梅毒患者血清一氧化氮和一氧化氮合酶水平测定

目的　检测梅毒螺旋体感染者血清中一氧化氮 (NO)和一氧化氮合酶 (NOS)的水平。方法　用分光光度法测定血清中NO水平和NOS活性 ,血清中NO3 和NO2 总量代表体内NO水平 ,NOS催化L 精氨酸和氧的反应生成NO的多少代表血清NOS活性。结果　梅毒患者NO浓度为 115± 36 3nmol/L ,NOS活性为 35 8± 7 3U/ml,二者均远远高于正常对照组。结论　梅毒螺旋体的感染引起患者体内NO水平和NOS活性升高 ,NO在梅毒感染中可能发挥重要的作用。     

硫酸镁对小鼠全脑缺血再灌注损伤的保护作用

目的 探讨不同剂量硫酸镁(MgSO<,4>)预处理及治疗对小鼠全脑缺血再灌注损伤保护作用及可能机制.方法 昆明种小鼠,随机分为假手术组、缺血再灌组、MgSO<,4>预处理组和治疗组各分为低、中、高剂量组,预处理组缺血前30 min腹腔注射;治疗组于再灌后即刻腹腔注射.观察病理形态学变化,检测脑组织一氧化氯(NO)含量和总一氧化氮合酶(T-NOS)、诱导型NOS(iNOS)活性.ATP酶的活性.结果 MgSO<,4>预处理和治疗各组脑组织缺血再灌注损伤病理学改变明显轻于再灌组.假手术组及MgSO<,4>预处理和治疗各组脑组织NO含量和NOS、iNOS活性均低于再灌组(P<0.05,P<0.01).脑组织钠钾ATP酶及钙镁ATP酶的活性假手术组及MgSO<,4>预处理和治疗各组均高于缺血再灌组(P<0.05).结论 MgSO<,4>预处理和治疗均可能通过降低NOS及iNOS活性及NO含量,增加ATP酶的活性,减轻神经元损伤程度,对缺血再灌注脑损伤具有保护作用.     

复元胶囊对大鼠膝骨关节炎软骨iNOS及血清PGE2、NO的影响

目的 观察复元胶囊(FYJN)对实验性大鼠膝骨关节炎软骨诱导型一氧化氮合酶(iNOS)及血清一氧化氮(NO)、前列腺素E2(PGE2)的影响.方法 Hulth法建立骨关节炎模型,随机分成正常组、模型组、塞来昔布(CE)组、FYJN低、中、高剂量组,各组分别予相应药物灌胃12 w.HE染色并光镜观察股骨内侧髁软骨病理形态,免疫组化检测软骨中iNOS表达,硝酸基还原酶法及酶联免疫吸附法分别测定血清NO、PGE2含量.结果 FYJN低、中、高剂量组软骨iNOS及血清NO、PGE2均低于模型组(P<0.05,P<0.01,P<0.001).结论 FYJN呈剂量依赖关系降低骨关节炎软骨中iNOS表达及血清中NO、PGE2含量,对减轻关节炎症有一定的作用.     

慢性宫内缺氧对子代大鼠心脏诱导型一氧化氮合酶、血清内皮素1的影响

目的探讨慢性宫内缺氧对子代大鼠心脏诱导型一氧化氮合酶、血清内皮素1的影响。方法建立慢性宫内缺氧大鼠模型,实验分为缺氧组、空气模拟对照组、空白对照组,每组10只子鼠。监测出生1天龄子鼠体重、各脏器重量,免疫组织化学法检测心肌细胞诱导型一氧化氮合酶的表达,酶联免疫吸附法检测1天龄、6月龄子鼠血清内皮素1的表达。结果宫内缺氧引起仔鼠主要脏器不成比例生长。宫内缺氧组子代大鼠出生时心肌诱导型一氧化氮合酶表达显著高于空气模拟对照组及空白对照组(P<0.01),而空气模拟对照组与空白对照组比较差别无统计学意义。1天龄子鼠各组间血清内皮素1的表达差异无统计学意义,6月龄子鼠缺氧组显著高于空气模拟对照组及空白对照组(P<0.01),而空气模拟对照组与空白对照组比较差别无统计学意义。结论慢性宫内缺氧作为孕期不良生长环境应激因素,可引起子鼠低出生体重以及主要脏器不成比例生长,并导致心脏诱导型一氧化氮合酶、血清内皮素1表达增高,致使心血管病风险性增高。     

α-内收蛋白基因及内皮型一氧化氮合酶基因多态性与大动脉弹性相关性研究

目的 探讨α-内收蛋白基因变异（Gly460Trp）及内皮型一氧化氮合酶基因（G894T、T786C）变异与大动脉弹性相关性研究。方法 （1）采用Complior SP脉搏波速度测定仪测量股-颈动脉PWV（C—FPwV），共319例，其中C—FPWV异常组204例，对照组115例；（2）采用聚合酶链反应和限制性酶切的片段长度多态分析方法检测α-内收蛋白基因变异（Gly460Trp）及一氧化氮合酶（eNOS）基因变异（G894T、T786C）。结果 （1）C—FPWV升高组收缩压（SBP）、舒张压（DBP）均显著高于对照组（P〈0．05）；（2）C—FPWV异常组WW、TG＋TT基因型、W、T等位基因频率显著高于对照组（P〈0．05）。C—FPWV异常组T786C（CT、CC）基因型及C等位基因频率与对照组比较差异无显著性（P〉0．05）；（3）WW和TG＋TT基因型与WG＋GG、TT基因型比较C—FPWV、收缩压、舒张压差异有显著性（P〈0．05）；（4）Logistic回归结果显示：α-内收蛋白460WW基因型（P=0．001，OR=3．234，95％CI1．655—6．320）及内皮型一氧化氮合酶（eNOS）基因G894T多态性TT、TG基因型是动脉弹性减退的危险因素（P=0．025，OR=0．477，95％C10．249～0．911）结论 α-内收蛋白基因变异（Gly460Trp）及一氧化氮合酶基因变异（G894T）与大动脉弹性有密切相关性，WW、TT、TG型是大动脉弹性减退的敏感基因型。     

Age-related changes of NGF, BDNF, parvalbumin and neuronal nitric oxide synthase immunoreactivity in the mouse hippocampal CA1 sector

We investigated the age-related alterations in nerve growth factor (NGF), brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), parvalbumin and neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS) immunoreactivity of the mouse hippocampal CA1 sector. NGF and BDNF immunoreactivity was unchanged in the hippocampal CA1 pyramidal neurons from 2 to 50-59 weeks of birth. In contrast, a significant increase in the NGF and BDNF immunoreactivity was observed in glial cells of the hippocampal CA1 sector from 40-42 to 50-59 weeks of birth. On the other hand, the number of parvalbumin- and nNOS-positive interneurons was unchanged in the hippocampal CA1 sector during aging processes, except for a significant decrease of nNOS-positive interneurons 2 weeks of birth. Our results indicate that NGF and BDNF immunoreactivity was unaltered in the hippocampal CA1 pyramidal neurons during aging processes. In contrast, a significant increase in the NGF and BDNF immunoreactivity was observed in glial cells of the hippocampal CA1 sector during aging processes. The present study also shows that the number of parvalbumin- and nNOS-positive interneurons was unchanged in the hippocampal CA1 sector during aging processes, except for a significant decrease of nNOS-positive interneurons 2 weeks of birth. These results demonstrate that the expression of glial NGF and BDNF may play a key role for helping survival and maintenance of pyramidal neurons and neuronal functions in the hippocampal CA1 sector during aging processes. Furthermore, our findings suggest that parvalbumin- and nNOS-positive interneurons in the hippocampal CA1 sector are resistant to aging processes. Moreover, our findings suggest that nitric oxide synthesized by the nNOS may play some role for neuronal growth during postnatal development.     

促红细胞生成素对新生大鼠心脏成纤维细胞氧化应激时一氧化氮合酶系统的影响

目的:探讨促红细胞生成素(EPO)对心脏成纤维细胞(CFs)氧化应激时一氧化氮合酶(NOS)系统的影响,以及PI3-K/Akt信号途径在其中的作用。方法:应用胰酶和胶原酶双酶法分离培养新生大鼠CFs,EPO、过氧化氢(H2O2)和PI3-K抑制剂LY294002不同因素干预。化学酶法检测CFs培养液中的NO浓度以及总NOS和其亚型的活性。Western blot检测Akt、p-Akt、eNOS、iNOS蛋白的表达。结果:氧化应激使CFs中iNOS的表达显著上调,活性增强;eNOS蛋白的表达明显下降。同时CFs培养液中NO的合成增加显著,达到(25.94±2.57)μmol/L,是对照组的4倍多(P<0.01)。EPO显著抑制CFs氧化应激时iNOS蛋白的表达,同时上调eNOS蛋白,总的NO浓度也显著下降。Akt磷酸化形式p-Akt的表达水平也明显提高。PI3-K抑制剂LY294002能阻断EPO促进eNOS和p-Akt蛋白表达的作用,但EPO抑制iNOS的作用不能完全被阻断。结论:EPO能促进新生大鼠CFs氧化应激时eNOS蛋白的合成,抑制iNOS蛋白的表达。其促进eNOS的表达是通过激活PI3-K/Akt细胞信号途径来实现,抑制iNOS的机制有待进一步探讨。     

Attenuation of pulmonary hypertension secondary to left ventricular dysfunction in the rat by Rho‐kinase inhibitor fasudil

Pulmonary hypertension (PH) in left ventricular dysfunction is attributable not only to backward failure of the left ventricle, but also to increased pulmonary vascular resistance (PVR) in some patients. Recently, Rho‐kinase has been known as a potent growth stimulator and mediator of vasoconstriction, and Rho‐kinase inhibitors could ameliorate PVR, little is known about the role of Rho‐kinase in left ventricular dysfunction‐induced PH. We utilized the ascending aortic‐banded rat and assessed the effect of Rho‐kinase inhibitor fasudil on the development of PH secondary to left ventricular dysfunction. Subsequently, in rats subjected to aortic banding for 6 weeks, there were increases in mean pulmonary arterial pressure, pulmonary arteriolar medial thickness, active RhoA, Rho‐kinase II, Rho‐kinase activity, endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) and endothelin‐1(ET‐1) concomitant with decreased levels in NO and cGMP in the lung. Treatment with fasudil at a dose of 30 mg/kg/day from days 1 to 28 or from days 29 to 42 decreased the mean pulmonary arterial pressure by 57% and 56%, right ventricular hypertrophy by 31% and 30%, pulmonary arteriolar medial thickness by 50% and 50%, and pulmonary expression of Rho‐kinase II by 41% and 28%, respectively, as well as augmented pulmonary expression of eNOS by 16% and 31% and NO by 50% and 76%, respectively, when compared with the vehicle controls. In conclusion, these results suggest that inhibition of Rho‐kinase may provide therapeutic potential for preventing and attenuating the development of PH in left ventricular dysfunction. Further translational study in human is needed to substantiate the findings. Pediatr Pulmonol. 2011; 46:45–59. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.     

先天性心脏病并肺动脉高压患者肺组织eNOS及Ⅰ、Ⅲ型胶原蛋白的表达和关系

目的探讨先天性心脏病（CHD）并发肺动脉高压（PH）患者肺组织中内皮型一氧化氮合酶（eNOS）与Ⅰ型和Ⅲ型胶原蛋白的表达情况及相互关系。方法光镜下观察60例CHD患者肺小动脉形态,按照Heath-EdwardsPH分级法分组：CHD无PH患者14例作为对照组,CHD合并PH患者46例为实验组,后者又分为Ⅰ、Ⅱ和Ⅲ级组。采用免疫组化SP法测定患者肺组织中eNOS和Ⅰ、Ⅲ型胶原蛋白的表达。结果与对照组比较,Ⅱ、Ⅲ级组Ⅰ、Ⅲ型胶原蛋白表达升高（P均〈0.01）e,NOS蛋白表达降低（P〈0.01）。Ⅰ、Ⅲ型胶原蛋白表达与PH分级呈正相关（P均〈0.01）,eNOS蛋白表达与PH分级呈负相关（P〈0.01）。eNOS蛋白与Ⅰ、Ⅲ型胶原蛋白间存在明显负相关（P〈0.05）。结论 eNOS可能参与CHD合并PH的肺血管重构过程。     

舌鳞癌细胞Tca8113中蛋白激酶C和丝裂原活化蛋白激酶激酶/细胞外调节蛋白激酶通路对诱导型一氧化氮合酶表达的影响

目的 在舌鳞癌细胞Tca8113中,探索与细胞增殖密切相关的诱导型一氧化氮合酶（NOS-2）的表达调控机制。方法 采用RNAi技术沉默Tca8113细胞中NOS-2、蛋白激酶C（PKC）-α、PKC-β和PKC-δ的基因;Griess Reagent法检测NOS-2基因沉默后一氧化氮（NO）生成量;CCK8法测定细胞增殖活性;实时定量荧光聚合酶链反应（q-PCR）技术检测各种方法处理后NOS-2、PKC-α、PKC-β和PKC-δ的基因表达;Western blotting技术测定丙二醇甲醚醋酸酯（PMA）作用细胞后的细胞外调节蛋白激酶（ERK）1/2磷酸化程度。结果 利用NOS-2的siRNA处理后,Tca8113细胞的增殖能力明显降低（P<0.01）;PKC的活性与NOS-2的基因表达成负相关（P<0.05）;PKC亚型PKC-α、PKC-β和PKC-δ共同参与NOS-2的基因调控（P<0.01）;丝裂原活化蛋白激酶激酶（MEK）/ERK通路负调控NOS-2的基因表达（P<0.05）;PKC通过MEK/ERK通路负调控NOS-2的基因表达（P<0.05）。结论 在Tca8113细胞中,PKC通过MEK/ERK通路负调控与细胞增殖相关的NOS-2的基因表达。