Tooth sizes in nonsyndromic hypodontia patients

Objective:To evaluate and compare the sizes of teeth in mild and severe hypodontia patients with those of healthy controls.Materials and Methods:Dental casts of 154 patients with two or more congenitally missing teeth were obtained. Patients were divided into two groups according to severity of hypodontia. Group I (mild) consisted of 118 patients with two to five missing teeth. Group II (severe) consisted of 36 patients with six or more missing teeth. In addition, a control group was included, which consisted of 50 patients who had an Angle Class I jaw relationship and no missing teeth. Mesiodistal and labiolingual dimensions of the teeth were measured with a digital caliper on dental casts. The independent-samples t-test was used to evaluate the effect of gender on measurements. Intergroup differences for mesiodistal and labiolingual dimensions were evaluated with analysis of variance and post hoc Tukey tests.Results:Statistically significant differences were found between girls and boys with hypodontia in the mesiodistal dimension of the mandibular first premolar and the labiolingual dimension of the mandibular lateral incisor (P < .01). Mesiodistal and labiolingual width measurements of the teeth of hypodontia patients showed statistically significant differences compared with the control group (P < .05). Most teeth showed significant dimensional reductions in severe hypodontia compared with mild hypodontia (P < .05).Conclusions:The mesiodistal and labiolingual dimensions of teeth in both mild and severe hypodontia groups were smaller than those in control subjects. The reduction in size was more excessive in the severe hypodontia group. The teeth showing the greatest difference in tooth dimensions were the maxillary lateral incisor (in mesiodistal dimension) and the mandibular canine (labiolingual dimension).     

支架式可摘局部义齿在牙周炎牙列缺损修复中的应用

目的：研究支架式可摘局部义齿对牙周炎伴牙列缺损的修复效果。方法：对10例完成牙周治疗的患者采用支架式可摘局部义齿修复,分别记录义齿戴入时,半年,1年和2年后的菌斑指数（PI）,龈沟出血指数（SBI）和牙周袋深度（PD）。结果：2年后PI和SBI指数增加,但1年后和2年后PD指数均有统计学意义的下降。结论：支架式可摘局部义齿对修复牙周炎伴牙列缺损具有一定稳定基牙,利于牙周恢复的效果。     

两种粘接剂粘固铸造桩核后备牙时机对冠方微渗漏影响的研究

目的：比较两种粘接剂粘固铸造金属桩核及粘固后不同间隔时间预备对冠方微渗漏的影响。方法：60颗离体单根管下颌前磨牙行截冠、根管预备和充填后制作铸造桩核,随机分为A、B两组,每组30颗,A组为玻璃离子水门汀粘接剂组,B组为树脂粘接剂组。每组再随机分为1、2、3三个亚组,每组10颗,其中A1、A2、B1、B2为实验组,分别在桩核粘固后5min、30min开始备牙,A3、B3组作为对照组,桩核粘固后不进行预备。所有样本浸入印度墨水染色两周后沿近远中向纵行剖开,在体视显微镜下观察冠方微渗漏情况。结果：A1、A2组微渗漏差异无统计学意义（p〉0．05）,但均大于A3组（p〈0．05）;B2、B3组微渗漏差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）,均小于B1组（P〈0．05）;A1组微渗漏大于B1组、A2组大于B2组（P〈0．05）,A3、B3组微渗漏差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）。结论：玻璃离子粘固铸造桩核后备牙间隔时间应大于30min,树脂粘固后备牙间隔时间可为30mill;相同间隔时间备牙时,高速手机振动对树脂粘接剂冠方微渗漏影响小于玻璃离子水门汀。     

Effects of lateral cortical anchorage on the primary stability of implants subjected to controlled loads: an in vitro study

Our aim was to evaluate the effects of lateral cortical anchorage on the primary stability of implants subjected to immediate loading. Implants were placed into bovine bones with monocortical anchorage (implant placed through the cortical bone of the crest) and bicortical anchorage (the crest cortical bone plus one cortical bone on the lateral side). Loads of 25N and 50N were applied to the implants in different cycles. The implant stability quotient (ISQ) was measured before and after the cyclic loadings. Under 25N load there was no difference in ISQ between 1800 cyclic loading and preloading, but the values decreased significantly after 3600 cyclic loading in both groups (p<0.05). Under a 50N load the ISQ value after 1800 and 3600 cyclic loading decreased in the monocortical group (p<0.05), but there was no difference between 1800 cyclic loading and preloading in the bicortical group, and the ISQ in the bicortical group was higher than in the monocortical group after 1800 cyclic loading (p<0.05). Our results suggest that the stability of implants with bicortical anchorage decreased more slowly under higher loads.     

上颌切牙不翻瓣即刻种植的临床效果

目的评估上颌切牙单牙不翻瓣即刻种植对牙槽骨和牙龈附着的影响。方法选择15例上颌前牙区因外伤、残根或根折等需拔除患牙行即刻种植修复的患者,共15颗切牙,术前行X线曲面断层片及牙科CT检查,评估牙槽骨高度、厚度与牙龈附着情况,微创拔除患牙后作植入前评估,采用不翻瓣即刻种植方法植入Anky-los种植体15颗,骨缺隙部分填充骨粉,穿龈愈合。术后5个月复诊行上部结构修复,对比术前与修复后的牙槽骨与牙龈退缩情况。结果 15颗种植体成功完成上部结构修复。修复时和术前比较,牙槽骨吸收(1.10±0.26)mm,牙龈退缩(0.81±0.31)mm,牙龈乳头形态保存良好。结论上颌切牙位点使用不翻瓣即刻种植,能有效保护种植区牙槽嵴,从而防止牙龈出现明显退缩,有利于维持种植区的美学效果。     

不翻瓣即刻种植近期临床效果观察

目的 探讨不翻瓣即刻种植术的近期临床效果.方法 拟行种植修复的患者65例,患牙拔除后行不翻瓣即刻种植术,共植入种植体86枚.随访24～48个月,通过临床、X线检查,分析种植体植入后牙龈情况、种植体松动度及种植体周围牙槽骨的吸收情况.结果 随访期间,86枚种植体中2枚因松动拔除,其余种植体周围牙龈无异常,种植体无松动,X线片检查种植体周围无透射影区,获得良好的骨结合,种植体周围软硬组织保持完好,美学效果满意.种植体2年成功率为97.7％.结论 不翻瓣即刻种植的近期临床效果满意.     

Tunnelled lateral fasciocutaneous thoracodorsal flap with a skin island in breast reconstruction in oncoplastic breast surgery

Abstract

The technique and results of a tunnelled lateral fasciocutaneous flap with a skin island is described in immediate partial breast reconstruction in a subpopulation in oncoplastic breast surgery. Fifteen patients were operated on from January 2008 to January 2011. The subpopulation consisted of patients with small or medium-sized breasts. All patients had invasive ductal carcinomas, located in the lateral or central parts of the breast, of which the lumpectomy in three cases included the nipple areola complex. Eleven patients had axillary lymph node dissection because of positive sentinel node biopsy. In four patients a re-resection was performed due to insufficient primary resection margins. No primary or secondary mastectomies were performed. One haematoma at the site of reconstruction was registered as the only postoperative complication. No patient developed wound infection, delayed wound healing, seroma, or any flap complications. All patients had adjuvant chemotherapy and radiation therapy according to the guidelines of The Danish Breast Cancer Group. The patients were seen at follow-up visits at 14 days, 3, 12, and 24 months. No recurrences were seen during the observation time except for one patient, who had recurrence with dissemination of the disease and died 19 months postoperatively.     

早期反应基因Ier5启动子区辐射敏感的转录因子结合位点研究

目的 探讨辐射诱导早期反应基因5(Ier5)的转录调控机制。方法 运用缺失体构建、定点突变、电泳迁移率实验(EMSA)及染色质免疫共沉淀(ChIP)技术,确定宫颈癌HeLa细胞中Ier5基因启动子区域、转录因子及其结合位点。结果 发现Ier5基因的启动子区可能在缺失体Ier5-8所包含的范围(-408~-238 bp)内。Ier5基因具有2个转录因子,分别为GCF、NFI,其中GCF的结合位点在Ier5基因启动子-388~-382 bp和-274~-270 bp处,NFI的结合位点在Ier5基因启动子-362~-357 bp处。GCF抑制Ier5基因的表达,抑制作用随γ射线吸收剂量的增加而减弱,NFI促进Ier5基因的表达。结论 Ier5基因启动子最可能的区域为-408~-238 bp,该区域存在2个辐射敏感的转录因子GCF和NFI的结合位点。GCF对Ier5基因的顺式作用元件起负调节作用,而NFI起正调节作用。     

珊瑚骨粉、口腔修复膜应用于即刻种植的临床研究

目的:选择合适的适应征进行微创拔牙后行即刻种植术,观察人工珊瑚颗粒、海奥生物膜行GBR技术,应用于前牙区即刻种植成骨效果.方法:25例前牙冠根折伴骨吸收患者进行即刻种植手术.微创拔除残根,牙槽窝嵴周少量骨缺损或伴唇侧骨壁洞穿,常规预备后植入种植体,种植体与牙槽窝骨壁间隙内、骨缺损处植入人工珊瑚颗粒(天博骨粉),盖海奥口腔修复膜,种植体均为潜入式愈合,二期手术后常规修复.观察二期手术及修复后6月或1年植骨区外形及牙龈状况.结果:二期手术时牙槽嵴成骨明显,包绕种植体颈周,二期手术修复后6月或1年牙槽外形均较植骨前丰满,牙龈质地、色泽良好.结论:珊瑚骨粉颗粒联合海奥生物膜应用于即刻种植修复少量骨缺损,成骨效果可靠.     

葛根素应用于犬即刻种植后通过Micro-CT进行骨形态计量的实验研究

目的：探讨葛根素在微创拔牙窝的即刻种植动物模型骨形态定性定量研究中的应用。方法：取出沿种植体左右各临1颗牙四方骨块的实验犬骨样本共8枚,其中实验组4枚,空白对照组4枚;将所取标本固定于Micro-CT内部的载物盘上,标本放置的方向以种植体的垂直轴向保持平行,然后固定后进行图像采集;划定种植体周围相同距离的骨质界,利用分析处理软件Micview三维重建及ABA专用骨骼分析软件,获取骨小梁不同指标数据进行统计分析并做出对比性研究。结果：以相同剂量的葛根素植入种植窝和空白对照根据不同观察时间进行分组,通过Micro-CT获取数据进行独立样本检验分析,统计各骨小梁形态学参数的P值,实验组与对照组比较（P〈0.05）,各组均有极显著统计学意义,实验组呈高度阳性指标。结论：葛根素应用于即刻种植的拔牙窝后,对保存牙槽嵴骨细胞及抑制牙槽嵴吸收具备较好的临床推广价值,为提高即刻种植的成功率与完美性增加可靠依据。而将Micro-CT扫描技术,数字图像处理技术及ABA专用骨骼分析软件结合,可获取高精度的骨小梁参数进行分析,为口腔种植体周骨组织形态计量法提供更精确、立体、快速且无损测量骨微结构和评价骨质量的方法。