提高卫勤指挥员卫勤组织指挥能力实践

通过参加非战争军事行动卫勤组织指挥实践,提出应根据应急卫勤保障敏感性、时效性、复杂性、艰巨性等特点,强化对卫勤指挥员快速反应,行动预判,科学训练等能力的培养,以提高非战争军事行动卫勤组织指挥能力。     

战备消毒包内细菌来源分析

[目的]探讨高原地区自然环境中战备消毒包内细菌来源.[方法]根据战备消毒包内金黄色葡萄球菌、木糖葡萄球菌、蜡样芽胞杆菌和人葡萄球菌筛选战备仓库空气同种细菌不同菌株,提取基因组DNA,以其为模板,对16SrRNA和23SrRNA的转录间隔区(internal transcribled spacer,ITS)序列进行PCR扩增,将扩增产物回收测序,结果用Blast进行比对.[结果]金黄色葡萄球菌、木糖葡萄球菌、蜡样芽胞杆菌和人葡萄球菌DNA PCR扩增产物分别在1000 bp、1100bp、850 bp、1000 bp左右显现单一特异性条带;ITS序列相似性约为99％～100％.[结论]战备消毒包内细菌来源于空气细菌.     

A review of the cluster survey sampling method in humanitarian emergencies

ABSTRACT Obtaining quality data in a timely manner from humanitarian emergencies is inherently difficult. Conditions of war, famine, population displacement, and other humanitarian disasters, cause limitations in the ability to widely survey. These limitations hold the potential to introduce fatal biases into study results. The cluster sample method is the most frequently used technique to draw a representative sample in these types of scenarios. A recent study utilizing the cluster sample method to estimate the number of excess deaths due to the invasion of Iraq has generated much controversy and confusion about this sampling technique. Although subject to certain intrinsic limitations, cluster sampling allows researchers to utilize statistical methods to draw inferences regarding entire populations when data gathering would otherwise be impossible.     

机动医疗分队应急保障若干问题思考

本文结合“卫勤使命—2009”演习和汶川特大地震医学救援实践,以机动医疗分队在非战争军事行动应急保障为主题,论述了分队功能定位、保障预案制（修）订、卫生专业技术结构、卫生物资携运、伤票伤标规范五个方面存在的主要问题,分析了问题的原因和症结,提出了解决问题的对策和措施,对加强机动医疗分队建设,完善非战争军事行动卫勤保障机制具有一定的参考价值。     

从抗震救灾看非战争军事行动卫勤保障中政治工作的实效性

参加“5．12”汶川特大地震卫勤保障,不仅考验了军医大学附属医院“应对多种安全威胁、完成多样化军事卫勤保障任务”的能力,也为做好非战争军事行动卫勤保障中的政治工作,提供了实践平台和科学借鉴。实践证明,要加强非战争军事行动卫勤保障中政治工作的实效性,就必须要认真研究和把握非战争军事行动卫勤保障中政治工作特点规律,在以统求效、以快求效、以实求效、以活求效上下功夫、见实效。     

复杂电磁环境对卫勤保障的影响

作者结合近年高技术局部战争,阐述了未来作战面临的复杂电磁环境的表现为广泛性、密集性、对抗性、动态性和可控性的基本特征,分别从卫勤指挥协同困难、医疗装备发挥效用困难两个方面,分析复杂电磁环境对卫勤保障的影响,并围绕＂战场环境＂和＂复杂电磁环境＂这两个主要制约因素,提出了复杂电磁环境下提高卫勤保障能力的对策。     

军队医院卫生战备信息系统设计

目的：基于军事地理信息系统设计军队医院卫生战备信息系统。方法：采用数据库和软件工程技术,实现系统的初始化、任务分析、分队管理、药材装备、文书管理、战备训练、平转战、信息查询和系统维护等模块功能。结果：实现了军队医院卫生战备工作管理、训练和考核的信息化与自动化,提高了军队医院相关工作的效率和水平。结论：研制的系统适应目前军队医院卫生战备建设和训练需要。     

Ethnobotany and trade of medicinal plants in the Qaysari Market, Kurdish Autonomous Region, Iraq

Aim of study

Marketplaces epitomize a region's culture and trade, and can give a rapid insight into traditions and salience of commercialized medicinal products. The Qaysari bazaar, bordering the citadel in Erbil city in the Kurdistan Autonomous Region, Iraq, has 21 herbalist shops trading natural medicinal products, wild-crafted and cultivated from all over the Middle East and Asia Minor.

Materials and methods

Freelist surveys were conducted with 18 of these herbalists to determine diversity and salience of traded traditional medicinal plants. Interviews were conducted to document use, trade volume, origin, stock and value of the reported species. Plant species were identified using a combination of morphological identification and molecular barcoding using the ITS region.

Results

Vouchers were collected for a total of 158 samples, corresponding to 82 species of plants, 5 animal products, 8 types of stones, minerals or chemicals, as well as 16 mixtures of plant products. Consensus Analysis of the herbalist interviews shows strong support for a single culture of herbalist plant use.

Conclusions

Most reported plant species are known to have been used since antiquity, and uses are identical or similar to previously documented uses. Herbalists report a steady year-on-year increase in trade due to the economic stability in recent times. A majority (64%) of medicinal plants is imported from outside Iraq, and the data shows that imported plants trade at a higher price than locally-sourced species, and that these species are stocked in higher volumes by the herbalists to ensure a steady supply to consumers. A strong tradition of herbal medicine exists in Kurdistan today exemplified by the diverse and vigorous trade in medicinal plants commercialized from the provinces around Erbil to countries as far away as India, Spain and Libya.