胰胆管连接异常动物模型的胰型淀粉酶同工酶分析

目的 观察胰胆管连接异常(PBM)模型血清和胆汁胰型淀粉酶同工酶的变化。方法 采用十二指肠—胆囊吻合术建立猪PBM模型(n=4)，收集手术前、手术后7d、14d、30d、60d血清及胆汁；采用胰管结扎法建立猪急性胰腺炎模型(n=2)，取血清。应用不连续缓冲系统薄膜电泳法行酶谱分析。结果 IBM模型在实验第60d时的总胆管无明显扩张。术前血清中胰型淀粉酶同工酶仅出现P1、P2波峰；7d后出现异常的P3、P4、P5、P6波峰，无优势波峰。术后14d、30d、60d的血清胰型淀粉酶同工酶出现率与术后7d时相似，而P6略多见；术后血清胰型淀粉酶同工酶出现率和构成比与胆汁相似。急性胰腺炎组仅出现P1—P3波峰。结论 PBM动物模型的血清和胆汁中均存在异常的胰型淀粉酶同工酶，该异常与急性胰腺炎不同，具有特异性。     

血清甘氨酰脯氨酸二肽氨基肽酶同工酶对原发性肝癌的诊断价值

目的研究血清甘氨酰脯氨酸二肽氨基肽酶（grycylprolinedipeptidylaminopeptidase,GPDA）同工酶对PHC的诊断价值,提高早期PHC和AFP阴性PHC诊断水平。方法采用阶段梯度垂直平板聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳法进行血清GPDA同工酶分离检测,同步测定比较PHC患者血清GPDA同工酶与GPDA总活性（TGPDA）、AFP、肿瘤大小及ALT的关系。结果血清GPDA按其泳动速度可分为快带（GPDA-F）与慢带（GPDA-S）两种同工酶。PHC患者血清GPDA-F的阳性率为85.3%,而肝外肿瘤、转移性肝癌、肝炎后肝硬化、慢性肝炎中阳性率均较低,正常对照组以及良性肝占位全部阴性。GPDA-F阳性率在TGPDA活性增高组明显高于正常组（94.4%对75.0%）,GPDA-F与AFP及肿瘤大小无关系。良性肝病ALT升高组GPDA-F阳性率高于ALT正常组,而PHC患者GPDA-F与ALT无关。PHC患者GPDA-F呈持续阳性,良性肝病患者GPDA-F常为一过性阳性。结论GPDA-F为一新的PHC血清标志物,有助于PHC的定性诊断,尤其对早期PHC及AFP阴性PHC的诊断具有重要价值。     

板蓝根空间诱变初步效应

为探明飞船搭载板蓝根发生的变异,辅助选育高产优质新品种。本试验采用薄层色谱法鉴别,在精氨酸溶液相应的位置上,搭载与未搭载样品之间都显相同颜色的斑点;同工酶电泳结果显示样品之间的酯酶同工酶酶带存在差异,而过氧化物同工酶除了酶染色程度有所不同外,在酶带数目上没有变化。折干率、浸出物含量的测定结果显示样品之间存在差异。初步研究结果表明搭载板蓝根发生了遗传变异,但性状不够稳定,有必要做进一步研究。     

急性心肌梗死60天内死亡预后多因素生存分析

目的 探讨急性心肌梗死患者60 d内死亡的预后因素以利早期识别预防。 方法 回顾性收集2009年5月－2010年7月收治的诊断为急性心肌梗死的患者资料，提取包括性别、年龄、院前时间、酶学指标、心电图、合并症、是否溶栓、溶栓时间及死亡时间等信息，以发病后60 d为观察终点，将所有患者分为存活组和死亡组，并采用SPSS 18.0软件进行多因素Cox生存分析。 结果 患者资料共71例，因1例数据缺损纳入分析70例；经分析患者年龄（RR=1.166，P=0.023）和磷酸肌酸激酶同工酶（RR=1.001，P=0.004）是早期死亡预后因素。 结论 患者的年龄对急性心肌梗死的早期死亡有预测价值，需要更多关注高龄急性心肌梗死患者；检测心肌酶学，特别是磷酸肌酸激酶同工酶对于其早期死亡的预测有意义；而其他指标可能因存在研究的局限性而需要进一步探索。     

RR-B系剑尾鱼LDH和GDH同工酶的分析

目的　分析RR B系剑尾鱼第 2 0代个体的LDH和GDH两种同工酶 ,检验其遗传均一性。方法　应用聚丙烯酰胺凝胶垂直板电泳 ,分析剑尾鱼眼球、脑、肝脏、肌肉、心脏等部位的乳酸脱氢酶 (LDH)和葡萄糖脱氢酶(GDH) ,并以同工酶谱最具代表性的组织对不同个体的RR B系和非选育剑尾鱼进行分析和比较。结果　RR B系剑尾鱼不同个体的乳酸脱氢酶酶谱和葡萄糖脱氢酶酶谱是一致的 ,非选育剑尾鱼的乳酸脱氢酶酶谱和葡萄糖脱氢酶酶谱存在多态性。结论　RR B系剑尾鱼有较好的遗传均一性。     

血清脑型磷酸肌酸激酶同工酶在脑损伤疾病中的应用价值

目的,探讨颅脑损伤疾病时血清脑型肌酸激酶同工酶(CK—BB)的活性变化,以了解CK—BB对脑损伤疾病的检测价值。方法 新生儿缺氧缺血性脑病患儿于出生后1～3d、急性颅脑损伤患者于伤后第1、3、7d分别检测血清Ck—BB 活性,并设有健康对照组。结果 中、重度HIE患儿血清CK—BB与正常新生儿相比有明显升高;急性颅脑损伤患者血清 CK—BB在伤后很快升高,且与伤情成正比。CK—BB活性迅速下降者,治疗有效,预后良好;CK—BB活力持续升高者,预后 差,常有并发症出现。结论 血清CK—BB是量化评价脑受损的一种特异生化指标。动态监测CK—BB活性,对判断脑缺氧 或脑损伤程度、以及判断疗效、评估预后均有重要价值。     

Multiple forms of alkaline phosphatases in human liver tissue

Alkaline phosphatases (AP) extracted in the presence of n-butanol from human liver are separated by affinity chromatography on phenylsepharose Cl-4B into two fractions named APII and APIIII. By repeated chromatography, APII was purified to a single enzyme entity with a specific activity of 1,684 kU/g protein. APIIII was purified to a specific activity of 535 kU/g protein. It consisted of only APIIII enzyme activity, but still contained gamma-glutamyltransferase activity. These two forms of AP are different in chromatographic and electrophoretic behaviour, APIIII being a larger molecule than APII. APII and APIIII are very similar in enzyme kinetic behavior, such as substrate activity, thermolability and sensitivity to different inhibitors. It is concluded from these experiments that multiple forms of AP in liver bear identical active centres, the difference is due to a modification of protein residue. It is possible that both are modified forms of one enzyme. Both are different from the AP isoenzyme that appears in serum in cholestatic patients.     

Evaluation of the Biological Efficiency of Silver Nanoparticles Biosynthesized Using Croton tiglium L. Seeds Extract against Azoxymethane Induced Colon Cancer in Rats

Background: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is considered as the most common type of gastrointestinal cancers. Chemotherapy became limited due to the adverse side effects. Therefore, the most effective Croton tiglium extract was selected to be incorporated by silver nanoparticles (Ag-NPs) then evaluated against colon cancer induced by azoxymethane (AOM) in rats. Methods: Different hematological and biochemical measurements were quantified in addition to markers of oxidative stress. Specific tumor and inflammatory markers were assayed. Colonic tissues were examined histopathologically in addition to immunohistochemistry (IHC). Native proteins and isoenzymes patterns were electrophoretically assayed beside expression of Tumor Protein P53 (TP53) and Adenomatous Polyposis Coli (APC) genes in colonic tissues. Results: It was found that AOM caused significant (P≤0.05) elevation in the hematological and biochemical measurements. C. tiglium nano-extract restored these measurements to normalcy. Tumor and inflammatory markers elevated significantly (P≤0.05) in sera of AOM induced colon cancer group in addition to increasing peroxidation products with decline in antioxidant enzymes activities in colon tissues. Nano-extract restored these measurements to normalcy in post-treated group. Histopathological study revealed that nano-extract minimized severity of inflammatory reactions in all nano-extract treated groups and prevented  anti-Keratin 20 antibody expression in post-treated group. The lowest similarity index (SI%) values were noticed with electrophoretic protein (SI=71.43%), lipid (SI=0.00%) and calcium (SI=75.00%) moieties of protein patterns, catalase (SI=85.71%), peroxidase (SI=85.71%), α-esterase (SI=50.00%) and β-esterase (SI=50.00%) isoenzymes in colon cancer group. Furthermore, AOM altered the relative quantities of total native bands. The nano-extract prevented the alterations that occurred qualitatively in nano-extract post-treated group and quantitatively in all nano-extract treated groups. Levels of TP53 and APC gene expression increased in AOM injected group and nano-extract restored their levels to normalcy in the post-treated group. Conclusion: C. tiglium nano-extract exhibited ameliorative effect against the biochemical and molecular alterations induced by AOM in nano-extract post-treated group.     

一氧化氮合成酶在周围神经的表达

目的 研究一氧化氮合成酶（ｎｉｔｒｉｃ ｏｘｉｄｅ ｓｙｎｔｈａｓｅ,ＮＯＳ）的三种同工酶在大鼠坐骨神经中的表达和分布情况。方法 取１０只ＳＤ大鼠双侧正常坐骨神经,一侧用于Ｗｅｓｔｅｒｎ印迹检查,另外一侧用于免疫组化检查。结果 Ｗｅｓｔｅｒｎ印迹法中,用神经元型一氧化氮合成酶（ｎｅｕｒｏｎａｌ ＮＯＳ,ｎＮＯＳ）单抗和内皮细胞型一氧化氮合成酶（ｅｎｄｏｔｈｅｌｉａｌ ＮＯＳ,ｅＮＯＳ）单抗,分别发     

磷砷四氯化碳对大鼠肝切片乳酸脱氢酶同功酶影响的研究

利用肝切片技术探讨P_4、NaAsO_2、CCl_4染毒大鼠肝切片及培养液中LDH同功酶的剂量效应关系。研究表明P_4、CCl_4 染毒组LDH_5 泄漏存在剂量效应关系;介质中LDH_5和LDH活性升高比ALT明显,LDH_5和LDH升高不伴随切片匀浆酶活性下降与毒物对酶的直接作用无关;LDH_5似乎较其它组分更易泄漏。NaAsO_2染毒组肝切片匀浆及培养液LDH同功酶无明显变化,介质中LDH活性升高较ALT明显。