LY294002对过敏性鼻炎-哮喘综合征大鼠氧自由基、TRPV1神经元敏感性及TSLP表达的影响

目的 研究LY294002对过敏性鼻炎-哮喘综合征(CARAS)大鼠氧自由基、TRPV1神经元敏感性及TSLP表达的影响。方法 将40只大鼠随机分为健康组(健康大鼠常规饲养)、模型组(卵蛋白致敏和鼻部滴注攻击法建立过敏性鼻炎-哮喘综合征大鼠模型)、治疗组(模型+静脉注射LY294002 0.5 mg/kg)、对照组(模型+布地奈德气雾剂)。ELISA与免疫组织化学法检测TSLP表达,黄嘌呤氧化酶法检测SOD,TBA法检测MDA,HE染色观察大鼠肺组织病理形态学变化,免疫荧光检测TRPV1表达,免疫印迹检测NF-кB、IкB蛋白表达。结果 与健康组相比,模型组大鼠支气管及周围产生大量炎性细胞,支气管黏膜水肿、增厚,管腔狭窄,黏液分泌增多;与模型组比较,治疗组与对照组肺组织病理明显有所改善。与健康组相比,模型组TRPV1、MDA、TSLP、NF-кB升高,SOD、IкB降低(P<0.05);与模型组相比,治疗组与对照组TRPV1、MDA、TSLP、NF-кB降低,SOD、IкB升高(P<0.05);治疗组与对照组各指标相比无差异(P>0.05)。结论 通过抑制TRPV1、...     

Neutrophil Oxygen Radical Production by Dialysis Membranes

The ability of different dialysis membranes to activate polymorphonuclearneutrophil oxygen radical production was investigated with chemiluminescence.All the six membranes, namely cuprophan, cellulose acetate,polycarbonate, polysulphone, polyacrilonitrile and polymethylmethacrylatewere able to interact with neutrophils and stimulate their oxygenradical production, the highest responses being seen with polyacrilonitrile,polymethylmethacrylate and polycarbonate. To analyse the roleof complement in this interaction, fresh plasma, heat inactivatedand zymosan-activated plasma were added: with fresh plasma oxygenradical production was stimulated on cuprophan, cellulose acetateand polysulphone, not modified on polycarbonate, and decreasedon polyacrilonitrile and polymethylmethacrylate. With heat-inactivatedplasma, the responses were decreased or abrogated on all themembranes except polycarbonate and polymethylmethacrylate, whereaswith zymosanactivated plasma similar responses to fresh plasmawere observed. In addition, when plasma was used to precoatthe membrane, cuprophan, cellulose acetate and polysulphonedisclosed an enhanced neutrophil oxidative burst, while precoatedpolyacrilonitrile and polymethylmethacrylate were less stimulatorythan uncoated membranes. In contrast the precoating of polycarbonatedid not modify oxygen radical production. These data suggestthat neutrophil activation occurs by direct membrane neutrophilinteraction. Plasmatic factors modulate this interaction butcomplement seems involved on cellulosic and polysulphone membranesonly. Therefore, it appears that oxygen radicals produced fromcontact of neutrophils with the dialysis membrane might playan initial and/or additional role in the events occurring atthe initiation of haemodialysis.     

The effect of human SOD on the survival rate in rats with temporary splanchnic ischemia

The accumulation of oxygen free radicals is reported to occur in the organs subjected to temporary ischemia followed by reperfusion, resulting in the fatal outcome of the animals. The effects of human SOD, a representative scavenger of oxygen free radicals, on the survival rates were investigated in the rats with temporary splanchnic ischemia. The temporary ischemia was induced by the occlusion of anterior mesenteric and celiac arteries for 30min under anesthesia. Prior and after treatment with 2mg/100g of human SOD, iv or sc, produced significant improvements in survival rates. Human SOD, cloned from human placenta DNA and expressed in microorganisms, has extreme homogeneity. The results suggest the possible introduction of human SOD into clinical field as an effective scavenger of oxygen free radicals.(Ogawa R, Bitoh H, Ohi Y: The effect of human SOD on the survival rate in rats with temporary splanchnic ischemia. J Anesth 2: 41–45, 1988)     

目标导向液体治疗对老年腰椎手术患者氧代谢和局部脑氧饱和度的影响

目的 探讨目标导向液体治疗对老年腰椎手术患者组织氧代谢和局部脑氧饱和度的影响。方法 选取2019年1月至2020年1月山西医科大学第二医院老年腰椎手术患者60例,年龄65~80岁,ASA分级II~III级,采用随机数字表法分为干预组和对照组,每组30例,干预组以每搏量变异度（SVV）、心指数（CI）为容量指标行目标导向液体治疗,对照组行常规液体治疗。于麻醉诱导前（T1）、手术开始时（T2）、手术开始后1小时（T3）、手术结束时（T4）、麻醉苏醒后30分钟（T5）,采集两组患者动脉血、中心静脉血行血气分析,记录两组患者总输入量、术中晶体液和胶体液用量、出血量、尿量、低血压出现次数、血红蛋白浓度（Hb）、乳酸含量（Lac）、中心静脉血氧饱和度（ScvO₂）及局部脑氧饱和度（rSO₂）,计算氧摄取率（O₂ER）。结果 与对照组比较,干预组晶体输入量、总液体输入量、尿量、低血压出现次数较低,差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）,干预组患者O₂ER、Lac较低,rSO₂、ScvO₂较高,差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。结论 目标导向液体治疗有利于降低老年腰椎手术患者氧摄取率,维持脑氧供需平衡,改善全身组织氧代谢及微循环。     

高压氧联合湿性愈合治疗大鼠皮肤慢性难愈合溃疡的疗效研究

目的 观察高压氧联合湿性愈合治疗大鼠皮肤慢性难愈合溃疡的疗效。 方法 将60只雄性SD大鼠分为普通治疗组、湿性愈合组、联合治疗组,每组20只。大鼠常规饲养1周后造模,造模前6 h禁食,制成慢性皮肤溃疡模型。普通治疗组大鼠按一般性皮肤溃疡治疗,湿性愈合组大鼠按湿性愈合治疗,联合治疗组大鼠在湿性愈合治疗基础上,辅以6个疗程的高压氧治疗。治疗2个疗程、4个疗程、6个疗程时,计算各组大鼠的创面愈合率,采用组织病理学分析对大鼠皮肤创面的恢复情况进行评定。 结果 与普通治疗组同时间点比较,湿性愈合组和联合治疗组大鼠2个疗程、4个疗程、6个疗程的创面愈合率均较高（P<0.05）。与湿性愈合组同时间点比较,联合治疗组大鼠2个疗程［（51.0±8.7）%］、4个疗程［（75.0±5.6）%］、6个疗程［（88.0±4.4）%］的创面愈合率均较高（P<0.05）。与普通治疗组比较,湿性愈合组和联合治疗组大鼠组织病理学评分较优异（P<0.05）。与湿性愈合组比较,联合治疗组大鼠组织病理学评分较优异（P<0.05）。 结论 单一湿性愈合治疗慢性皮肤溃疡的疗效优于普通治疗,高压氧联合湿性愈合治疗慢性皮肤溃疡的疗效更为优异。     

高压氧预处理通过HIF-1α/VEGF通路减轻大脑缺血再灌注损伤

目的:探讨缺氧诱导因子1α(HIF-1α)/血管内皮生长因子(VEGF)通路在高压氧(HO)预处理减轻缺血再灌注(IR)模型大鼠大脑损伤过程中的作用。方法:选择SPF级健康雄性成年SD大鼠32只,使用随机数字软件将其分为对照组(control组)、IR组、HO-IR组和HO-IR-HIF-1α抑制剂组(HO-IR-I组)。IR模型通过大脑中动脉栓塞法制作,对照组仅分离暴露相应血管。HO-IR组和HO-IR-I组大鼠均在制模前在动物高压舱内进行HO治疗4周(每天1次);HO-IR-I组每天在HO预处理前,经腹腔注射4 mg/kg的HIF-1α抑制剂YC-1[3-(5’-hydroxymethyl-2’-furyl)-1-benzylindazol]。在制作模型第1天和第7天行神经行为学评估,第7天观察结束后麻醉处死大鼠,取脑组织测量梗死体积,Western blot检测HIF-1α/VEGF通路相关蛋白及凋亡相关蛋白Bax和Bcl-2的水平,TUNEL法检测凋亡细胞数。结果:与control组比较,IR组、HO-IR组和HO-IR-I组大鼠的神经功能评分降低,脑梗死体积比例及HIF-1α、VEGF、Bax和Bcl-2的蛋白表达均增加,凋亡细胞数量亦增加(P0.05);与IR组比较;HO-IR组和HO-IR-I组的神经功能评分升高,HIF-1α、VEGF和抑凋亡蛋白Bcl-2表达上调,脑梗死体积比例降低,促凋亡蛋白Bax表达下调,凋亡细胞数量减少(P0.05);与HO-IR组比较,HO-IR-I组的神经功能评分降低,HIF-1α、VEGF和抑凋亡蛋白Bcl-2表达下调,脑梗死体积比例升高,促凋亡蛋白Bax表达上调,凋亡细胞数量增加(P0.05)。结论:HO预处理减轻大脑IR损伤的机制可能与通过诱导HIF-1α/VEGF通路调节凋亡进程有关。     

高压氧治疗急性一氧化碳中毒疗效分析

目的：评价高压氧治疗急性一氧化碳中毒的疗效。方法：对32例急性一氧化碳中毒患者采用高压氧治疗,同时辅以药物治疗。结果：23例患者中20例痊愈,2例显效,1例好转,治疗有效率95．65％,治愈率86．96％。结论：采用高压氧为主治疗急性一氧化碳中毒患者有显著的临床疗效。     

鹤矿集团“11·21”矿难中一氧化碳中毒患者救治分析

目的分析鹤矿集团“11·21”矿难中一氧化碳中毒患者救治,为矿山救护实践提供数据基础。方法147例矿难一氧化碳中毒患者经妥善的院外抢救,积极实施高压氧治疗。结果除2例重症患者仍有精神症状外,其余患者病情稳定,治疗效果显著。结论对群体矿难一氧化碳中毒,及时妥善处置,应用现有资源,采取高压氧治疗,应视为有效救治措施。     

高压氧联合药物治疗带状疱疹后遗神经痛疗效观察

目的探讨治疗带状疱疹后遗神经痛(PHN)有效的方法。方法治疗组56例,采用国产HKO-28型多人空气加压舱于20m in内将舱内压力升至2×105Pa(表压),患者戴面罩吸纯氧20m in,休息5m in,改吸舱内压缩空气,如此重复3次,缓慢减压3m in至正常压力后出舱。1次/d,10次为1个疗程,连续3个疗程(30次)。同时口服维生素B120mg,维生素B12500μg,3次/d,共服30天。双氯芬酸钠75mg,每晚1次(至疼痛缓解可以入睡时停服)。对照组56例单纯服药治疗(同治疗组)。结果治疗组有效率98.21%,对照组为64.29%,两组差异有显著性(P<0.01),治疗组明显优于对照组。两组患者在治疗过程中均未发现不良反应。结论高压氧联合药物治疗PHN能明显改善疼痛症状,治愈率高、无副作用。     

The effect of hyperoxia on the lungs of rats deficient in essential fatty acids

Morphological alterations in the lungs of rats deficient in either or both of vitamin E and essential fatty acids were investigated after exposure to hyperoxia for 48h. In rats deficient in both vitamin E and essential fatty acids, there was damage to type-2 alveolar cells observed as swollen mitochondria and bleb formation in the cytoplasm. None of these changes was found in rats deficient in only one of these substances. Hyperoxia in rats deficient in both substance also caused destruction of the capillary endothelial cells and edema in the interstitium. The lungs of rats deficient in only one of the substances showed some edema in the capillary endothelial cells, but not destruction, and less interstitial edema. These findings suggest that simultaneous deficiency in vitamin E and essential fatty acids facilitates lung damage in rats exposed to hyperoxia.(Murakami R, Obara H, Momota T et al.: The effect of hyperoxia on the lungs of rats deficient in essential fatty acids. J Anesth 3: 149–154, 1989)