Biosynthetic cellulose compared to porcine xenograft in the treatment of partial-thickness burns: A randomised clinical trial

AimThe aim was to compare two dressing treatments for partial-thickness burns: biosynthetic cellulose dressing (BsC) (Epiprotect® S2Medical AB, Linköping, Sweden) and porcine xenograft (EZ Derm®, Mölnlycke Health Care, Gothenburg, Sweden).MethodsTwenty-four adults with partial-thickness burns were included in this randomized clinical trial conducted at The Burn Centers in Linköping and Uppsala, Sweden between June 2016 and November 2018. Time to healing was the primary outcome. Secondary outcomes were wound infection, pain, impact on everyday life, length of hospital stay, cost, and burn scar outcome (evaluated with POSAS).ResultsWe found no significant differences between the two dressing groups regarding time to healing, wound infection, pain, impact on everyday life, duration of hospital stay, cost, or burn scar outcome at the first follow up. Burn scar outcome at the 12-month follow up showed that the porcine xenograft group patients scored their scars higher on the POSAS items thickness (p = 0.048) and relief (p = 0.050). This difference was, however, not confirmed by the observer.ConclusionsThe results showed the dressings performed similarly when used in adults with burns evaluated as partial thickness.     

The Use of a Whole Animal Biophotonic Model as a Screen for the Angiogenic Potential of Estrogenic Compounds

Background: Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is essential for normal vascular growth and development during wound repair. VEGF is estrogen responsive and capable of regulating its own receptor, vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-2 (VEGFR-2). Several agricultural pesticides (e.g., methoxychlor) have estrogenic potential that can initiate inappropriate physiological responses in estrogenic-sensitive tissues following exposure in vivo. Thus, the current study was designed to determine whether the VEGFR-2-Luciferase (Luc) reporter transgenic mouse is a useful model for evaluating estrogenic tendencies of methoxychlor by monitoring wound healing via VEGFR-2-mediated gene expression using bioluminescence and real-time imaging technology.Results: VEGFR-2-Luc gene activity peaked by d 7 (P<0.001) in all groups but was not different (P>0.05) between control and estrogen/methoxychlor exposed mice.Conclusions: Changes in VEGFR-2-Luc gene activity associated with the dermal wound healing process were able to be measured via photonic emission. The increase in vasculature recruitment and formation is paralleled by the increase of VEGFR-2-Luc activity with a peak on day 7. However, estrogen/methoxychlor did not significantly alter wound healing mediated VEGFR-2-Luc gene expression patterns compared to controls. This suggests that the VEGFR-2-Luc transgenic mouse wound model tested in this study may not be optimal for use as a screen for the angiogenic potential of estrogenic compounds.     

Epidermal-cell-based therapy as an adjunct to healing second degree burns—A randomized controlled pilot study

BackgroundHealing of partial-thickness (2a and 2b) burns is notoriously unpredictable as far as healing time, scarring and (hypo)pigmentation is concerned. Epidermal blister grafting is an autologous grafting technique involving transfer of epidermal islands without dermal elements. Cellutome™ is an FDA-acknowledged epidermal harvesting device. This proof-of-concept study evaluates whether blister grafting of partial-thickness burns results in improved healing compared to standard acellular treatment.MethodsThis is a randomized controlled trial with 8 patients in which each patient received both treatments randomized to different burn sites. Healing was assessed at regular intervals. Twelve months after treatment, outcomes were measured with the Vancouver Scar Scale (VSS), Patient and Observer Scar Assessment Scale (POSAS), photography, spectrometry, Semmes-Weinstein Filaments, cutometry and high-resolution ultrasound.ResultsAreas treated with epidermal blister grafting healed slightly faster than acellular treatment. Epidermal treatment yielded healing with less erythema, closer to that of surrounding normal skin (p = 0.0404). Donor sites were not visible and not measurably different than normal skin.ConclusionsResults favor cellular over acellular technique for the treatment of partial-thickness (2a and 2b) burns. Significant improvement in erythema implies a higher quality healing process. Further studies should look primarily at larger areas of treatment, and larger sample size.     

疗愈氛围在改扩建医疗建筑中的营造

概述了改扩建医疗建筑疗愈氛围设计的研究背景和研究意义,并基于疗愈理念,详细阐述了在项目建设的各个实施阶段应关注的重点。     

Engineering the healing of the rabbit medial collateral ligament

A biological approach to improve healing of the medical collateral ligament (MCL) was investigated by exploring the use of therapeutic growth factors based on in vitro and in vivo experiments. The in vitro cell culture studies involved screening a variety of growth factors to select those that exhibit the most positive effects on cell proliferation and extracellular matrix synthesis. The selected growth factors were applied in vivo to a rabbit model where the MCL was ruptured. Biomechanical and histological evaluations are performed to determine whether the selected growth factors can enhance the properties of the healed MCL, whether these improvements are dose dependent, and whether combinations of growth factors can enhance MCL healing to a greater extent than individual growth factors. In vitro studies showed that epidermal growth factor (EGF) and platelet derived growth factor-BB (PDGF-BB) have the greatest effect on ligament fibroblast proliferation, whereas transforming growth factor-β₁ (TGF-β₁) superiorly promotes extracellular matrix synthesis. These growth factors were then applied in vivo at different dosages, in isolation and in combination, and the ligaments were evaluated six weeks post-operatively. Tensile testing of the femur-MCL-tibia complexes (FMTCs) revealed that the specimens treated with a high dose of PDGF-BB have ultimate load, ultimate elongation and energy absorbed to failure values that are significantly greater than those from the other groups. The high dose of PDGF-BB was more effective than the low dose, indicating a dose dependency. The addition ofTGF-β₁ to PDGF-BB did not lead to any further increases in the structural properties of the FMTC. These encouraging results suggest that PDGF-BB may be a potential growth factor to enhance the quality of the healing ligament.     

In vivo responses of macrophages and myofibroblasts in the healing following isoproterenol-induced myocardial injury in rats

To clarify the relation between macrophage and myofibroblast involvement in various myocardial diseases, the authors investigated the kinetics of these cells in the healing (scar tissue formation) following isoproterenol-induced myocardial injury in rats. Alphasmooth muscle actin (-SMA) expressing myofibroblasts were seen at the border of the affected area and appeared in the greatest numbers on days 3–7 post-injection, followed by a gradual decrease by day 35. The peak on day 3 was consistent with the timing of the highest proliferative activity of myofibroblasts. The number of ED1-positive macrophages began to increase as early as day 1, reaching a peak on day 3 within the injured myocardium. The expansion of EDI-positive macrophages preceded an increased number of -SMA-positive myofibroblasts suggesting that myofibroblast proliferation and activation may be mediated by factors released by ED1-positive mcrophages in response to myocardial injury. The number of ED2-positive tissue-fixed, resident macrophages gradually increased from day 3 post-injection, and peaked on day 14, but the number of ED2-positive macrophages was consistently fewer than that of ED1-positive macrophages during the 35 day-observation period after the injection. The labelling index of the ED2-positive cells was maximal on day 14, indicative of local proliferation of resident macrophages. In the healing process after myocardial injury, EDI-positive macrophages increase markedly in the early stages; ED2-positive macrophages appear later.     

The effects of honey compared to silver sulfadiazine for the treatment of burns: A systematic review of randomized controlled trials

Evidence from animal studies and trials suggests that honey may accelerate wound healing. The objective of this review was to assess the effects of honey compared with silver dressings on the healing of burn wounds. Relevant databases for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of honey compared with silver sulfadiazine (SSD) were searched. The quality of the selected trials was assessed using the Cochrane Risk of Bias Assessment Tool. The primary endpoints considered were wound healing time and the number of infected wounds rendered sterile. Nine RCTs met the inclusion criteria. Based on moderate quality evidence there was a statistically significant difference between the two groups, favoring honey in healing time (MD ?5.76 days, 95% CI ?8.14 to ?3.39) and the proportions of infected wounds rendered sterile (RR 2.59; 95% CI 1.58–2.88). The available evidence suggests that honey dressings promote better wound healing than silver sulfadiazine for burns.     

Chitin and chitosan: biopolymers for wound management

Chitin and chitosan are biopolymers with excellent bioactive properties, such as biodegradability, non‐toxicity, biocompatibility, haemostatic activity and antimicrobial activity. A wide variety of biomedical applications for chitin and chitin derivatives have been reported, including wound‐healing applications. They are reported to promote rapid dermal regeneration and accelerate wound healing. A number of dressing materials based on chitin and chitosan have been developed for the treatment of wounds. Chitin and chitosan with beneficial intrinsic properties and high potential for wound healing are attractive biopolymers for wound management. This review presents an overview of properties, biomedical applications and the role of these biopolymers in wound care.     

髋关节置换术后股骨假体周围骨折的手术治疗

目的探讨手术治疗髋关节置换术后股骨假体周围骨折的临床疗效。方法选择2011年10月～2018年2月手术治疗的25例髋关节置换术后股骨假体周围骨折的患者,依据Vancouver分型,B1型5例,B2型12例,C型8例,其中1例B1型患者为陈旧性,根据具体分型采用不同的治疗方法 ,观察术后髋关节Harris评分及膝关节Hiss评分,并对骨折愈合情况、肢体长度进行评价。结果随访10～46个月,平均(28.5±3.0)个月。假体周围骨折术前测量患侧肢体较对侧肢体短缩1.0～3.0 cm,平均(1.80±0.60)cm;术后随访时短缩0～1.3 cm,平均(0.90±0.35)cm,与术前相比,差异有统计学意义(P=0.003)。所有患者骨折均愈合良好,骨性愈合时间11～18个月,平均13.4个月,未发现假体松动以及内固定断裂或移位。术后髋关节Harris评分83～96分,平均(90.2±5.2)分,优良率达85.6%。术后膝关节Hiss评分85～100分,平均(94.3±3.8)分,优良率100.0%,临床疗效良好。结论髋关节置换术后股骨假体周围骨折临床治疗较为棘手,术前应根据患者身体情况、功能要求、骨头质量以及骨折类型制定个体化手术方案,方可取得较好临床疗效。     

角形切口设计和愈合方式与下颌阻生智齿拔除术后并发症

目的:探讨两种角形切口设计和愈合方式对下颌阻生智齿拔除术后并发症的影响。方法:采用分口设计,共纳入60例患者(120侧)。所有患者均有双侧埋伏阻生下颌智齿,且双侧阻生方式相同。按照牙冠是否完全骨埋伏将患者分为A组(冠完全骨埋伏,30例)和B组(冠部分骨埋伏,30例)。一侧采用角形瓣,术后一期缝合完全关闭创口(triangular flap-primary healing,TF-P);对侧采用改良角形瓣,缝合后在第二磨牙远中遗留三角形的牙龈缺损,二期愈合(modified triangular flap-secondary healing,MTF-S)。所有手术由同一医师完成。术后第1天、第3天和第7天复查,检测术后疼痛(VAS评分和布洛芬用量)、肿胀和张口受限程度。术后6个月复查,检查第二磨牙远中探诊深度(probing depth,PD)。配对t检验对比两种方案在术后疼痛、肿胀和开口受限方面的差异。结果:A组中,术后第1天和第3天,MTF-S方案疼痛、肿胀程度低于TF-P方案(P<0.05);术后第1天、第3天和第7天MTF-S方案张口受限程度低于TF-P方案(P<0.05)。B组中,两种方案在术后疼痛、肿胀和张口受限方面差异无统计学意义,但术后第4天,MTF-S方案侧疼痛有加重趋势。术后6个月第二磨牙远中探诊,A、B两组中两种方案的PD差异无统计学意义。结论:MTF-S方案能够减轻完全骨埋伏下颌智齿拔除术后的并发症;术后6个月,两种方案在第二磨牙远中PD方面差异无统计学意义。