P=0.009）、组织学分级（P=0.011）及KIAA1522蛋白阳性表达（P=0.021）均是TNBC内脏转移的危险因素。结论 KIAA1522蛋白的高表达是TNBC患者内脏转移的高危因素之一。     

Expression and chromosomal localization of KIAA0369, a putative kinase structurally related to Doublecortin

Neuropathy in vertebrates can be a consequence of failure of genes involved in the nervous system to be expressed at the correct times and levels during embryonic life. Recently, a brain specific gene, Doublecortin, was cloned and was shown to have mutations in X-linked lissencephaly and double cortex syndrome. KIAA0369 is a putative kinase that is structurally related to Doublecortin. We compared the expression of KIAA0369 with that of Doublecortin, both of which were expressed specifically or predominantly in fetal brain among 20 different tissues examined. The deduced products of both genes contain a unique domain (the Doublecortin [DC] domain), but KIAA0369 also contains a calmodulin-dependent kinase (CaM kinase)-like domain following the DC domain. We found at least four splicing variants of KIAA0369: KIAA0369-AS (type A, short version), KIAA0369-AL (type A, long version), KIAA0369-BS (type B, short version), and KIAA0369-BL (type B, long version). KIAA0369-B, which lacked the DC domain and maintained the kinase domain, was expressed in adult as well as fetal brain, but the variants that included the DC domain, KIAA0369-A, were expressed predominantly in fetal brain. These results suggest that the DC domain plays an important role in the development of the nervous system. In the adult brain, KIAA0369 was expressed in all 15 different regions examined, more intensely in cerebral cortex, occipital pole, frontal lobe, amygdala, and hippocampus, and less intensely in corpus callosum and thalamus. The murine homologs of Doublecortin and KIAA0369 were not detectable in 7-day mouse embryos, but both genes were expressed extensively in 11-day embryos. Human KIAA0369 was mapped by fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) to chromosome 13q13–q14.1. The presence of genes related to neuropathy has been reported in this locus. Received: February 23, 1998 / Accepted: April 14, 1998     

Haplotypes Encompassing the KIAA0391 and PSMA6 Gene Cluster Confer a Genetic Link for Myocardial Infarction and Coronary Artery Disease

The role of the KIAA0391 and PSMA6 genes in predisposing individuals to disease is still not fully understood. We evaluated by molecular beacon-based genotyping assays the roles of five single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the chromosomal region 14q13.2 harbouring the KIAA0391 and PSMA6 gene cluster in coronary artery disease (CAD) in the Saudi population. Two of the studied SNPs rs8008319 (denoted as 1) and rs7157492 (2), reside in the KIAA0391 locus, two others rs1048990 (3) and rs12878391 (4) are components of the PSMA6 , while rs4981283 (5) resides downstream of both genes. In a study involving 1071 patients and 929 controls, none of the studied SNPs showed significant association with CAD. In contrast, two haplotypes consisting of 1A-2G-3C-4A-5A [O.R.(95% C.I.) = 1.49(0.95–2.35); p = 0.022] and 1A-2G-3G-4A-5A [2.24(0.84–5.98); p = 0.031] conferred risk for both CAD and myocardial infarction (MI) in a five-SNP locus model, while another comprising 1A-2G-3C-4A-5G [2.24(0.84–5.98); p = 0.079] showed a borderline association. One haplotype consisting of 1T-2G-3C-4G-5A [0.79(0.59–1.05); p = 0.015] exhibited protective properties and another, 1T-2G-3C-4A-5G [0.20(0.03–139); p = 0.073], showed a similar but weaker trend. Our study identified haplotypes in the chromosomal region encompassing the KIAA0391 and PSMA6 genes as a possible genetic link between CAD and MI. These results also suggest that haplotypes may be more informative than individual SNPs in identifying risk factors for disease.     

shRNA干扰A549细胞KIAA0101基因表达的初步研究

目的探讨小发卡RNA(small hairpin RNA,shRNA)真核表达质粒介导的RNA干扰技术对人肺腺癌A549细胞KIAA0101基因表达的抑制作用。方法应用pSIREN-RetroQ载体构建KIAA0101基因shRNA重组质粒,经脂质体法导入A549细胞,分别设置为空白对照组、阴性对照组、干扰A组和干扰B组,采用实时定量PCR法和免疫印迹(Western blot)法检测检测转染后细胞KIAA0101基因mRNA与表达蛋白质的变化,四唑盐(MTT)比色法测定各组干扰细胞活性。结果成功构建KIAA0101基因shRNA重组质粒,相对阴性对照组与空白对照组,干扰B组KIAA0101的mRNA与蛋白质表达水平均下降达70%(P≤0.05)以上,MTT法结果显示降低KIAA0101的表达可抑制肺癌细胞的生长活性。结论shRNA干扰质粒可以显著降低细胞内KIAA0101mRNA与蛋白质的表达水平,并且抑制癌细胞的生长活性,为该基因在肺癌中的深入研究奠定了基础。     

KIAA0280的亚细胞定位及在缺血脑组织中的表达

目的观察大鼠急性局灶性脑缺血时缺血组织与非缺血组织中KIAA0280蛋白的表达及亚细胞定位。方法应用免疫组织化学法测定KIAA0280在大鼠急性脑缺血后在缺血与非缺血区表达的差异,利用激光共聚焦扫描显微镜检测KIAA0280的亚细胞定位。结果免疫组织化学结果证实了KIAA0280在大鼠急性局灶性脑缺血后表达的差异,激光共聚焦扫描显微镜证实KIAA0280在大鼠皮层细胞。胶质细胞胞浆和细胞膜上均出现表达。KIAA0280在脑缺血后明显上调表达。结论KIAA0280与蛋白质合成和信号传递有密切关系,为新的脑缺血相关蛋白质,对其功能深入研究将对诊断和治疗脑缺血缺氧疾病奠定基础。     

阅读障碍易感基因KIAA0319和DCDC2遗传学研究进展

儿童发展性阅读障碍(DD)是一种病因复杂的多基因遗传病,受多个遗传基因的控制,而且基因间也存在交互作用,近年来随着发展性阅读障碍的遗传行为学研究,多个易感基因逐步被识别。本文主要围绕6号染色体,对发展性阅读障碍常见的候选基因DCDC2、KIAA0319及两者间的交互作用进行综述,为从“基因-大脑-行为”方面探究发展性阅读障碍的机制提供依据。     

Frequent BRAF Gain in Low‐Grade Diffuse Gliomas with 1p/19q Loss

Chromosomal 7q34 duplication and BRAF‐KIAA1549 fusion is a characteristic genetic alteration in pilocytic astrocytomas. 7q34 gain appears to be common in diffuse astrocytomas, but its significance is unclear. We assessed BRAF gain and BRAF mutations in 123 low‐grade diffuse gliomas, including 55 diffuse astrocytomas, 18 oligoastrocytomas and 50 oligodendrogliomas. Quantitative polymerase chain reaction (PCR) revealed BRAF gain in 17/50 (34%) oligodendrogliomas, a significantly higher frequency than in diffuse astrocytomas (7/55; 13%; P = 0.0112). BRAF gain was common in low‐grade diffuse gliomas with 1p/19q loss (39%) and those lacking any of the genetic alterations analyzed (31%), but was rare in those with TP53 mutations (2%). Logistic regression analysis showed a significant positive association between 1p/19q loss and BRAF gain (P = 0.0032) and a significant negative association between TP53 mutations and BRAF gain (P = 0.0042). Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) analysis of 26 low‐grade diffuse gliomas with BRAF gain additionally revealed BRAF‐KIAA1549 fusion in one oligodendroglioma. Sequencing of cDNA in 17 low‐grade diffuse gliomas showed BRAF‐KIAA1549 fusion in another oligodendroglioma. A BRAF^V600E mutation was also detected in one oligodendroglioma, and a BRAF^A598V in one diffuse astrocytoma. These results suggest that low‐grade diffuse gliomas with 1p/19q loss have frequent BRAF gains, and a small fraction of oligodendrogliomas may show BRAF‐KIAA1549 fusion.