兴义维蚋成熟幼虫消化道组织学研究

应用石蜡连续切片技术对兴义维蚋成熟幼虫(具鳃斑)消化道的组织学结构进行研究。其消化道由前肠、中肠和后肠等3部分组成。前肠分为咽、食道和前胃,口内侧上方内陷形成一对形状不规则的上唇腺,咽前段存在骨化食窦,食道内陷形成套管样前胃。中肠以4个大型胃盲囊为起点,根据肠壁细胞形态差异分为3个区域。后肠由幽门、回肠和直肠组成,回肠与直肠结构差异明显。4条马氏管从中肠与后肠的分界处分出。纺织腺形态特异。     

Anatomical and histological morphometry of the sural nerve in human fetuses

Introduction

In our study, the aim was to anatomically and histologically investigate the morphometric structures of the branches involved in the sural nerve and sural nerve formation.

聚乳酸螺钉对骨折愈合影响的实验研究

本实验旨在研究一种自制PDLLA螺钉对骨折愈合的影响。用自制粘均分子量达 43× 10 4 的PDLLA螺钉内固定治疗 8只犬股骨外髁骨折 ,并以金属螺钉固定为对照。动物术后 2、4、8、12周处死 ,观察骨组织愈合影响的光镜和扫描电镜表现。光镜示两组骨折 2周时形成大量纤维性骨痂 ,12周时都已顺利愈合 ,实验组成骨过程明显较对照组缓慢 ,但成骨活动正常。扫描电镜示两组胶原纤维都排列规则 ,12周时顺利钙化成骨 ,实验组 12周时见大小不等 ,高电子密度颗粒。因而临床上应当适用于血供丰富部位骨折。     

The Tensor Tympani Tendon: A Hypothetical Site of Origin of Congenital Cholesteatoma

Multiple theories have been discussed about the etiopathogenesis of congenital middle ear cholesteatoma (CMEC) and its specific site of origin. The intraoperative identification of the precise location of the keratinous mass is important to guarantee its complete removal, in order to reduce the risk of recurrence. This study proposes the tensor tympani tendon (TTT) as a possible site of origin of CMEC. All CMECs treated between 2013 and 2019 were reviewed. Only Potsic stage I lesions were included. Preoperative radiologic images were compared to intraoperative findings. Three removed TTT were sent for histologic evaluation. Seven patients were included (M:F = 3:4). Preoperative CT images were classified as type A in 2 cases (28.6%) and type B in 5 cases (71.4%). At intraoperative evaluation all CMEC sacs were found pedunculated on the TTT. The histologic examinations confirmed the connection between the cholesteatomatous sac and the TTT. According to the correlation of imaging, intraoperative findings and histology, we proposed that the TTT could be the primary site from which CMEC originates.     

丹参与骨碎补注射液防治激素诱发股骨头坏死的实验研究

目的探讨丹参和骨碎补对激素性股骨头坏死的防治机理及其交互作用.方法选用家兔50只,随机分成五组:模型组、丹参组、骨碎补组、丹参 骨碎补组、对照组.8周后观察五组家兔血液流变学、脂代谢、股骨头组织学等指标的改变.结果与对照组相比,模型组股骨头疏松,易于凿切,血液粘度和血脂升高,骨小梁变细、稀疏,空骨陷窝率增高,髓腔脂肪细胞增多;而其余各组上述病变有不同程度的减轻,其中以丹参 骨碎补组病理改变最轻.结论①丹参、骨碎补均能预防激素所致的高粘滞血症和高脂血症;②骨碎补能提高血钙血磷,激活成骨细胞,提高股骨头的骨密度,能预防激素性骨质疏松;③两药在预防SANFH方面有协同作用.     

Histologic findings of disc, end plate and neural elements after coblation of nucleus pulposus: an experimental nucleoplasty study

BACKGROUND CONTEXT: Partial removal of the nucleus has been shown to decompress herniated discs, relieving pressure on nerve roots and, in some cases, offering relief from disc pain. The nucleoplasty technique builds on earlier surgical approaches that helped validate the strategy of intranuclear tissue removal. Nucleoplasty, a new minimally invasive procedure using patented coblation technology, combines coagulation and ablation for partial removal of the nucleus pulposus to decompress the disc. PURPOSE: To determine if histologic changes of the intervertebral discs and surrounding tissues occur after nucleoplasty. STUDY DESIGN: A light microscopic study of intervertebral disc and adjacent neural tissues after disc decompression by nucleoplasty in pig cadavers. METHODS: Light microscopy was used to examine disc and neural tissues in two pig cadaveric specimens (T12 to sacrum). Nucleoplasty was performed by 1) advancing a radiofrequency wand to a predetermined depth in the disc (ablation), and 2) withdrawing the wand to the starting point (coagulation). Discs and adjacent tissues were removed from treated and nontreated segments, and examined under light microscopy. RESULTS: Histologic examination revealed no evidence of direct mechanical or thermal damage to the surrounding tissues. There was clear evidence of coblation channels with clean coagulation borders of the nucleus pulposus. Normal histologic findings of the annulus and end plate, with normal neural elements of the spinal cord and nerve roots at the level of the procedure, were observed. CONCLUSIONS: The histologic findings of this study suggest that the nucleoplasty achieves volumetric removal of target disc tissue without overt thermal or structural damage to the adjacent tissues. Further studies in live animals will be needed to assess the effects of nucleoplasty on the annulus, end plate and neural tissues under physiologic conditions, including assessment of cell viability.     

兔异体冻干跟腱移植重建前交叉韧带后胶原表型的变化

目的 观察兔异体冻干跟腱重建前交叉韧带(ACL)后移植物Ⅰ型及Ⅲ型胶原的表达.方法 应用兔异体冻干跟腱重建ACL,手术后3、12、26、52周取移植物,行组织学观察,并应用免疫荧光共聚焦技术(CLSM)检测移植物Ⅰ型及Ⅲ型胶原表达的平均荧光值.结果 术后52周,异体移植物组织形态与正常ACL基本一致;正常ACL细胞周围主要表达I型胶原(57.10±5.04),几乎不表达Ⅲ型胶原(6.09±1.34);术后3周,移植物Ⅲ型胶原阳性表达开始增加,12～26周达到高峰,移植后52周仍有Ⅲ型胶原阳性表达(13.17±2.26),与ACL比较差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05);术后3周,移植物Ⅰ型阳性表达开始减少,12周后逐渐增加,52周Ⅰ型胶原阳性表达(52.69±2.76)仍与正常ACL比较差异有统计学意义(P＜0.01).结论 异体跟腱重建ACL后,重建后移植物组织形态与正常ACL基本一致,但移植物胶原基质组成与正常ACL存在明显差异.     

研究缺血对失神经支配骨骼肌萎缩的影响

目的　研究缺血对失神经支配骨骼肌萎缩的影响。方法　选用 SD大鼠 2 4只 ,建立右下肢缺血加腓肠肌失神经支配的动物模型 (实验组 ) ,左侧为对照组。术后 2、4周取双侧腓肠肌 ,另取 6只正常大鼠腓肠肌作正常对照 ,观察组织学、肌电图及酶组织化学的变化。结果　术后 2、4周 ,实验组肌细胞直径比正常对照组减少 5 1.1%和 6 3.6 % (t =2 .94,P <0 .0 5 ) ,截面积减少 5 3.6 %和 6 2 .0 % (t =2 .88,P <0 .0 5 )。实验组肌细胞线粒体呈空泡状、数量减少 ;肌质网明显扩张退变。肌肉出现纤颤电位 ,和对照组比 ,其波幅无明显差异 (t=2 .11,P<0 .0 5 )。术后 2周实验组的 Na,K- ATP酶活性比正常对照组增高 74.6 % ,术后 4周则下降至对照组的 88.0 % (t=7.6 4,2 .2 4,P<0 .0 1、<0 .0 5 )。术后2周 Ca- ATP酶活性比正常对照组下降 2 8.32 % ,术后 4周下降至 35 .8% (t=2 .98、2 .2 1,P<0 .0 5 )。结论　缺血可加速失神经支配肌肉萎缩的发生与发展     

髋关节骨性关节炎组织学计量与炎性因子表达

目的 探讨骨性关节炎各组织成分中细胞冈子、金属基质蛋白酶等炎性物质表达水平与疾病的关系.方法 获取行OA组关节置换及创伤性股骨颈骨折组患者手术时的软骨、滑膜组织和软骨下骨,苏木素-伊红(HE)染色行软骨下骨组织形态计量分析,应用放射免疫测定肿瘤坏死因子(TNF)-α与门细胞介素(IL)-1β,以酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA)测金属基质蛋白酶(MMP)-9蛋白表达水平,并将两组结果进行t检验,软骨下骨组织计量值与细胞因子水平进行相关分析.结果 OA组较非OA对照组软骨下骨骨形成增加,骨质硬化骨小梁数目增加并错乱;滑膜组织中MMP-9表达是调;软骨组织中MMP-9及IL-1 β较对照组提高;而在软骨下骨,MMP-9、TNF-α及IL-β均有增高,并且与软骨下骨组织学改变相关联.结论 证实了OA促炎症条件的病理学基础,并且炎性改变与软骨硬化及关节软骨退变相关.     

项韧带骨化相关因素及其组织学变化

目的：探讨脊髓型颈椎病患者项韧带骨化的相关因素及其组织学改变特点.方法：将45例脊髓型颈椎病患者根据项韧带有无骨化分为两组,观察并统计两组患者的年龄、性别组成、颈椎椎间退变和颈椎稳定性情况,对各指标与项韧带骨化的关系进行相关性分析,同时观察项韧带骨化的组织学改变.结果：统计分析表明,项韧带骨化和颈椎椎间退行性改变及颈椎不稳定之间具有相关性（P＜0.05）;同时还与患者年龄、性别组成有相关性（P＜0.05）.项韧带骨化的组织学改变以软骨内化骨为主.结论：项韧带骨化与颈椎退行性改变及颈椎椎间关节不稳定具有相关性,组织学改变以软骨内化骨为主.