针刀治疗浅表性胃炎的临床随机对照观察

目的：探讨针刀对浅表性胃炎的治疗效果。方法：将60例浅表性胃炎的患者按区组随机法随机分为针刀治疗组和常规药物对照组，分别进行针刀和药物治疗，治疗前、后分别按《中医病症诊断疗效标准》和《中药新药临床研究指导原则》评分，并对测评结果进行统计学分析。结果：经针刀疗法治疗后，临床症状计分值明显下降，治疗前后对比有明显的差异，P〈0．01，说明针刀疗法有良好的改善临床症状的作用，并明显优于常规药物对照组。结论：对于浅表性胃炎施针刀疗法显著优于常规药物治疗组。     

电针对帕金森病大鼠室管膜下区细胞增殖和胶质原纤维酸性蛋白表达的影响

目的:观察电针对帕金森病(PD)大鼠室管膜下区(SVZ)神经干细胞的影响。方法:SD大鼠随机分为正常对照组(6只)、模型组(6只)和电针组(6只)。右侧前脑内侧束注射六羟基多巴胺制备PD模型。电针组于造模1周开始高频(100Hz)电针"合谷"太冲"穴,每次30min,每日1次,连续电针21d。以酪氨酸羟化酶(TH)、抗增殖细胞核抗原(PCNA)以及胶质原纤维酸性蛋白(GFAP)抗体免疫组化阳性分别显示SVZ多巴胺能神经末梢、分裂细胞和神经干细胞。结果:正常对照组右侧纹状体有较强的TH表达,而模型组和电针组的表达均几乎为零;模型组右侧SVZ的PCNA免疫反应阳性细胞数和表达量均显著低于正常对照组(P<0.01),电针组较模型组均显著增高(P<0.01);模型组右侧SVZ的GFAP表达水平显著低于正常对照组(P<0.01),电针组较模型组显著增高(P<0.05)。结论:电针可不通过增加TH表达而逆转PD大鼠损伤侧SVZ的PCNA和GFAP表达减少,提示其改善PD临床症状的可能机制。     

Effect of H2S Corrosion on the Fracture Toughness of the X80 Pipeline Steel Welded Joint

To analyze the causes and mechanisms affecting the fracture toughness of X80 pipeline steel welded joints against H₂S, the fracture toughness of different zones of X80 pipeline steel welded joints in both air and saturated H₂S solution was investigated. The fracture toughness of welded joints degraded significantly in the saturated H₂S solution, where the crack tip opening displacement (CTOD) characteristic value in the coarse grain heat-affected zone (CGHAZ) and weld metal (WM) was only 8% and 12% of that in air, respectively. However, the sub-critical grain heat-affected zone (SCHAZ) showed better resistance to H₂S corrosion, with the CTOD characteristic value reaching 42% of that in air. The resistance of the welded joint to H₂S corrosion was sensitive to microstructures. The grain boundary ferrite (GBF) presented in WM, and the angle of grain boundary orientation in CGHAZ was not conducive to hindering crack propagation. Moreover, the formation of the resultant hydrogen cracks owing to the H₂S corrosion also reduced the fracture toughness of the welded joint.     

Application of Iron Tailings-Based Composite Supplementary Cementitious Materials (SCMs) in Green Concrete

How to treat the iron tailings of mining solid waste with high value is an urgent problem on a global scale. In recent years, the application of iron tailings in the building materials industry has attracted the attention of many scholars. The conversion of iron tailings into green building materials helps achieve carbon neutrality and high-value utilization of solid waste, and promotes sustainable development. Although iron tailings have been extensively studied as supplementary cementitious materials, the performance of concrete is not ideal due to its low activity. In this study, the hybrid supplementary cementitious materials system was prepared by iron tailings, phosphorus slag, and steel slag, and the effects of supplementary cementitious materials type, iron tailings content, iron tailings grinding time, and supplementary cementitious materials content on concrete performance were studied. The compressive properties, iron tailings properties, pore structure, interfacial transition zone, and element distribution of hydration products of concrete were tested by compressive strength tests, X-ray Diffractometer (XRD), X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS), Mercury Intrusion Porosimetry (MIP), Backscattering Electron Tests (BSE), and Energy Dispersive Spectrometer (EDS). The results show that further grinding improves the iron tailings activity. There is a synergistic mechanism between steel slag and phosphorus slag in the composite supplementary cementitious materials, which overcomes the low activity defect of iron tailings and produces concrete with a compressive strength exceeding 40 MPa. The composite supplementary cementitious materials can optimize the interfacial transition zone of the concrete interface and reduce the calcium–silicon ratio of the hydration products. However, it will deteriorate the pore structure of the concrete matrix, cause part of the concrete matrix to be damaged and lead to a loss of compressive strength, and the loss is acceptable. This work broadens the methods of comprehensive utilization of iron tailings and also provides a reference for a more detailed understanding of the properties of iron tailings-based concrete.     

Substituting Resistance Spot Welding with Flexible Laser Spot Welding to Join Ultra-Thin Foil of Inconel 718 to Thick 410 Steel

This paper investigated various aspects of replacing existing micro-resistance spot welding (micro-RSW) with micro-laser spot welding for joining Inconel 718 thin foils to thick 410 steel stack-up to allow faster, non-contact joining together with flexibility in spot positioning and removal of tip dressing required for RSW electrodes. The joint quality was evaluated based on the mechanical strength, microstructural characteristics and joint strength at elevated temperature as these joints are often used for high-temperature applications. Experimental investigations were performed using micro-RSW and micro-laser spot welding to obtain the 90° peel and lap shear specimens, each comprising four spots. The obtained strength from laser joints was significantly higher than that of micro-RSW joints due to larger weld nugget formation and interface width. The process map for obtaining good quality welds was also identified, and about a 17% reduction in joint strength was obtained when welded specimens were subjected to elevated temperature (i.e., 500 °C) in comparison with room temperature. This reduction was compensated for using the flexibility of laser welding to add two extra spots. The overall performance of the micro-laser spot welds was found to be better than the micro-RSW considering joint strength, flexibility in placing the spots and time to produce the welds.     

Degradation Mechanism and Numerical Simulation of Pervious Concrete under Salt Freezing-Thawing Cycle

In order to explore the occurrence area of pervious concrete freeze-thaw deterioration, the mass loss, strength deterioration, ultrasonic longitudinal wave velocity and dynamic elastic modulus attenuation of pervious concrete under freeze-thaw cycles were measured, and a prediction model of freeze-thaw damage was established. The mechanical properties of hardened cement pastes with the same W/C ratio under freeze-thaw cycles were also measured. Mercury intrusion porosimetry (MIP) was used to measure the pore structure characteristic parameters and pore size distribution changes of cement paste under freeze-thaw cycle, and the microstructure evolution of interfacial transition zone (ITZ) of paste and aggregate was observed by SEM scanning electron microscopy. Finally, a pervious concrete model was established by DEM to analyze the relationship between the number of freeze-thaw cycles and the mesoscopic parameters. The results indicated that the quality, strength and dynamic elastic modulus of pervious concrete deteriorate to different degrees under the conditions of water freezing and salt freezing. The damage sensitivity and strength loss of freeze-thaw damage is greater than the dynamic elastic modulus loss, which is greater than mass loss. In the pervious concrete paste which underwent 100 freeze-thaw cycles, the pore structure and macro strength had no obvious change, and hardened paste and the aggregate-interface-generated defects increased with the increase in freezing and thawing times, indicating that the deterioration of pervious concrete performance under freeze-thaw cycles was closely related to the deterioration of the interface strength of the aggregate and hardened paste. The pervious concrete model established by DEM can accurately simulate the change of the compressive modulus and the strength of pervious concrete during freeze-thaw cycles.     

A Comparison of Acoustic Cavitation Detection Thresholds Measured with Piezo-electric and Fiber-optic Hydrophone Sensors

A Fabry-Perot interferometer fiber-optic hydrophone (FOH) was investigated for use as an acoustic cavitation detector and compared with a piezo-ceramic passive cavitation detector (PCD). Both detectors were used to measure negative pressure thresholds for broadband emissions in 3% agar and ex vivo bovine liver simultaneously. FOH-detected half- and fourth-harmonic emissions were also studied. Three thresholds were defined and investigated: (i) onset of cavitation; (ii) 100% probability of cavitation; and (iii) a time-integrated threshold where broadband signals integrated over a 3-s exposure duration, averaged over 5–10 repeat exposures, become statistically significantly greater than noise. The statistical sensitiviy of FOH broadband detection was low compared with that of the PCD (0.43/0.31 in agar/liver). FOH-detected fourth-harmonic data agreed best with PCD broadband (sensitivity: 0.95/0.94, specificity: 0.89/0.76 in agar/liver). The FOH has potential as a cavitation detector, particularly in applications where space is limited or during magnetic resonance-guided studies.     

BEGO种植系统在前牙区的临床应用体会

目的:观察应用BEGO种植系统进行前牙区种植修复的临床效果。方法:应用BEGO种植系统对302例部分前牙缺失患者进行即刻或延期种植,共植入482枚种植体,采用金属烤瓷冠桥或氧化锆全瓷冠桥修复。通过临床检查及X线检查,评估种植体周骨高度丧失情况。结果:观察1～4.5年,3颗种植体于种植后6个月进行二期手术时发现未形成骨结合,松动取出;其余种植体均稳固无松动,完成冠桥修复,成功率达99.4%,患者对临床效果满意。结论:BEGO种植系统应用于前牙区其操作简单可靠,可以取得较理想的前牙区美学效果。     

High-intensity zone (HIZ) of lumbar intervertebral disc on T2-weighted magnetic resonance images: spatial distribution, and correlation of distribution with low back pain (LBP)

Objectives

To analyze the three-dimensional distribution of high-intensity zone (HIZ) in lumbar disks and to assess the correlation between low back pain (LBP) and spatial distribution of HIZs.

Methods

Clinical records and lumbar MRIs of 623 patients (337 males and 286 females, age 50.10 ± 15.38 years) were selected and reviewed. Baseline characteristics and 3D localization were performed and recorded by two radiologists in a blind fashion.

Results

Among the 623 patients, 200 exhibited an HIZ in at least one disk. HIZs were more frequently seen in the inferior part of annulus fibrosus (superior–middle–inferior ratio 39:59:140, P < 0.001). One hundred and eighty-one HIZs (76.1%) occurred at L4/5 and/or L5/S1. The prevalence of multi-segmental HIZ was 16.5%. Among the 33 patients with multi-segmental HIZs, 24 exhibited HIZs in adjacent disks. The LBP rate of HIZ patients was significantly higher than that of patients who exhibited no HIZ (57.5 vs. 47.8%, P < 0.05). There was no evidence for a correlation between LBP and spatial distribution of HIZ in disk (P > 0.05). The incidence of LBP was slightly higher when the HIZ disk level was lower or when there were HIZs exhibited in more disks; however, the difference was statistically insignificant (P > 0.05).

Conclusions

High-intensity zones occurred frequently at lower segments, inferior part of annulus fibrosus, and single disk.