Stem cell therapy in necrotizing enterocolitis: Current state and future directions

Stem cell therapy is a promising treatment modality for necrotizing enterocolitis. Among the many promising stem cells identified to date, it is likely that mesenchymal stem cells will be the most useful and practical cell-based therapies for this condition. Using acellular components such as exosomes or other paracrine mediators are promising as well. Multiple mechanisms are likely at play in the positive effects provided by these cells, and further research is underway to further elucidate these effects.     

Is ocular vascularity affected in young migraine patients? A pilot study

ObjectiveThis study aimed to evaluate ocular vascularity in young adult migraine patients with visual aura and without visual aura.Material and MethodsThe study included 30 patients with migraine with visual aura (MWVA), 30 patients with migraine without visual aura (MWOVA), and 30 healthy control subjects, all between ages ≥18 and <45. Migraine patients were applied Headache Impact Test (HIT) and Migraine Disability Assessment Scale (MIDAS). Retinal nerve fiber layer thickness and ocular vascularity of all participants were evaluated with optical coherence tomography (OCT) and OCT angiography (OCTA).ResultsThe MWVA group had significantly lower superficial and deep foveal vascular density values compared to the control group (p = 0.039, p = 0.028, respectively). The foveal avascular zone was significantly enlarged in the MWVA group compared to the control group (p = 0.033). MWVA patients had significantly lower whole optic disc, optic disc inside, peripapillary, superior hemisphere, inferior hemisphere, superior quadrant, and temporal quadrant vascular density values compared to the control group (p < 0.05 all), while there was no significant difference in the nasal quadrant (p = 0.083). Migraine attack frequency, MIDAS, and HIT were negatively correlated with ocular vascular density values.ConclusionThe results of our study indicate that young adult patients with MWVA are at risk of decreased ocular vascularity and that this risk may increase with frequency and severity of migraine attacks.     

经皮冠状动脉PCI治疗术缺血修饰蛋白标志物的变化及意义

目的 研究经皮冠状动脉PCI治疗术后缺血修饰蛋白标志物的变化及意义.方法 选择接受急诊经皮冠状动脉支架术治疗的急性心肌梗死患者,按治疗后30 minMA水平分为MA升高组和MA正常组,检测治疗前后外周血TnT、CK-MB水平.结果 治疗后30 min,MA水平(0.37±0.06) ABSU、较治疗前明显升高(P＜0.05),cTnT、CK-MB水平无明显变化；治疗后6h和24 h cTnT、CK-MB水平明显升高,并且MA升高组上述心肌损伤指标明显升高,而MA正常组无明显改变.结论 缺血修饰白蛋白水平在PCI治疗后30 min内就会发生改变,是预测PCI治疗后心肌损伤的敏感指标.     

膜相关性鸟苷酸激酶与脑缺血

膜相关性鸟苷酸激酶（membrane associated guanylate kinase,MAGUK）是一类突触后致密蛋白（postsynaptic density,PSD）,定位于突触后膜的突触后致密区,包括PSD-95、SAP-102、PSD-93和SAP-97.MAGUK家族成员含有多个蛋白结合位点,这些特殊的结合位点负责介导多种信号的转导.MAGUK参与中枢神经系统疾病发生和发展机制,已成为神经科学研究的热点.文章简要综述了MAGUK在缺血性脑损伤中的作用.     

Outcomes of upper extremity interventions for chronic critical ischemia

Background

Critical hand ischemia owing to below-the-elbow atherosclerotic occlusive disease is relatively uncommon. The aim of this study was to examine the outcomes in patients presenting with critical ischemia owing to below-the-elbow arterial atherosclerotic disease who underwent nonoperative and operative management.

The calcium paradox - What should we have to fear?

The calcium paradox was first mentioned in 1966 by Zimmerman et al. Thereafter gained great interest from the scientific community due to the fact of the absence of calcium ions in heart muscle cells produce damage similar to ischemia-reperfusion. Although not all known mechanisms involved in cellular injury in the calcium paradox intercellular connection maintained only by nexus seems to have a key role in cellular fragmentation. The addition of small concentrations of calcium, calcium channel blockers, and hyponatraemia hypothermia are important to prevent any cellular damage during reperfusion solutions with physiological concentration of calcium.