不同皮质骨厚度区域的加载正畸微种植体骨整合的组织形态学和生物力学分析

目的研究皮质骨厚度(CBT)对正畸微种植体骨整合的影响。方法选择四川大学实验动物中心的健康雄性成年Beagle犬12只,依据种植钉植入区皮质骨厚度分为厚CBT组与薄CBT组,将48枚微种植体植入12只Beagle犬两侧胫骨,厚CBT组与薄CBT组微种植体分别在距近中干骺端4 cm和2 cm处植入。术后1、3、5、7周处死,作力学拉拔测试和组织形态学研究。结果薄CBT组和厚CBT组1、3、5、7周CBT比较差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);在第1、3、5周,厚CBT组骨整合、皮质骨体积密度(骨体积/总体积)、相交表面(与骨表面接触的微种植体)均显著高于薄CBT组,第7周时两组间差异无统计学意义;厚CBT组最大拉拔力在1周达顶峰,3周降到最低点,薄CBT组则随时间延长持续上升。结论较大CBT对微种植体初期稳定性有益,而较薄皮质骨更有利于二期稳定性的获得。     

New experimental procedures to evaluate the biomechanical properties of healing canine medial collateral ligaments

Both clinical and animal studies have indicated that early mobilization and exercise may improve the healing of injured medial collateral ligaments (MCLs). To investigate these effects, transected canine MCLs were subjected to three different treatment regimens: (a) no surgical repair with 6 weeks mobilization; (b) surgical repair with 3 weeks immobilization followed by 3 weeks remobilization; and (c) surgical repair with 6 weeks immobilization. After sacrifice, knee laxity was measured in a newly designed varus-valgus (V-V) laxity device. Each knee was tested subsequently in tension to determine the structural properties of the femur-MCL-tibia complex (FMTC) and the mechanical properties of the healing MCL substance. It was found that the V-V laxity increased for all experimental knees, but that early mobilization enhanced joint stability. The structural properties of the FMTC and the mechanical properties of the MCL substance were also lower than the contralateral controls. Again, the early mobilization groups had better results.     

血管内皮生长因子在骨折修复过程中血管生成的促进作用

目的观察血管内皮生长因子(VEGF)在骨折修复过程中对骨折端微血管密度(MVD)的影响，探讨VEGF在骨折端血管生成中的作用。方法用168只大白鼠制作股骨骨折模型，随机分为VEGF组、拮抗VEGF组、对照组，用免疫组织化学分别测定伤后不同时间骨折端MVD的变化。结果应用外源性VEGF后。骨折端MVD明显增加；拮抗VEGF组，骨折端MVD明显下降；对照组MVD低于VEGF组，但高于拮抗VEGF组。结论VEGF在骨折修复过程中，对血管生成具有重要作用，并可能作为一种重要细胞因子参与和调节了骨折修复过程。     

骨髓间充质干细胞对放创复合伤创面的促愈作用

目的 探讨骨髓间充质干细胞对放创复合伤创面的促愈作用。方法 利用自体骨髓来源的间充质干细胞移植于局部合并放射损伤的创面，采用荧光示踪技术、形态学观察、胶原染色、成纤维细胞和毛细血管计数、羟脯氨酸含量测定等多种指标，观察了间充质干细胞对放创复合伤创面的促愈使用。结果 间充质干细胞能加快创面愈合，促进肉芽组织生长和胶原合成。结论 骨髓间充质干细胞对放创复合伤创面有明显的促愈效应。     

同种异体骨移植后移植愈合的影响因素

同种异体骨目前已成功用于修复因肿瘤、感染、创伤后造成的骨缺损。异体骨的愈合机制也得到广泛的研究。作者对影响异体骨愈合的因素作一综述。     

腱旁组织修复后对肌腱愈合方式影响的实验研究

为了观察腱旁组织对肌腱愈合方式的影响，选用雌性罗曼鸡２０只，取双侧第三趾手术，以鸡趾伸肌腱为模型，随机分为两组，每组１０只２０趾。Ａ组仅缝合趾伸肌腱；Ｂ组缝合趾伸肌腱后再修复腱旁组织。术后３周和６周，分别取标本进行大体形态和组织学观察。结果表明，术后３周，Ａ组粘连广泛，成纤维细胞增生紊乱；Ｂ组修复的肌腱形成规则而光滑的“梭形体”，粘连较轻，成纤维细胞增生有序。术后６周，Ａ组粘连较重，愈合处为瘢痕组织连接，形态不规则，纤维细胞排列紊乱，胶原纤维少而幼稚；Ｂ组粘连基本消失，肌腱及腱旁组织基本恢复正常，增生的纤维细胞及胶原纤维来自肌腱和腱旁组织，排列有序，有腱束形成趋势     

维生素A拮抗氢化可的松延迟大鼠结肠吻合口愈合的作用

结肠吻合口而是结肠手术后重要的并发症和死亡原因。本研究通过动物实验观察到氢化可的松延迟结肠吻合口愈合，而维生素Ａ能促进结肠吻合口愈合，并拮抗氢化可的松的抑制作用。同时探讨了其作用机理。为临床长期应用类固醇制剂而需行结脉手术者，使用维生素Ａ以期降低吻合口漏发生率，提供了初步的实验依据。     

Flexor tendon repair in vitro: a comparative histologic study of the rabbit, chicken, dog, and monkey

Flexor tendon healing in four different animal species was explored in a tissue culture system. Ninety percent transverse lacerations were made in 88 tendon segments obtained from rabbits, chickens, dogs, and monkeys. The tendons were removed from culture and studied by light and electron microscopy at intervals of 3, 6, 9, and 12 weeks. A characteristic sequence of repair including epitenon thickening, cellular differentiation, cell migration, and phagocytosis was seen in each of the repaired tendons. The endotenon cells of several animal tendons appeared to be synthesizing collagen. There was a consistent difference in the rate of healing between the four species. The rabbit tendons demonstrated nearly complete closure of the repair site by 12 weeks. A lesser response was seen in the chicken, followed by the dog and monkey. The differences in healing rate appeared to be due to the non-species-specific in vitro culture media. The in vitro flexor tendon culture system is particularly useful in studying the tendon repair responses of various species with the contributions of vascularity and synovial cells excluded.     

中小面积烧伤创面治疗体会

目的总结联合应用湿润烧伤膏与美宝创疡贴对小面积深度创面的治疗效果。方法2008年3月～2009年12月对61例各种中小面积烧伤创面联合应用湿润烧伤膏与美宝创疡贴治疗。结果除3例中断治疗外,其余均达到生理性愈合。结论联合应用湿润烧伤膏与美宝创疡贴治疗中小面积烧伤创面效果良好。     

Assessment of scaphoid fracture healing

Scaphoid fractures are among the most common hand fractures in adults. The geometry of the scaphoid as it relates to its retrograde blood supply renders it particularly prone to avascular necrosis and other fracture complications. Though there has been long-standing debate over the optimal method of diagnosing scaphoid fractures, the best and most cost-effective methods combine clinical exam with other imaging modalities such as navicular view plain films, CT, and MRI for particularly questionable presentations. Once a scaphoid fracture is diagnosed, it should be followed by an orthopaedic surgeon and treated with cast immobilization or operative management in the case of displaced fractures. Fractures should be followed to monitor healing progress in order to ensure the eventual development of bridging bone across the fracture line, usually best appreciated on CT. Proper treatment of scaphoid fractures and assessment of fracture healing can minimize the occurrence of non-unions and associated arthritic changes.