血清HE4水平对预测卵巢癌铂类化疗效果的临床观察

目的:探讨卵巢上皮癌患者血清中人附睾蛋白4(HE4)的水平与患者铂类化疗效果的关系。方法:回顾分析52例卵巢上皮癌患者的临床资料和随访信息,采用电化学发光法检测患者治疗前和随访时血清HE4及CA125水平,分析血清HE4及CA125水平与铂类化疗效果的关系。结果:52例患者中,31例铂类化疗敏感,21例铂类化疗抵抗。铂类化疗抵抗组患者治疗前血清HE4及CA125水平明显高于铂类化疗敏感组。治疗前血清HE4水平对卵巢癌铂类化疗疗效的预测效能高于CA125。铂类化疗抵抗组患者随访时血清HE4水平明显高于铂类化疗敏感组(276.5pmo/L vs 56.38pmo/L,P0.001)。随访时血清HE4可预测铂类化疗效果,当界值点为127.40pmo/L时,灵敏度达81%,特异度达93.5%,阳性预测值(PPV)为89.5%,阴性预测值(NPV)为87.9%,曲线下面积(AUC)为0.919。随访时血清CA125取界值点为76.4U/L时预测铂类化疗效果的灵敏度为95.2%,特异度为90.3%,PPV为85%,NPV为87.5%,AUC为0.876。随访时血清HE4预测铂类化疗效果的AUC也大于CA125。Logistic多因素回归分析结果显示,随访时血清HE4水平与发生铂类化疗抵抗密切相关(P=0.027)。结论:随访时血清HE4水平可以预测卵巢癌铂类化疗的反应。     

Evaluation of Preoperative Serum Levels of CA 125 and Expression of p53 in Ovarian Neoplasms: A Prospective Clinicopathological Study in a Tertiary Care Hospital

Objectives

To assess the preoperative serum levels of CA 125 with its diagnostic role and to evaluate the p53 expression in patients of primary ovarian neoplasms. We also wished to judge their relationship with other parameters like clinical staging and histopathologic tumor type.

Materials and Methods

The present study was conducted on 86 patients during the study period of 2.5 years. Preoperative CA 125 levels were evaluated by an automated immunoassay analyzer. p53 expression was judged immunohistochemically with pre-diluted monoclonal antibody. An objective scoring was done depending on distinct nuclear immunopositivity.

Results

Median value of preoperative CA 125 levels was 32 U/mL in benign surface epithelial-stromal tumors (BSEST), 53 U/mL in borderline surface epithelial-stromal tumors (BOT), 346 U/mL in malignant surface epithelial-stromal tumors (MSEST) and 560 U/mL in serous adenocarcinomas (SAC). Most of ovarian tumors were in the FIGO stage I (64 cases, 74.4%), but higher stages (II, III, IV) were observed mostly in MSESTs. SACs displayed the maximum p53 expression. Considering the cut-off value of more than 35 U/mL in CA 125 levels, the sensitivity to diagnose MSESTs was 94.7%. Preoperative CA 125 levels strongly and positively correlated with FIGO staging and p53 expression. Similarly p53 expression strongly and positively correlated with FIGO staging and histopathological categories.

Conclusion

Higher values of preoperative CA 125 levels and higher expression p53 are associated with MSESTs and BOTs especially of serous type. They strongly correlate with each other and with tumor stage. But there is no serum CA 125 concentration that can clearly differentiate benign and malignant ovarian masses.     

放射性125I粒子对肺癌A549细胞裸鼠移植瘤VEGF表达的影响

目的 探讨放射性125I粒子对肺癌A549细胞裸鼠移植瘤血管内皮细胞生长因子(VEGF)表达的影响.方法 建立肺癌A549细胞裸鼠移植瘤模型,将24只小鼠随机分为对照组和观察组,每组12只.观察组小鼠植入125I粒子,对照组小鼠植入空白粒子.检测裸鼠移植瘤体积、瘤重,计算抑瘤率.采用免疫组织化学法检测移植瘤组织内VEGF蛋白表达.采用PCR法检测移植瘤组织内VEGF mRNA表达.结果 观察组小鼠移植瘤体积及瘤重[(0.658±0.213) g]均明显小于对照组[(1.807±0.625) g],组间比较差异均具有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组小鼠平均抑瘤率为(68.2±5.3)%;观察组移植瘤中VEGF蛋白表达及VEGF mRNA表达分别为(22.6±5.9)、(98.7±8.2),均明显低于对照组的(58.5±6.4)、(138.7±5.2),组间比较差异均具有统计学意义(P<0.05).结论 放射性125I粒子植入可显著抑制肺癌A549细胞裸鼠移植瘤生长,抑制VEGF表达可能是其主要作用机制.     

CA-125在先兆流产、难免流产、稽留流产中的表达及其临床意义

目的：探讨先兆流产、难免流产、稽留流产患者CA-125的表达及其对预后的判断价值。方法选择2013年3月至2015年3月我院妇产科接诊保胎治疗的120例患者进行研究,根据妊娠结局分为正常对照组48例,流产观察组72例。检测两组患者的CA-125表达情况,并进行对比分析。结果流产观察组患者CA-125的表达为(56.33±11.22) kU/L,明显高于对照组的(16.18±7.88) kU/L,差异具有显著统计学意义(P<0.01);CA-125表达水平伴随着流产严重程度的增加而增高,CA-125表达水平先兆流产为(49.93±8.99) kU/L,难免流产为(52.46±9.78) kU/L,稽留流产为(62.33±10.24) kU/L,其中,先兆流产与难免流产患者,难免流产与稽留流产患者之间的CA-125表达水平比较差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05),而先兆流产与稽留流产患者CA-125表达水平比较差异则具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论先兆流产、难免流产、稽留流产患者CA-125的表达较正常妊娠妇女高,CA-125表达水平随着流产的严重程度逐渐升高,这对患者病情的诊治具有一定的指导作用。     

Approaches to the detection of ovarian cancer

Abstract

Background: Ovarian cancer (OC) represents the eighth most common cancer among women and the second most frequently diagnosed gynecological malignancy in the United States and Europe. Correct and fast referral of patients with OC is mandatory to ensure optimal treatment and to improve the prognosis of patients with OC. Approaches to detect OC may be based on a gynecological examination, an elevated serum CA125 level, a Risk of Malignancy Index (RMI) higher than 200, an elevated serum HE4 level, or other modalities such as Risk of Ovarian Malignancy Algorithm (ROMA), Risk of Ovarian Cancer Algorithm (ROCA), or Copenhagen Index (CPH-I).

Aim: To describe biomarkers that potentially improve the detection/risk estimation of OC.

Results: The ability to differentiate OC from benign and borderline ovarian tumors was analyzed using Receiver Operating Characteristics (ROC) curves resulting in Area Under the Curve (AUC) of 0.920 for CA125, 0.933 for HE4 and 0.946 for ROMA. The ROC curves of OC versus benign ovarian tumors shows that the CPH-I (AUC?=?0.959) is equivalent with RMI (AUC?=?0.958).

Conclusion: Both ROMA and CPH-I could potentially shorten the time spent before OC patients reach a tertiary center thereby improve risk estimation/diagnosis. Biomarker research still has to be performed in relevant clinical settings before any overall decisions can be made with respect to screening.     

碘-125粒子组织间植入治疗恶性肿瘤的效果

目的 评价组织间植入碘-125(¹²⁵I)粒子治疗恶性肿瘤的临床价值。方法 27例恶性肿瘤患者,其中肝癌肺转移10例、原发性肝癌4例、肝癌椎体转移3例、结肠癌肺转移3例、胰腺癌3例、肺癌2例、肝癌腹壁转移1例、十二指肠乳头癌术后局部复发并不全肠梗阻1例,在CT导向下植入¹²⁵I粒子,利用治疗计划系统(TPS)确定植入粒子的数量及位置,术后2个月复查CT评估疗效。结果 27例中,完全缓解(CR)5例,部分缓解(PR)13例,稳定(SD)7例,进展(PD)2例,总有效率66.7%,无严重并发症发生。结论 碘-125粒子植入治疗恶性肿瘤安全、微创,近期疗效肯定。     

血清鳞状细胞癌抗原、组织蛋白酶D和糖类抗原125检测对宫颈鳞癌诊断及预测转移的应用价值

目的  探讨血清鳞状细胞癌抗原（SCCAg）、组织蛋白酶D（Cath-D）、糖类抗原125（CA125）联合检测对宫颈鳞癌诊断及预测转移的临床应用价值。方法  酶联免疫吸附法（ELISA）检测血清中SCCAg和Cath- D水平,全自动化学发光免疫分析法检测CA125。收集2009年1月30日-2012年4月1日宫颈鳞癌患者（ⅠA2～ⅡA期）60例为研究组;宫颈上皮内瘤变组（CIN组）60例为对照组1;慢性宫颈炎组60例为对照组2。研究组在术前检测血清SCCAg、Cath-D、CA125水平,分析血清SCCAg、Cath-D、CA125水平与宫颈鳞癌、临床病理特征、转移及复发之间的相关性。结果  宫颈鳞癌组手术前的SCCAg、Cath-D和CA125水平分别为（1.41±0.26）ng/ml、（19.14±1.52）ng/L和（17.42±0.90）u/ml,明显高于CIN组和慢性宫颈炎组,差异有统计学意义（P = 0.003、0.005、0.000、0.000、0.000和0.000）;SCCAg、Cath-D水平与宫颈鳞癌临床分期、肿瘤体积、分化程度、间质浸润深度、脉管癌栓、宫旁转移、盆腔淋巴结转移有不同程度相关,差异有统计学意义（P <0.05）,CA125水平变化与宫颈癌间质浸润深度密切相关,差异有统计学意义（P =0.007）。应用工作特征曲线（ROC）分析SCCAg、Cath-D和CA125诊断宫颈鳞癌的临界值分别为1.03 ng/ml、13.58 ng/L和8.16 u/ml,预测转移临界值分别为3.21 ng/ml、21.20 ng/L和12.45 u/ml,曲线下面积（AUC）分别为0.954、0.905和0.718。结论  血清SCCAg和Cath-D水平对宫颈鳞癌的诊断、临床分期、预判复发具有很高的临床诊断价值;SCCAg、Cath-D和CA125 3项指标联合使用,可明显提高预测宫颈鳞癌转移的临床价值。

     

Radioiodination and bioevaluation of rolipram as a tracer for brain imaging: In silico study,molecular modeling and gamma scintigraphy

Brain imaging is considered one of the most fruitful applications of radioisotope scanning. Rolipram, a selective phospodiesterase‐4 inhibitor, has been labeled using [¹²⁵I] with chloramine‐T (Ch‐T) as an oxidizing agent. Factors, such as the amount of substrate, pH, the amount of oxidizing agent, temperature, and the reaction time, have been systematically studied to optimize the iodination process. In addition, bio‐distribution studies have indicated that the brain uptake of [¹²⁵I]iodorolipram is 7.6 ± 0.33 injected dose/g organ at 10 minutes post‐injection, which cleared from the brain with time until it reaches 1.30 ± 0.17% at 1 hour post‐injection. Therefore, iodorolipram could be considered as a potential, new selective radiotracer for brain imaging.     

酒石酸美托洛尔片联合左卡尼汀注射剂治疗慢性心力衰竭的临床研究

目的观察酒石酸美托洛尔片联合左卡尼汀注射剂治疗慢性心力衰竭的临床疗效及安全性。方法将98例慢性心力衰竭患者随机分为对照组和试验组,每组49例。对照组予以口服酒石酸美托洛尔片6.25 mg,bid;试验组在对照组的基础上,予以静脉滴注左卡尼汀注射剂2 g,qd,2组均持续治疗10 d。比较2组患者的临床疗效,血清半乳糖凝集素-3(Gal-3)、糖类抗原125(CA125)和N末端脑钠肽前体(NT-proB NP)水平和药物不良反应发生率。结果试验组和对照组总有效率分别为93.87%(46例/49例)和71.42%(35例/49例),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。治疗后,试验组和对照组血清Gal-3分别为(4.19±0.59),(5.64±0.73)μg·L^-1;CA125分别为(48.16±5.54),(73.47±8.02)U·L^-1;NT-proB NP分别为(291.93±36.30),(389.61±45.60)μg·L^-1,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。试验组和对照组的药物不良反应主要有转氨酶上升和头痛,药物不良反应发生率分别为22.44%(11例/49例)和18.37%(9例/49例),差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结果酒石酸美托洛尔片联合左卡尼汀注射剂治疗慢性心力衰竭的临床疗效肯定,且安全性高。