Central papillary cystadenocarcinoma of the mandible: A case report and review of the literature

INTRODUCTION

Central papillary cystadenocarcinoma of the jaw is an extremely rare tumor with only three previously reported cases in the English literature. This tumor is a histologically low-grade cancer, affecting more commonly in the mandible than in the maxilla.

PRESENTATION OF CASE

A 65-year-old woman presented with a two months history of a rapidly growing, painless mass of the right ascending ramus of the mandible. The pathologic report from incisional biopsy was a papillary cystic tumor with a differential diagnosis of cystadenoma versus cystadenocarcinoma. Segmental mandibulectomy, parotidectomy and submandibular gland resection were performed. The final pathology was intraosseous papillary cystadenocarcinoma.

DISCUSSION

Clinical features of central papillary cystadenocarcinoma of the mandible mimic an odontogenic lesion and metastatic bone disease, careful review of radiograph and pathology should be done. Surgical excision with wide margins is the appropriate treatment. Postoperative radiation therapy should be considered in histologically aggressive or high-stage tumor.

CONCLUSION

This is the fourth case of central papillary cystadenocarcinoma of the mandible in the English literature. Although it is usually a low-grade cancer, en bloc resection with adjuvant postoperative radiotherapy in a high-stage disease, and long-term follow-up allow the patient to have a favorable prognosis.     

经侧前方肋间隙胸膜外入路切除胸椎椎体后缘骨内软骨结节的胸椎管减压

【摘要】 目的：探讨侧前方经肋间隙胸膜外入路手术切除胸椎椎体后缘骨内软骨结节治疗胸椎管狭窄症的方法和疗效。方法：2002年4月~2012年9月,对18例明确诊断为胸椎椎体后缘骨内软骨结节所致椎管狭窄症患者采用经侧前方肋间隙胸膜外入路减压内固定融合术治疗,男12例,女6例;年龄33~61岁,平均46岁。影像学证实均为单一节段椎体后缘骨内软骨结节,且不合并胸椎黄韧带骨化及后纵韧带骨化。病变节段：T7/8 2例,T8/9 4例,T9/10 5例,T10/11 7例。术前神经功能Frankel分级：C级6例,D级12例;JOA评分6.6±1.3分。观察术后疗效和并发症发生情况。结果：18例患者均顺利完成手术,平均用时3.5h,平均出血量420ml（350~620ml）,术后无气胸、胸腔积液等并发症发生;1例术后1周发生肺炎,5例术后第2天复查胸片时发现邻近肋骨骨折,均经保守治疗后痊愈。所有患者均获得随访,随访时间2~12年,平均6年。疗效参照Epstein标准评价,优15例,良2例,差1例,优良率94%（17/18）。术前Frankel分级为C级的患者1例无明显改善,1例改善至D级,4例改善为E级;12例D级患者均改善为E级。JOA评分改善到9.4±1.6分,与术前比较有显著性差异（P<0.05）。术后1年复查CT见椎间植骨区表面有连续性骨小梁通过,末次随访时影像学检查未发现内固定断裂、松动和植骨不融合现象。结论：对于胸椎椎体后缘骨内软骨结节所致胸椎管狭窄症患者,采用经侧前方肋间隙胸膜外入路胸椎椎体后缘骨内软骨结节切除减压可取得较好的临床疗效,是一种安全有效的手术方式。     

Dendritic fibromyxolipoma: A variant of spindle cell lipoma with extensive myxoid change,with cytogenetic evidence

Dendritic fibromyxolipoma (DFML), a rare, recently described distinct benign soft tissue tumor, has many clinicopathological features reminiscent of spindle cell lipoma and solitary fibrous tumor with myxoid change. It is distinguished histologically from both entities by the presence of spindle and stellate cells with dendritic cytoplasmic prolongations, prominent myxoid stroma with abundant keloidal collagen and occasional small plexiform vascular proliferation. We describe a case of histologically confirmed DFML of the left shoulder in a 67‐year‐old male, in which subsequent cytogenetic analysis revealed deletion involving 13q14.3 region in all the tumor cells, typically detected in spindle cell lipoma. In the presence of many clinicopathological similarities between DFML and spindle cell lipoma including chromosomal abnormalities, we postulate that DFML is merely a rare variant of spindle cell lipoma with extensive myxoid degeneration, and may not be considered as a separate entity. The possible differential diagnosis and their distinguishing features are briefly discussed.     

A case report of a Cerebellopontine angle lipoma revealed by vertigo

Cerebellopontine angle (CPA) lipoma is an extremely rare lesion representing only 0.1% of all the CPA tumors. We present a case of a 56‐year‐old woman with a 6‐month history of vertigo. Cerebral MRI showed a left CPA lipoma. The patient was managed conservatively.     

颅内脂肪瘤的影像学诊断

目的探讨MRI对颅内脂肪瘤的诊断价值。方法回顾分析21例经CT和MRI确诊的颅内脂肪瘤的影像学表现;比较CT和MRI对诊断颅内脂肪瘤的优缺点。结果脂肪肿块CT值为-100Hu左右;MRI检查,在T1WI上呈特征性的高信号,在T2WI上呈略高信号,信号均匀一致;采用脂肪抑制技术后脂肪信号强度明显降低,且与皮下脂肪及球后脂肪的信号变化完全相同。结论MRI是检查和诊断颅内脂肪瘤首选的影像学检查手段,尤其对显示一些小脂肪瘤和脂肪瘤与邻近组织结构的解剖关系及伴发的颅脑其他畸形更具优越性。     

Malignant primary intraosseus synovial sarcoma – a rare case report

Primary intraosseous synovial sarcoma is an extremely rare malignancy that occurs primarily in young adults. We present a case of a primary intraosseous synovial sarcoma of the right distal ulna in a 19-year-old female. It has a propensity to mimic other radiologic and pathologic diagnosis. Histopathology after a surgical excisional biopsy with a wide margin plus adjunct radio and chemotherapy are necessary to improve prognosis.     

Surgical management of lipomas: Proposal of the Z‐incision design and surgical algorithm based on tumor size

Surgical excision is the treatment of choice for lipomas. However, linear incision methods or minimal extraction techniques often do not provide a sufficient surgical view. Therefore, removing large lipomas is often difficult. To present the Z‐incision and half Z‐incision designs for lipoma extraction, this retrospective study analyzed lipomas surgically excised at our institution between September 2015 and December 2018. The area of surgical field exposed by the Z‐incision versus that exposed by the linear incision was calculated using a schematic model. Cure rate, complications, and surgical field area were investigated. A total of 84 lipomas were included. A Z‐ or half Z‐incision was used to treat 30 lipomas, while a linear incision was used to treat 54 lipomas. The mean diameter of the mass in the Z‐ or half Z‐incision group was 47.7 mm (range, 15–160 mm), larger than that in the linear incision group (25.5 mm; range, 7–59 mm) (p < .001). The Z‐incision involved making rectangular windows by lifting 2 triangular flaps. According to our mathematical model, the Z‐incision provided a larger surgical field area than that provided by the linear incision based on stretched angles (1.81 times larger at 30° and 3.14 times larger at 15°). The Z‐ and half Z‐incisions were successfully performed in all but 1 lipoma (29 lipomas, 96.7%). There was 1 lipoma that resulted in postoperative complications (seroma, 3.3%). The Z‐incision design can be a useful alternative technique for the extirpation of lipomas, especially large lipomas. Here, we proposed a surgical algorithm for lipoma surgery based on tumor size.     

Facial intramuscular lipoma occurrence following topical cosmetic injection with a mixture of basic fibroblast growth factor: A report of two cases

Growth factors and cytokines control cell growth, proliferation and differentiation via a network of inter- and intracellular signalling pathways, and are involved in skin self-renewing and wound healing. In recent years, topical and injectable growth factors and cytokines have emerged as an intriguing therapeutic modality that can be harnessed for aesthetic purposes. However, very little data are available on their long-term safety and tolerability. In this report, we describe two cases of patients, who developed intramuscular lipoma of the chin following topical injection with a mixture of basic fibroblast growth factor as the main ingredients for chin augmentation. Biopsies in the two cases were performed at our department, and revealed intramuscular lipoma. Our report indicates that the topical injection of growth factors can lead to tumorigenesis, so health care providers need to be aware of its potential consequences.