精子DNA碎片率与体外受精实验室结局的关系

目的初步探讨精子DNA碎片率、精子核蛋白不成熟度与体外受精实验室结局的关系。方法对2013年5~7月在我院行IVF治疗的男性患者行精液常规、精子DNA碎片率及精子核蛋白不成熟度检查,利用spearman相关分析探讨它们与IVF受精率、优胚率的关系。结果精子DNA碎片碎与男方年龄正相关,与前向运动精子百分率、优胚率负相关,与IVF受精率无相关。精子核蛋白不成熟度与精子浓度、正常精子百分率负相关,与IVF受精率、优胚率无显著相关。结论精子DNA碎片率检测对预测IVF优胚率有一定的临床意义。     

卵巢低反应患者应用超短方案及微刺激方案促排卵的效果比较

目的 通过分析卵巢低反应患者应用两种促排卵方案的治疗结局,探讨卵巢低反应患者体外受精(IVF)助孕的理想方案.方法 回顾性分析2011年11月至2012年10月我中心低反应患者行超短方案促排卵治疗215周期,微刺激方案69周期,比较其人绒毛膜促性腺激素(HCG)日黄体生成素(LH)值、获卵数,移植日子宫内膜厚度、周期取消率,受精率、优胚率及妊娠率.结果 超短方案获卵数显著高于微刺激方案(4.92±3.49 vs 2.46±2.69,P＜0.001),子宫内膜厚度显著高于微刺激方案(10.05±1.98 vs 8.62±2.42,P＜0.001),周期取消率显著低于微刺激方案(19.07％ vs 68.12％,P＜0.001),妊娠率、正常受精率、优胚率、种植率均无显著差异.结论 与微刺激方案相比,超短方案可减少卵巢低反应患者取卵次数,降低周期取消率,总体也未增加患者经济负担,是卵巢低反应患者更易接受的一种简便有效促排卵方案.     

Urinary bisphenol A concentrations and in vitro fertilization outcomes among women from a fertility clinic

Bisphenol A (BPA) is a widespread environmental endocrine disrupting chemical. Although many animals and in vitro studies reported that BPA may affect female fertility through the effect on maturing oocytes and meiotic cell division, but the data from human studies are limited and inconclusive. The study was conducted to examine the association between urinary BPA concentration and in vitro reproductive outcomes (metaphase II (MII) oocyte yield, top quality embryo, fertilization rate, implantation rate and clinical pregnancy) among women from an infertility clinic.The study participants were enrolled in the Infertility Center in Poland. 450 women aged 24-44 (n = 674 IVF cycles) provided urine samples. The urinary concentrations of BPA were evaluated using validated gas chromatography ion-tap mass spectrometry method. Clinical outcomes of IVF treatment were abstracted from patients electronic chart records. To assess the relationship between urinary BPA concentrations early examined reproductive outcomes generalized linear mixed models were used.The detection rate of BPA in urine samples was 98% and the geometric mean 1.59 ± 2.15 ng/ml. A significant decrease was observed between urinary concentration of BPA and implantation (p = 0.04) and decreased MII oocyte count (p = 0.03). There was no association between other examined IVF outcomes: embryo quality, fertilization rate and clinical pregnancy and BPA exposure.Exposure to BPA may have a negative effect during the early stages of human development. The studies among the larger and more diverse population are needed to confirm the results.     

长方案控制性促排卵过程中晚卵泡期孕酮变化趋势对体外受精-胚胎移植结局的影响

目的:探讨在控制性卵巢刺激(COS)周期中晚卵泡期孕酮(P)水平变化趋势对体外受精-胚胎移植(IVF-ET)结局的影响。方法:回顾分析2013年1月至2014年6月在我中心行IVF-ET长方案助孕治疗的676个周期。按促排卵中晚卵泡期起始日(主导卵泡直径达13mm日)与人绒毛膜促性腺激素(HCG)注射日孕酮水平变化,分为升高趋势组和降低趋势组;按HCG日孕酮水平是否1.0ng/ml将升高趋势组和降低趋势组中新鲜移植周期分别分为A组(P≤1ng/ml)、B组(P1ng/ml)和C组(P≤1ng/ml)、D组(P1ng/ml)。结果:(1)升高趋势组与降低趋势组的卵裂率、优质胚胎率比较,差异有统计学意义(99.65%vs 99.00%,70.57%vs 63.09%;P0.05);(2)A组与B组的临床妊娠率、活产率比较,差异有统计学意义(56%vs 43.00%;50%vs 37.76%,P0.05);C组与D组的临床妊娠率、活产率比较,差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。结论:IVF-ET长方案周期中,COS过程中孕酮变化呈升高趋势的优质胚胎率较降低趋势高;新鲜移植周期,P呈升高趋势时,HCG日P1.0ng/ml,活产率下降;呈降低趋势时,HCG日P水平不影响活产率。     

新建IVF实验室中挥发性有机化合物的浓度变化及其对鼠胚体外发育的影响

目的:探讨新建成的体外受精(IVF)胚胎实验室挥发性有机化合物(volatile organic compound,VOC)的浓度变化及不同浓度VOC环境对小鼠体外受精和胚胎发育的影响,同时比较目前常用的去除实验室内VOC方法的效率。方法:测定胚胎实验室装修后不同时间段的VOC浓度变化,比较不同浓度的VOC对小鼠体外受精率、2-细胞率和囊胚率的影响;比较排风扇抽风机、Coda空气净化器和单纯活性炭包去除室内VOC的效率。结果:装修后第1个月(M1)VOC浓度为384.00 ppb,显著高于对照组(199.00 ppb)(P0.05);装修后第2个月(M2)VOC浓度为279.50 ppb,与对照组相比差异具有统计学意义(P0.05);装修后第3个月(M3)VOC浓度为210.25 ppb,与对照组(206.00 ppb)相比差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。装修后1个月(M1)实验组体外受精率、2-细胞率和囊胚率分别为62.3%、71.5%、72.0%,显著低于对照组(91.8%、92.2%、93.0%),组间差异具有统计学意义(P0.05)。装修后3个月(M3)时受精率、2-细胞率和囊胚率(91.5%、90.7%、91.4%)与对照组(89.8%、90.1%、92.5%)相比差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。Coda空气净化器处理3个月后可去除室内60.15%的VOC,显著高于排风扇抽风(51.88%)和单纯活性炭吸附(28.95%)的去除效率。结论:实验室内高浓度的VOC会对小鼠体外受精胚胎造成严重的胚胎毒性,导致受精率、2-细胞率和囊胚率降低,胚胎质量下降和发育受阻;Coda空气过滤器是一种有效的去除实验室内VOC的方法。     

Controlled ovarian hyperstimulation with sequential letrozole co-treatment in normo/high responders

Objective: To investigate the effect of co-administration of letrozole in an ovarian stimulation protocol using recombinant FSH and GnRH antagonists for ICSI in normo/high responders.

Methods: Computerized data of 320 antagonist ICSI/ET cycles with or without letrozole were retrospectively analyzed. In 105 cases, letrozole (5?mg/day) was started at the second day of the cycle continued for 5 days. At the second day of letrozole, gonadotropins were added. The remaining 215 cases were stimulated with recombinant FSH only. In all cases on day 6, GnRH antagonist was started. Ovarian stimulation protocols with or without letrozole were compared for cycle outcome parameters.

Results: In cycles with letrozole, significantly lower gonadotropin consumption and lower peak estradiol levels were found. In cycles with letrozole, mean number of metaphase II and fertilized oocytes retrieved were significantly higher compared to cycles without letrozole. The pregnancy and clinical pregnancy rates were similar.

Conclusion: Should the number of oocytes retrieved being higher in letrozole group might indicate that letrozole might contribute to successful ovarian stimulation with a lower dosage of gonadotropins. Despite the lower peak estradiol levels, pregnancy rates being similar to other group also support the idea that letrozole can contribute to normal potential of implantation.     

卵巢肿瘤保守性手术后IVF助孕的安全性和有效性

随着卵巢肿瘤筛查的普及和诊治水平的提高,早期诊断和治疗提高了该类患者的生存期以及生活质量,同时也让更多年轻的卵巢肿瘤患者保留了生育的机会。然而,由于手术及放、化疗等原因,部分卵巢肿瘤患者术后常常出现不孕,需要寻求辅助生殖技术助孕治疗。本文结合国内外相关文献及病例报道,对卵巢肿瘤患者术后体外受精(IVF)的时机、方案及安全性和有效性等方面进行总结和综述。     

Microbial contamination of embryo cultures in an ART laboratory: sources and management

BACKGROUND: Although rare, microbial contamination of culture dishes occasionally occurs in our IVF/ICSI programme. Despite stringent culture conditions and the use of medium containing penicillin and streptomycin, an increasing number of infections was observed once they were routinely recorded. In this study, 95 cases of contaminated culture dishes were examined, in an attempt to identify possible causes. METHODS: Relevant data of the IVF/ICSI treatment cycles and the micro-organisms isolated from the infected culture dishes were evaluated retrospectively. RESULTS: Infections were observed only in IVF culture dishes and never after applying intra-cytoplasmic sperm injection. Identification of the contaminating micro-organisms showed that infections were mainly caused by Escherichia coli (n = 56; 58.9%) and Candida species (n = 24; 25.3%). Of the E. coli strains isolated, 41 (73.2%) appeared to be resistant to both antibiotics used in the culture medium and 13 (23.2%) appeared to resist either penicillin or streptomycin. Of all bacterial strains isolated, the resistances were 61.4% to both and 30% to one of the antibiotics used. CONCLUSIONS: Applying the ICSI procedure prevents colonization of the culture dishes by micro-organisms. Infections in IVF culture dishes are mainly caused by bacterial strains insensitive to the antibiotics used or due to yeast colonization by Candida species which frequently reside in the vagina.     

Post-neonatal hospitalization and health care costs among IVF children: a 7-year follow-up study

BACKGROUND: The objective of this study was to evaluate whether the post-neonatal hospitalization and resulting health care costs are increased among in vitro fertilization (IVF) children up to 7 years of age. METHODS: We conducted a population-based cohort study with linkage to a national hospital discharge register including 303 IVF children, born from 1990 to 1995, and 567 control children (1:2) randomly chosen from the Finnish Medical Birth Register and matched for sex, year of birth, area of residence, parity, maternal age and socioeconomic status. The cost calculations were stratified for singleton (n = 152 vs. n = 285) and twin (n = 103 vs. n = 103) status. Main outcome measures were hospitalizations and societal health care costs. RESULTS: The full-sample and singleton analyses showed that IVF children were significantly more frequently admitted to hospital (mean 1.76 vs. 1.07, P < 0.0001; 1.61 vs. 1.07, P = 0.0004, respectively) and spent significantly more days in the hospital (mean 4.31 vs. 2.61, P < 0.0001; 3.47 vs. 2.56, P = 0.0014, respectively) than control children. No differences were detected between IVF and control twins. The costs of post-neonatal hospital care per child were 2.6-fold for IVF singletons, but 0.7-fold for IVF twins when compared with controls. Cost estimation showed 2.6-fold costs for total IVF population in comparison to general population based controls. CONCLUSIONS: The incidence of multiple births increases the utilization of post-neonatal health care services and costs among IVF children in comparison to naturally conceived children. Increased hospitalization and costs were also seen among IVF singletons.     

Soluble MHC Class I chain-related molecule serum levels are predictive markers of implantation failure and successful term pregnancies following IVF

BACKGROUND: Despite ongoing progresses of IVF techniques, biomarkers predicting their outcome prior to IVF initiation are lacking. We investigated whether serum levels of the stress-inducible soluble major histocompatibility complex Class I chain-related molecule, MICA, (sMIC), a regulator of cellular immunity, can be predictive of implantation or pregnancy failure after IVF. METHODS: sMIC serum levels, evaluated during the follicular phase of the cycle preceding in vitro fertilization, in a cohort of 170 infertile women with 22.3% IVF success rate were analyzed in association with implantation/pregnancy failure or live birth outcomes after IVF. RESULTS: sMIC serum levels, detected in 38% of all women undergoing IVF, were shown to be predictive both of implantation failure (> or = 2.45 ng/ml cut off, odds ratio (OR) = 4.6; 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.08 - 19.79; P = 0.031) and successful pregnancy (< 2.45 ng/ml, OR = 13.8; 95% CI = 2.03-118.3; P = 0.002). When successful implantation occurred, sMIC levels > 3.2 ng/ml were predictive of spontaneous abortion (OR = 35; 95% CI = 1.74-703; P = 0.026). CONCLUSIONS: sMIC is thus to be considered as a novel blood biomarker which, when quantified prior to initiation of IVF, anticipates chances for infertile women to give birth to a viable baby. Considering medical and psychological cost of IVF, this non-invasive assay may thus contribute to better counseling, treatment and care of infertile couples prior to IVF.