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51.
Michael S. Exton Diane F. Bull Maurice G. King Alan J. Husband 《Pharmacology, biochemistry, and behavior》1995,50(4):675-679
The cascade of physiologic mechanisms in response to infection, the acute-phase response, is recognized as playing a major role in host defence. One such response is the hypoferremia that is consistently reported to occur during bacterial infection. This study aimed to determine whether the alterations in plasma iron were conditionable using the conditioned taste aversion (CTA) paradigm. The regime involved the pairing of a novel-tasting saccharin solution with bacterial endotoxin. Seven days after the initial pairing of these stimuli (the test day), the saccharin solution was represented. Animals exposed to this condition displayed a significant reduction in the level of plasma iron. Animals treated with an intraperitoneal dose of 400 μg/Kg lipopolysaccharide (LPS) displayed lower conditioned iron levels than rats infused with 100 μg/Kg LPS; however, this difference was not significant. These results showed that in addition to other acute-phase responses (fever and anorexia), plasma iron alterations are able to be manipulated through behavioral manipulations. 相似文献
52.
The influence of anaesthetic techniques and type of delivery on peripartum serum interleukin-6 concentrations 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
R. F. DE JONGH E. P. BOSMANS M. J. PUYLAERT W. U. OMBELET H. J. VANDEPUT R. A. BERGHMANS M. MAES R. J. HEYLEN 《Acta anaesthesiologica Scandinavica》1997,41(7):853-860
Background: Interleukin-6 is a pleiotropic cytokine with a wide range of physiological activities. It plays an important role in the immuno-neuro-humoral axis during stress and surgery.
Methods: Serum interleukin-6 in parturients was measured on hospital admission, immediately after birth and 12 and 24 hours later. All parturients had uncomplicated pregnancies, and delivered vaginally without (n=31) or with (n=20) epidural analgesia, or underwent Caesarean section under epidural (n=20) or general (n=10) anaesthesia.
Results: Serum interleukin-6 assayed immediately following Caesarean section was low, but peaked 12 hours later, irrespective of the anaesthetic technique or other foetomaternal characteristics. Patients who delivered vaginally showed the highest interleukin-6 levels immediately after delivery. These were positively correlated with serum interleukin-6 on admission and duration of labour. Serum interleukin-6 was significantly higher in parturients who had epidural analgesia, and was significantly lower in those receiving intravaginal prostaglandins compared to those without prostaglandins.
Conclusion: The interleukin-6 response after Caesarean section can be explained by a generalized acute phase response to surgery, with no anaesthetic, maternal or neonatal interference. The rapid increase in peripartum serum interleukin-6 levels after vaginal delivery reflects, in part, cervical ripening or labour, their physiological triggers and psychological or physical stress. Regional anaesthesia, duration of labour and exogenous prostaglandin administration can modulate the peripartum interleukin-6 response and subsequently the physiological effects of this cytokine. 相似文献
Methods: Serum interleukin-6 in parturients was measured on hospital admission, immediately after birth and 12 and 24 hours later. All parturients had uncomplicated pregnancies, and delivered vaginally without (n=31) or with (n=20) epidural analgesia, or underwent Caesarean section under epidural (n=20) or general (n=10) anaesthesia.
Results: Serum interleukin-6 assayed immediately following Caesarean section was low, but peaked 12 hours later, irrespective of the anaesthetic technique or other foetomaternal characteristics. Patients who delivered vaginally showed the highest interleukin-6 levels immediately after delivery. These were positively correlated with serum interleukin-6 on admission and duration of labour. Serum interleukin-6 was significantly higher in parturients who had epidural analgesia, and was significantly lower in those receiving intravaginal prostaglandins compared to those without prostaglandins.
Conclusion: The interleukin-6 response after Caesarean section can be explained by a generalized acute phase response to surgery, with no anaesthetic, maternal or neonatal interference. The rapid increase in peripartum serum interleukin-6 levels after vaginal delivery reflects, in part, cervical ripening or labour, their physiological triggers and psychological or physical stress. Regional anaesthesia, duration of labour and exogenous prostaglandin administration can modulate the peripartum interleukin-6 response and subsequently the physiological effects of this cytokine. 相似文献
53.
本实验采用单细胞外记录神经元单位放电的方法,在Wistar大鼠上观察到网状巨细胞核。一区伤害性神经元57个,其中伤害兴奋性神经元(NEN)42个,伤害抑制性神经元(NIN)15个。电刺激黑质对NEN(29)和NIN(8的放电呈抑制作用,其反应百分率分别由刺激黑质第1分钟时的1.0±2.1%和-20.4±6.2%,降到第5分钟时的-83.6±12.3%和-65.4±10.7%(P<0.01)。刺激黑质对少数NEN(13)和NIN(7)的放电有兴奋作用,其值分别由第]分钟时的20.5±7.3%和1.0±3.4%,升高到第5分钟时的74.5±10.7%和21,5±8.6%(P<0.05)。氟哌啶醇注入PAG腹外侧部可阻断刺激黑质的效应,这提示从黑质到网状巨细胞核α-区存在着一条痛调制通路,而且这种通路的递质是多巴胺能的。 相似文献
54.
55.
Background: Laparoscopic stapling was found to be a viable option for attaching epimysial electrodes onto the abdominal surface of the
diaphragm. Stapling was preferable to suturing due to its simplicity and speed.
Methods: Of the two staplers tested in this study, the Ethicon Endopath was preferred over the Autosuture Endo Hernia because the
staples did not penetrate the diaphragm when an electrode tab thickness greater than 0.75 mm was used.
Results: The thickness of the electrode tab was an important factor in determining staple penetration but large variation in penetration
depth indicated that other factors may also play a role. An electrode tab thickness of 1.0–1.25 mm was suggested to minimize
the risk of diaphragm perforation.
Conclusions: The histological reaction to staples implanted up to 14 months was unremarkable, reflecting the safety of laparoscopic staples
for permanently anchoring electrodes on the diaphragm.
Received: 2 April 1996/Accepted: 12 June 1996 相似文献
56.
57.
Leningrad University. (Presented by Academician of the Academy of Medical Sciences of the USSR S. N. Golikov.) Translated from Byulleten' Éksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 111, No. 5, pp. 458–460, May, 1991. 相似文献
58.
A. E. P. Villa E. M. Rouiller G. M. Simm P. Zurita Y. de Ribaupierre F. de Ribaupierre 《Experimental brain research. Experimentelle Hirnforschung. Expérimentation cérébrale》1991,86(3):506-517
Summary Single unit activity of 355 cells was recorded in the auditory thalamus of anesthetized cats before, during, and after the inactivation by cooling of the ipsilateral primary auditory cortex (AI). Most of the units (n = 288) showed similar functional characteristics of firing before and after the cryogenic blockade of AI. The spontaneous firing rate remained unchanged by cooling in 20% of the units and decreased in the majority of them (60%). In some regions, i.e. dorsal division of the medial geniculate body (MGB), lateral part of the posterior group of the thalamus, and auditory sector of the reticular nucleus of the thalamus, the maximum firing rate evoked by white noise bursts was generally affected by cooling in the same direction and to the same extent as the spontaneous activity. Units in the ventral division of MGB showed a characteristic increase of signal-to-noise ratio during cortical cooling. The corticofugal modulation led to the appearance or disappearance of the best frequency of tuning in 51 units and changed it by more than 0.5 octave in 34 units. The bandwidths of different response patterns to pure tones stimulation were used to define a set of functional properties. During cryogenic blockade of AI, two cortically modulated sub-populations of units were usually distinguished that exhibited changes for a given functional property. The complexity and diversity of the effects of cortical inactivation suggest that the corticothalamic projection may be the support for selective operations such as an adaptive filtering of the incoming acoustic signal at the thalamic level adjusted as a function of cortical activity. 相似文献
59.
青黛颗粒抗炎、镇痛作用的实验研究 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
目的 :通过对青黛颗粒抗炎、镇痛作用的实验研究 ,探讨该药治疗溃疡性结肠炎的作用机理。方法 :采用小鼠醋酸扭体法、大鼠棉球肉芽肿法和角叉菜胶所致大鼠足肿胀方法。结果 :青黛颗粒给药高、中、低剂量组和阳性对照药组均明显降低小鼠扭体次数 (P<0 .0 5~P<0 .0 1)。对大鼠棉球肉芽肿和大鼠足肿胀有显著的抑制作用 (P <0 .0 1~P <0 .0 0 1)。结论 :青黛颗粒分别对大鼠具有抗炎、对小鼠具有镇痛作用。且镇痛作用呈量效关系 相似文献
60.
A. Parthasarathy N. Sumathi R. Manoharan C. D. Natarajan R. Narmada B. R. Santhanakrishnan 《Indian journal of pediatrics》1987,54(5):779-784
Tuberculous infection among children continues to be a significant cause of morbidity. The symptom complex are so variable
among children that the final diagnosis often rests on the laboratory tests. Proper interpretation of the tests, specially
tuberculin test and radiographic studies, are necessary for establishing correct diagnosis. The usefulness of tuberculin test
in both unimmunized and BCG vaccinated children is highlighted. BCG accelerated response as a test should be reserved for
identifying serious form of pulmonary disease or CNS tuberculosis when the tuberculin test is negative. Radiographic assessment
may be sensitive in some instances but not always specific and hence needs cautious interpretation. Tuberculosis among BCG
vaccinated children though not uncommon, needs proper documentation. Current trends in the management of tuberculosis including
CNS forms are briefly outlined. 相似文献