The Added Value of SARC-F to Prescreening Using FRAX for Hip Fracture Prevention in Older Community Adults

Objectives

To examine the potential added value of a simple 5-item questionnaire for sarcopenia screening (SARC-F) to the Fracture Risk Assessment Tool (FRAX) for hip fracture risk prediction, in order to identify at-risk older adults for screening with dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (DXA).

关节镜下Twin Tail TightRope带袢钛板Y型固定治疗急性RockwoodⅢb型以上肩锁关节脱位的早期疗效

目的评价Twin Tail TightRope带袢钛板Y型固定术治疗急性肩锁关节脱位的早期临床疗效。 方法回顾性分析2015年6月至2017年6月昆明市第一人民医院采用Twin Tail TightRope带袢钛板内固定系统在关节镜下行Y型固定治疗急性肩锁关节脱位患者共16例。采用视觉模拟评分法（visual analogue scale，VAS）及Constant-Murley评分评估手术效果。 结果所有患者获得随访，随访时间3~12个月，平均（6.48±1.51）个月。术后无血管、神经损伤及切口感染，末次随访时均未发生复位丢失、锁骨应力性骨折、喙突切割等并发症。末次随访时VAS评分（0.36±0.04）分较术前（7.46±1.24）分降低，Constant-Murley评分（90.07±3.13）分较术前（46.13±3.25）分提高。 结论采用Twin Tail TightRope带袢钛板Y型固定术治疗急性肩锁关节脱位可有效解决术后水平、前后方向不稳定问题，此技术具有较低的锁骨、喙突骨折发生率，关节镜下操作可以减少手术损伤、提高精准度。     

切开复位动力髋加抗旋螺钉治疗粗隆间粉碎性骨折体会

目的：探讨动力髋加压螺钉（ dynamic hip screw,DHS）结合单枚防旋螺钉治疗股骨粗隆间骨折的疗效。方法：采用切开复位动力髋螺钉加单枚防旋螺钉治疗60例股骨粗隆间骨折,术后常规抗感染、抗凝等处理。结果：随访60例患者,均无并发症发生,无畸形愈合,无断钉及螺钉切割。结论：动力髋加单枚防旋螺钉仍是治疗股骨粗隆间骨折一种较好的方法,尤其适合基层医院。     

肩锁关节钢板治疗肩锁关节脱位临床探讨

目的：对肩锁关节脱位采用钢板治疗的临床效果进行分析研究。方法该院于2012年5月-2014年5月共收治128例肩锁关节脱位患者,将其作为研究对象并分为观察组和对照组两组,每组64例。对照组患者以肩锁关节张力带的方式予以治疗,观察组以肩锁关节钢板治疗,比较两组患者的治疗效果。结果观察组患者的治疗效果更好,治愈患者62例,治疗有效率为96.88%,对照组治愈患者37例,治疗有效率为57.81%,差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）;且观察组患者的术后并发症发生率明显低于对照组,差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。结论临床上治疗肩锁关节脱位,采用肩锁关节钢板治疗能够取得更加显著的效果,可以提高患者的治愈率,减少划着术后并发症的发生,更容易得到临床患者的接受和认可,值得在临床上推广使用。     

229例婴儿超声波髋关节检查股骨头骨化中心出现的相关因素分析

目的:探讨229例婴儿超声波髋关节检查婴儿股骨头骨化中心出现早晚的相关因素分析.方法:对上海市长宁区妇幼保健院2013年10月～2014年11月出生的229例婴儿超声波髋关节B超检查,其中94例产后体检髋关节即出现股骨头骨化中心及135例产后体检髋关节未出现骨化中心的婴儿设立对照组进行相关因素分析.结果:超声波髋关节检查中婴儿性别与髋关节股骨头骨化中心出现早晚差异有统计学意义(P＜0.01),母孕期及婴儿期补钙情况与髋关节内骨化中心出现的早晚差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05),婴儿喂养方式与髋关节股骨头骨化中心出现早晚的差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05),母亲产后体检血25羟维生素D3、血微量元素血钙值、骨密度值与髋关节内骨化中心出现早晚的差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05).结论:婴儿髋关节股骨头骨化中心在4～6月龄中胎龄越大的婴儿出现越早,女婴髋关节股骨头骨化中心比男婴出现的早.补钙及母亲缺钙情况不能反映婴儿髋关节股骨头骨化中心出现的早与晚.     

髋关节X线测量指标在评价脑瘫患儿髋关节半脱位中的应用

目的：探讨髋关节X线片测量指标与脑瘫患儿髋关节发育的相关性,评价其在该类疾病所致髋关节半脱位中的价值与作用。方法回顾性分析2012年5月—2014年5月在我中心检查治疗的60名脑瘫患儿骨盆平片中的120个髋关节,测量其骨结构的X线指标,包括：髋臼指数（acetabular index,AI）、股骨头偏移百分比（migrarion percentage,MP）、颈干角（neck-shaft angle,NSA）。结果 AI （21.05±3.83）°、MP （18.05±13.74）%、NSA（150.54±8.41）°。结论大部分脑瘫患儿存在髋关节骨骼发育异常,并导致髋关节半脱位改变。股骨头偏移百分比测量可以较客观地反映髋关节半脱位情况及其严重程度,具有较高的临床实用价值。     

术前疼痛病程对关节置换手术术后早期认知功能的影响

目的探讨术前疼痛病程对术后早期认知功能的影响。方法择期全麻下行单侧全髋关节置换老年患者70例,按术前疼痛持续时间分为2组:A组(<3个月)35例,B组(≥3个月)35例。麻醉诱导均采用咪达唑仑、舒芬太尼、依托咪酯、顺式阿曲库铵静脉注射,气管插管后静吸复合维持麻醉。分别于术前1 d、术后24 h、术后72 h进行VAS评分和简易智能评价量表(M M SE)评分。术后M M SE评分较术前降低2分以上,则认为发生术后认知功能障碍(POCD)。结果各时点两组患者VAS评分比较差异无统计学意义。术后24 h POCD发生率A组为21.2%,B组为48.6%,两组比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。术后72 h POCD发生率A组为18.2%,B组为31.4%,两组比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论术前存在慢性疼痛的髋关节置换患者(疼痛病程≥3个月),POCD发生率更高。     

Long term inhibition of hip joint damage under tumor necrosis factor-alpha inhibitors in spondyloarthritis

The aim of this study was to assess the impact of long-term treatment with TNF blockers on the radiographic progression of hip disease in spondyloarthritis (SpA).This retrospective multicentric cohort study included 2 groups of patients with SpA and hip involvement. Patients of group 1 were treated with anti-TNF alpha for at least 2 years, whereas those of group 2 were anti-TNF-naïve patients. Clinical, laboratory and radiologic parameters were assessed at baseline and after at least 2 years.Groups 1 and 2 included respectively 48 and 46 patients. The radiological features of hip disease were comparable between the two groups at baseline. The second evaluation was performed after an average duration of 4.1 ± 2.9 years [2–10] in group 1 and 4.8 ± 2.1 years [2–14] in group 2 (p = 0.116). The absence of hip structural damage was more frequently found in group 1 (72 hips vs 52, p < 0.0001, odds ratio [OR] = 4.7, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 2.1–10.4). The better outcome in group 1 remained significant even after adjusting for BASDAI (p < 0.05, (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] = 3.3, 95% CI = 1.2–9.2), BASFI (p < 0.0001, aOR = 3.1, 95% CI = 1.1–8.9), and CRP (p < 0.01, aOR = 4.2, 95% CI = 1.8–9.8).Our finding suggests that anti-TNF therapy may inhibit hip joint damage in patients with SpA.     

Consequences of exposure to peri-articular injections of micro- and nano-particulate cobalt–chromium alloy

Metal hip replacements generate both metal particles and ions. The biological effects of peri-articular exposure to nanometre and micron sized cobalt chrome (CoCr) wear particles were investigated in a mouse model. Mice received injections of two clinically relevant doses of nanoparticles (32 nm), one of micron sized (2.9 μm) CoCr particles or vehicle alone into the right knee joint at 0, 6, 12 and 18 weeks. Mice were analysed for genotoxic and immunological effects 1, 4 and 40 weeks post exposure. Nanoparticles but not micron particles progressively corroded at the injection site. Micron sized particles were physically removed. No increase of Co or Cr was seen in peripheral blood between 1 and 40 weeks post exposure to particles. No significant inflammatory changes were observed in the knee tissues including ALVAL or necrosis. DNA damage was increased in bone marrow at one and forty weeks and in cells isolated from frontal cortex at 40 weeks after injection with nanoparticles. Mice exposed to the micron sized, but not nanoparticles became immunologically sensitized to Cr(III), Cr (VI) and Ni(II) over the 40 week period as determined by lymphocyte transformation and ELISpot (IFN-γ and IL-2) assays. The data indicated that the response to the micron sized particles was Th1 driven, indicative of type IV hypersensitivity. This study adds to understanding of the potential adverse biological reactions to metal wear products.     

Systematic review and meta-analysis of bearing dislocation in lateral meniscal bearing unicompartmental knee replacement: Domed versus flat tibial surface

BackgroundBearing dislocation is a problem following mobile bearing Oxford lateral Unicompartmental Knee Replacement (UKR). Therefore, the design of the tibial component was changed from a flat tibial surface to a domed tibial surface with a biconcave bearing to increase bearing entrapment. This systematic review compared the dislocation and revision rates of the two designs.MethodsTwo authors independently searched MEDLINE, EMBASE and ISI Web of Science, reference lists of retrieved articles, and the internet. Randomised, cohort, case-control and case studies of adult patients with lateral knee osteoarthritis treated with flat or domed Oxford lateral UKR and their outcomes were included. The overall dislocation rate and the annual revision rate (per 100 component years) were determined.ResultsNine studies (937 knees) met the inclusion criteria (3 flat, 6 domed). Four studies (all domed) had a low risk of bias and five had a high risk (3 flat, 2 domed), so data should be interpreted with caution. The bearing dislocation rate decreased from 17% (flat) to 3.7% (domed). Dislocations occurred on average at 16 months and medial dislocations were most common. The revision rate excluding dislocation decreased from 1.1%pa to 0.7%pa. PROSPERO registration: CRD42019139250.ConclusionModifying the tibial component from a flat to a domed shape decreased the bearing dislocation rate to 3.7% and increased the 10 year survival rate excluding dislocation to 93%. The dislocation rate is still relatively high so bearing stability should be assessed intra-operatively and if unacceptable, a fixed bearing version of the Oxford lateral tibial component can be inserted.