Vulvar Lipoma: Is It So Rare?

Vulvar lipoma is said to be so rare that only a few cases have been reported. We present two cases of vulvar lipoma that were diagnosed within six months in our centre in a 28 year-old para 2 and 35 year-old para 1 woman both of whom presented with slow-growing masses in the vulva. A detailed discussion of the clinical features and current management options are outlined, with emphasis on the need to subject all excised lesions to histopathological evaluation; to ensure accurate diagnosis and differentiate this benign swelling from cystic swellings and malignant neoplasms in the vulva.     

骨痛膏局部外敷对膝关节炎家兔的骨内压及血液流变学的影响

目的：观察中药制剂骨痛膏局部外敷对膝关节炎家兔的骨内压及血液流变学的影响及作用,为中药临床治疗骨性关节炎（OA）提供实验依据。方法：日本大耳白兔,32只,体重2-2.5kg左右,随机分为正常组、造模组、骨痛膏组（用药组）、天和骨通膏组（对照组）。每组8只,除正常组外,均在无菌条件下,行右侧股静脉结扎,建立兔骨性关节炎模型.正常组与造模组不予处理。8周后,骨痛膏组用骨痛膏行右膝关节外敷,3天1次,共3周。天和骨通膏组用天和骨通膏行右膝关节外敷,3天1次。共3周。后用BL-410生物机能系统测量兔双膝关节骨内压,然后取骨髓血测量血液流变学,骨内压测量结果采用配对资料均数的t检验进行分析,骨髓血血液流变学检测结果采用q检验进行分析。结果：造模组兔右膝关节发生了类似于临床早期OA的病理改变：骨内压较正常组明显升高（P〈0.01）,骨髓血血液流变学状态较正常组有明显改变（P〈0.01）。经过3周的治疗,用药组的骨内压和血液流变学等各项指标均趋于正常（P〉0.05）,而对照组的骨内压和血液流变学等各项指标与正常组相比差异有统计学意义（P〈0.01）。结论：骨痛膏外敷能有效降低膝关节家兔骨内高压,明显改善骨髓血血液流变学状态,并可使其恢复至正常水平,从而起到延缓关节软骨的退变,有利于软骨修复的作用。     

Osteochondrolipoma: a subcutaneous lipoma with chondroid and bone differentiation of the chest wall

Lipomas are the most common subtype of benign soft tissue neoplasms and can occur anywhere in the body. Differentiation into a diversity of mesenchymal elements, such as blood vessels, fibrous tissue or muscle, is a frequent event. However, the presence of bone or cartilage in these tumors is extraordinarily rare with very few cases reported in the head and neck area. We report a case of an 'osteochondrolipoma' of the chest wall, in a young individual, providing a rationale in support of this as a possible and distinctive histologic subtype of lipomas, as well as discussion in the differential diagnosis of this lesion.     

结肠镜治疗老年人结肠、直肠脂肪瘤的临床分析与护理

目的探讨结肠镜治疗老年人结肠、直肠脂肪瘤的疗效、安全性与护理。方法对本院收治的8例结肠、直肠老年人脂肪瘤行结肠镜治疗临床资料进行回顾性分析。结果本组患者行结肠镜下电凝电切切除,2例术中创面渗血,应用氩气刀止血成功,1例手术后第8天发生迟发性便血,再次结肠镜下金属钛夹止血成功,未发生穿孔等严重并发症和死亡,治愈率为100%。结论结肠镜下治疗老年人结肠、直肠脂肪瘤是安全、有效的,具有创伤小、并发症少,操作灵活简便等优点,专科护士精心的术前准备、准确迅速的术中配合和监护以及完善的术后护理是治疗成功的重要条件。     

Primary intraosseous myoepithelioma arising in the iliac bone and displaying trisomies of 11, 15, 17 with del (16q) and del (22q11)--A rare case report with review of literature

Mixed tumors are uncommonly observed in the musculoskeletal system, where they form a common spectrum with a myoepithelioma and a parachordoma. Herein, we present a rare case of a mixed tumor/myoepithelioma arising in the iliac bone of a young adult male who presented with swelling in his right hip. Radiological imaging disclosed a large, intraosseous, lytic, heterogenous mass with a soft tissue component. Biopsy and subsequent tumor resection showed an 18 cm sized tumor involving the iliac bone and soft tissues and comprising polygonal and spindly cells, arranged in cords and aggregates, embedded in a myxohyaline stroma with osteochondroid differentiation. Tumor cells exhibited mild nuclear variation, rare mitotic figures, focal cytoplasmic clearing, and prominent squamous differentiation. On immunohistochemistry (IHC), tumor cells were diffusely positive for S100-P, EMA, CK5/6, p63, GFAP, calponin, and focally positive for CK/MNF116, but negative for Brachyury/T. Diagnosis of a myoepithelioma/mixed tumor was offered. Further, cytogenetic analysis revealed lack of EWSR1 gene rearrangement and showed clonal trisomies of 11, 15, 17 with del (16q) and del (22q11). The present case is a rare documentation of a myoepithelioma in the appendicular bones and the second such case identified in the iliac bone. IHC and cytogenetic findings supported a myoepithelial cell origin, and reinforced its relationship with a parachordoma and its distinction from mixed salivary gland tumors, a chordoma, and an extraskeletal myxoid chondrosarcoma that form its differential diagnoses.     

Review of large deep lipomatous tumours

BACKGROUND: Lipomatous tumours comprise a range of diagnoses. There are controversies regarding the histopathological diagnosis, nomenclature, diagnostic method, surgical management, roles of radiotherapy and the risk of metastasis, local recurrence and dedifferentiation. This study describes our experience with such tumours. METHODS: Retrospective review of 224 soft tissue tumours from the Senior Author's (J. W. S.) database identified 28 patients with deep lipomatous tumours. Clinical features and outcomes were studied with median follow up of 1.5 years. RESULTS: Eleven deep lipomas, six deep atypical lipomas, four well-differentiated (lipoma-like) liposarcomas, three well-differentiated liposarcomas and four liposarcomas were studied. Preoperative diagnosis was established by image-guided core biopsy in 20 patients, excisional biopsy in 6, incisional biopsy in 1 and fine-needle aspiration in 1. All patients diagnosed with deep lipoma and deep atypical lipoma underwent marginal excision. The median size of the excised tumour was 11 cm. Recurrence occurred in three deep atypical lipomas and one liposarcoma. Dedifferentiation occurred in one deep atypical lipoma, which transformed into a liposarcoma. None had metastasis or died of metastatic malignancy. CONCLUSION: Large deep lipomatous tumours are uncommon and although they do not tend to metastasize, they not infrequently recur locally. Hence their local treatment to prevent local recurrence is important. Key aspects in achieving a complete, but marginal resection of the deep atypical lipoma and the well-differentiated lipoma-like liposarcoma is accurate preoperative diagnosis with core biopsy and accurate imaging to assess deep unsuspected extensions of the tumour.     

关节旁骨内腱鞘囊肿的影像学诊断

目的 探讨关节旁骨内腱鞘囊肿的发病机制、临床表现及X线特征、诊断及鉴别诊断。资料与方法 回顾性分析经病理证实的11例关节旁骨内腱鞘囊肿的临床及影像学资料，其中5例位于膝关节附近，5例位于踝关节附近，1例位于肘关节，且均为单发。结果 11例X线表现：7例为单房性圆形或椭圆形密度减低区，其中2例与关节腔有一宽约1mm的通道；2例呈多房性囊状扩张，其内有粗细不等的间隔；另2例呈半圆形骨质缺损，开口朝向关节腔。11例均显示边界清楚，周围有宽约1mm的硬化边。结论 关节旁骨内腱鞘囊肿在临床和X线片上可早期诊断，但应与相关疾病鉴别，防止误诊。     

结肠脂肪瘤的诊断和治疗

目的提高结肠脂肪瘤的术前诊断率和疗效。方法结合有关文献,对1971～2002年我院收治的10例结肠脂肪瘤诊治过程进行回顾性分析。结果本组10例患者,术前确诊率为60%。9例行结肠节段切除或半侧结肠切除术,1例行电子结肠镜电灼切除肿瘤,疗效满意,均痊愈出院,治愈率为100%。结论钡剂灌肠、电子结肠镜、腹部CT、MRI等均为结肠脂肪瘤诊断的重要手段,其中CT对确诊的意义较大。对于有症状者应行手术治疗,主要行结肠节段切除术或电子结肠镜电灼切除术。     

Laparoscopic Resection of an Ileal Lipoma: Report of a Case

A 63-year-old woman was admitted to our hospital for investigation of upper abdominal pain and vomiting. Ultrasonography (US) showed a hyperechoic mass in the right lower abdomen, and computed tomography (CT) showed a low-density mass and intestinal invagination. Thus, we made a diagnosis of intestinal lipoma with intussusception and performed laparoscopic partial resection of the ileum, including the tumor. The resected specimen contained a round tumor, 25 × 22 × 20 mm, which was identified as an intestinal lipoma histopathologically. Our experience supports earlier reports that US and CT are effective tools in the diagnosis of bowel lipoma. Laparoscopic surgery is the treatment of choice for benign tumors of the small intestine because it is minimally invasive, with cosmetic, physical, and economic benefits.     

骨静脉造影在椎体成形术治疗症状性椎体血管瘤中的价值探讨

目的 评价经皮椎体成形术(PVP)治疗症状性椎体血管瘤的安全性、临床疗效,探讨术中先行椎体骨静脉造影是否能降低骨水泥(PMMA)渗漏的发生及提高临床疗效.方法 2001年3月至2010年1月,南京东南大学附属中大医院放射科治疗椎体血管瘤患者45例共53节,均有不同程度胸背部或腰背部疼痛,其中马尾受压瘫痪1例,椎体压缩骨折3例.分为两组:A组为先行椎体骨静脉造影后再注入PMMA共23例27节椎体;B组为直接注入PMMA 22例26节.PVP后1～3 dCT复查观察PMMA分布及有无椎体周围渗漏.比较两组疗效、PMMA渗漏情况、注入量、手术成本及术中X线辐射时间.结果 PVP技术成功率100%,PMMA平均注入量3.96 ml.随访6个月～5年,除A组初期1例无效外,余44例术后1周疼痛均有改善,术后1、3个月疼痛进一步减轻,6个月及1年疗效均保持稳定,CR、PR和NR分别为84.5%、13.3%、2.2%.6个月时,A组有效率为95.7%,B组为100%,两组比较差异无统计学意义(P=0.323).CT证实PMMA椎旁渗漏共有8节,均无临床症状,其中A组有6节,B组有2节(P=0.140).A组平均注入PMMA量为3.70 ml,B组为4.23 ml(P=0.157);A组平均手术费用为7.24千元/节,B组为5.84千元/节(P=0.000),B组比A组节省约1.4千元/节;A组平均X线照射时间为13.28 min,B组为8.78 min(P=0.000),B组比A组减少约4.5 min.结论 PVP为椎体血管瘤安全、有效的治疗方法;技术要领为经血管瘤侧椎弓根穿刺,PMMA应完全充填血管瘤并部分超出其边缘;椎体骨静脉造影不能提高PVP疗效和安全性,相反增加了手术成本和X线照射时间.