High-Intensity Interval and Resistance Training Improve Health Outcomes in Older Adults With Coronary Disease

ObjectiveBoth high-intensity interval training (HIIT) and resistance exercises (R) are used in cardiac rehabilitation in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD). However, the combined effect of an HIIT + R exercise program in older adults with CAD is not well investigated. The study's purpose was to assess the changes in anthropometric parameters, physical activity, functional capacity, physiological parameters, and quality of life (QoL) in this population following a combined HIIT + R program.DesignThe study was a 2-group (n = 45 each) randomized controlled single-blinded trial.Setting and ParticipantsThe study was done at a treatment clinic of a tertiary hospital. The mean age of participants was 69.23 ± 4.9 years. The HIIT + R group performed 8 sessions (1/wk) of HIIT + R training. The 30 minutes of the active exercise phase consisted of ten 3-minute bouts. Each bout comprised of 1 minute of high-intensity treadmill walking at 85% to 90% maximum heart rate (MHR), followed by a low-intensity walking at 60%-70% MHR, followed by low-to moderate-intensity resistance training. The Usual Care group underwent conventional medical treatment.MeasuresAnthropometric measurements [weight, body mass index (BMI), waist circumference, body fat percentage, lean body mass], physical activity (International Physical Activity Questionnaire), functional capacity (Incremental Shuttle Walking Test), physiologic measurements (blood pressure, heart rate), and QoL (36-Item Short Form Health Survey) were measured pre- and postintervention.ResultsSignificant group and time interaction were found for the participants in the HIIT + R Group for BMI (P = .001), body fat percentage (P = .001), waist circumference (P < .001), physical activity (P < .001), functional capacity (P < .001), and QoL (P = .001) compared with the UC Group. Significant improvement in systolic blood pressure (P = .001) was seen in the HIIT + R group.Conclusions and ImplicationsA combined HIIT + R training protocol in older adults with CAD can be useful in producing desired health outcomes. Further evaluation of longer duration exercise programs with more frequent dosing needs to be evaluated for their benefits and sustainability.     

Association of feces sign with prognosis of non-emergency adhesive small bowel obstruction

Background/Objective: The feces sign has been reported as a possible predictive factor for non-operative treatment of small bowel obstruction. However, its relationship with prognosis of non-emergency adhesive small bowel obstruction remains unclear. This study aimed to clarify the relationship between the feces sign and prognosis of non-emergency adhesive small bowel obstruction.MethodsNinety-two patients with non-emergency adhesive small bowel obstruction with the transitional zone visible on computed tomography were included. Patients were categorized into two groups: feces sign positive (n = 40) and negative (n = 52). Clinical features and prognosis were compared between the two groups. Cox proportional hazards regression models incorporating the feces sign were used to analyze odds of diet resumption and discharge.ResultsPatients with feces sign were younger (p = 0.015), had a higher body mass index (p = 0.027), and a lower white blood cell count (p = 0.019) on admission. More patients with feces sign were successfully treated with fasting and/or nasogastric tube placement (p < 0.001), and no patient with feces sign suffered from recurrent obstruction after diet resumption. Kaplan–Meier analysis showed that patients with feces sign took less time for diet resumption (p = 0.007) and discharge (p = 0.004) than those without it. Using Cox proportional hazards regression model, the feces sign was reported as an independent predictor of diet resumption (odds ratio 1.685, p = 0.018) and discharge (odds ratio 1.861, p = 0.007).ConclusionsThe feces sign is associated with improved odds for diet resumption and discharge.     

兔急性心肌缺血时心肌非缺血区的电生理学变化

本研究通过结扎家免在位心脏冠状动脉左室支造成急性心肌缺血。结果显示不仅缺血区心肌有明显的电生理变化，在非缺血区亦有电生理变化，后者主要表现为广泛的非缺血区域有效不应期（ERP）呈普遍轻度延长，与缺血边缘带共同形成一个不应期离散和跃变带。这种电生理紊乱易于诱发折反性心律失常的产生。升高循环血中几条酚胺浓度并不能模拟非缺血区的电生理变化。刺激连走神经外周瑞虽可使自然心律情况下的ERP延长，但却不能使固定心律情况下的ERP延长。提示非缺血区的电生理学变化并非由于心肌缺血时交感或迷走神经张力增高所致，而可能有其它原因。     

交叉排列结扎术治疗环状混合痔

探讨环状混合痔的手术治疗方法。方法：采用交叉排列结扎术并尽量保留肛管移行区（ＡＴＺ）治疗环状混合痔,选择１６例进行式探讨及疗效观察。肛门麻醉后用胃幽门螺杆菌美蓝「（ＨＰ）ＭＢ」染色液对肛缘至齿线上５．０ｃｍ处染色,ＡＴＺ呈淡蓝色,直肠粘膜深蓝色,肛管皮肤不染色。对内外痔各分为３－５个部位交叉排列式贯穿结扎,结扎点在不同平面上,术中尽量保留淡蓝色的ＡＴＺ,使痔结扎点是保保留的粘膜桥与皮桥呈网状。结果     

Fos expression in the medullary visceral zone following transient decrease of blood pressure in rats under simulated weightlessness

Orthostatic intolerance is one of the main problemsafter spaceflight, which pose serious hazards tocrewmembers when re-entry and emergency egressionand affect the capacity to re-adapt to iG environment.The basic mechanism of postilight orthostatic intolerance has not been fully elucidated until nowll]. Besidesdecreased blood volume, other factors such as centralintegration, neurohumoral modulation and cardiovascular changes may also be involved[2]. Zhang et al havereported the reduced contract…     

大鼠脑出血后延髓内脏带内儿茶酚胺能神经元的Fos表达

目的 观察大鼠脑出血后延髓内脏带儿茶酚胺能神经元的Ｆｏｓ表达。方法 尾壳核局部注射胶原酶制作脑出血模型,用抗Ｆｏｓ蛋白和抗酪氨酸羟化酶（ＴＨ）的双重免疫组织化学方法（ＡＢＣ法）,观察延髓内脏带内Ｆｏｓ蛋白表达及其与ＴＨ阳性神经元的共存。结果 有大量的Ｆｏｓ阳性细胞出现在延髓内,它们主要局限在延髓内脏带内,并以孤束核（ＮＴＳ）与延髓腹外侧区（ＶＬＭ）较为密集。ＮＴＳ和ＶＬＭ内Ｆｏｓ／ＴＨ双标细胞占Ｔ     

Problems related to dorsal root entry zone lesions

Summary Several clinical problems related to the dorsal root entry zone lesions (DREZLs) in 15 patients with chronic pain are presented and discussed in terms of ratings of pain relief following surgery, development of sensory or motor weakness and postmortem histologies. Subjective pain relief exceeding 70% was achieved at around 2 weeks after the operations in most patients (13/15), and then decreased in some to 30 from 70% in the follow-up observations. Our new objective pain relief score was tested in these patients. A significant positive correlation between subjective pain relief and our objective pain relief scale was found, but some discrepancies between them were also found during the follow-up. Sensory loss, motor weakness, paraesthesia and a new pain were found as complications in 12, 7, 4 and 6 patients, respectively. Postmortem histological findings of the spinal cord in two patients with systemic lupus erythematosus and uterine cancer, who received bilateral DREZLs twice and bilateral DREZLs plus commissural myelotomy, respectively, indicate that care should be taken to avoid extension of the coagulation beyond the dorsal horn.     

论提高粗纱牵伸质量问题(Ⅰ)——牵伸型式、牵伸部件与牵伸质量

文中主要讨论了“D”型牵伸的结构特点,同时分析了“牵伸区不集束、集束区不牵伸”的优越性。其次,对牵伸罗拉的表面结构和扭矩及其与提高粗纱牵伸质量之间的关系作了阐述。最后说明采用小模数牵伸齿轮的优点。     

特区经济学的理论前提

实行特殊政策和实施特殊管理体制是世界经济特区共有的基本特征。正是这两个基本特征构成了特区经济学的两个理论前提。对经济特区实行特殊政策和实施特殊管理体制进行理论分析 ,目的在于为构筑特区经济学的理论体系作理论上的准备